tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-80314076750043054942024-02-20T22:46:53.634-08:00CASA MUSEO SPADA ENGLISH VERSIONmaksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.comBlogger18125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-10474804307845114412017-01-10T15:01:00.014-08:002023-11-15T08:52:39.528-08:00HOME<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
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<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: #f3f3f3; font-weight: normal;">The Spada Collection is housed in an old shoe factory, the fratelli Gidiuli, located inside Palazzo Prete in Lecce. Visiting a house-museum has the privilege, compared to traditional public museums, not to disperse, not to be overwhelmed by dozens of visitors and guides: the house-museum has the opportunity to try an instrument, discuss, exchange views ahead a cup of coffee offered by the landlord.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; white-space: pre-wrap;">The collection has over 1000 instruments built by the mid-seventeenth century to the early twentieth century, as well as two small collections, a Peruvian flutes notched, pre-Columbian age, some in the barrel and other bone, and other non-European ethnic instruments. It also consists of an important iconographic and a library of more than two hundred scores, manuscripts and books musical theme: a section is dedicated to composers and bands of Puglia, with their history, and their apparel, and a particular genre, the funeral march, peculiar to the rites of Holy Week in Taranto species.
Preserve the authenticity of the instrument as its manufacturer so heard where they manufactured: This work was done on some instruments were made in respect of an idea of the more than functional restoration, using diagnostic techniques and targeted restoration to preserve woods, metals , glues and original paints.
Through a touch screen terminal, visitors can play virtually hosted some of the tools from the collection, each piece will read a description, listen to the sound and to approach, through a short film, the posture of the player and the playing technique. The route is enriched by audio-visual projections and sound contributions; each room is equipped with teaching aids that can provide information in a comprehensible form, limiting the technical terms or at least explaining its meaning, to allow the visit even without the catalog.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href=" https://www.momondo.se/city-guides/discover-lecce.28922.guide.ksp" target="_blank"> https://www.momondo.se/city-guides/discover-lecce.28922.guide.ksp</a><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-11791992422102380122017-01-10T15:01:00.009-08:002017-01-10T15:01:19.159-08:00maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-73469205401057800412017-01-10T15:01:00.007-08:002017-01-10T15:01:14.043-08:00maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-72047819069893529412017-01-10T15:01:00.005-08:002017-01-10T15:01:09.918-08:00maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-23810252784415116802017-01-10T15:01:00.001-08:002017-01-13T09:31:05.694-08:00TOUR VIRTUALE<div style="text-align: center;">
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-62585625429270927392017-01-10T15:00:00.056-08:002023-11-15T08:58:17.961-08:00MUSICA DA BANDA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Italian, made in mid 20th century, branded: ORSI / MILAN. The flute, made of
nickel-plated brass, presents a curved head joint and Böehm machinery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 1. Pelitti trumpet in
Bb, Italy, with three rotary valve buttons, brass, length (without mouthpiece)
44,5cm (17.5”), signed "Giuseppe Pelitti Premiatto a Milano"
(signature carved on the bell on a crown apparently made of silver with a nice
decoration with oak leaves and acorns), three spare mouthpieces, original
wooden case. The carved, and not stamped, signature, the lack of the serial
number and the lack of the coat of arms of Savoy could date this instrument
back between 1828 and 1850.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 2. Trumpet in Bb, Italy,
1920s. Branded on the bell: A RAMPONE / B. CAZZANI & C / MILANO. The 1928
catalogue defines it "Trumpet o Trompette in Bb with 3 piston valves, long
and slander shape, narrow tubing, for soloists”, price 110 lire. Nickel-plated
and dull brass, and chromed brass; slide on the tubing of the third piston
valve.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 3. Trumpet in Eb - F
made of nickel-plated brass, Italian, anonymous, mid 20th century. On the bell
the name Stella Giuseppe is carved. The instrument has three piston valves and
a spare tuning slide to change from Eb to F. The total length, without mouthpiece,
is 585mm (23.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 4. Bass trumpet,
Italian, in Bb, made of brass, with three piston valves, branded: five-pointed
star / lyre with laurel branches / F.I.S.M. / Rampone Cazzani / Milano /
five-pointed star. The instrument dates back to the sixth decade of 20th
century; in 1958, Remo Saltamerenda took over the Rampone and changed the name
into F.I.S.M. Fabbrica Italiana Strumenti Musicali.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 5. Flugelhorn in Bb,
anonymous, first half of 20th century, probably German. The instrument, made of
brass, shows three cylindrical buttons and conical tubing. The total length is
128cm (50.4”) while the diameter of the bell is 14cm (5.5”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 6. Warning horn, Italy,
1950s. Branded on the bell: Kalison / fabbrica-strumenti-musicali / Milano.
This instrument, used by the Italian Navy, has a single piston valve.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 7. Warning horn,
Czechoslovakia, first half of 20th century, brass. The instrument is valveless;
it shows two volutes and is 411mm (16.2”) tall without the mouthpiece. On the
bell is carved F 1911.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 8. Natural soprano
clavicorn in E flat. in raw brass, maked in 1888 by the Florentine Adolfo
Lapini and used for the scenography of the Teatro alla Scala on the occasion of
the performance of Wagner's Tannhauser. This unusual instrument, 90 cm. high
and 195 cm. long without mouthpiece, presents a twist and a strange swelling
before the pavilion similar to the "onion" of the English horn. On
the pavilion there is a silver foil with two branches with leaves and fruits
engraved by hand and the inscription: Privil.ª and Brevett. Fabbrica. Adolfo
Lapini, publisher and maker of brass instruments in via dei Panziani 27
Florence, maked some experimental instruments, for band, the most famous of
which is the bassoon clavicorn preserved in the Metropolitan of New York.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 9. Concert saxhorn,
French model in G and D, USA, first half of 20th century, nickel-plated tubing,
very long and narrow, a single piston valve and a rotary valve for the melodic
“bass slide” in F and G. On the bell the brand GETZEN / DELUX / ELKHORN / -WIS.-.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 10. French trombone,
datable to the second decade of 20th century, with Viennese machinery. The
instrument, made of brass, has, carved on the bell: SYSTEME PROTOTYPE / FB
(monogram) / F. BESSON / BREVETE’ / S.G.N.G / 96 RUE D’ANGOULEME / PARIS /
five-pointed star / GRADS PRIX / PARIS 1900 / ST. LUIS 1904 / LIEGE 1905 /
BRUXELLES 1910 / HORS CONCOURS. The instrument, 95cm (37.4”) long, shows three
short piston valves controlling the Viennese machinery and on the leadpipe
there is, carved, F. Besson – Paris 82357.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 11. Slide trombone,
English, datable to the second decade of 20th century. On the bell there is the
brand: TRADEMARK / BOOSEY / BESSONS & CO. / LONDON W.C.2 / 75983. The
family of French makers Besson opened a branch manufacturer in London in 1850.
In the first decades of 20th century, they made instruments in collaboration
with Boosey who absorbed their manufacturer in 1948. The instrument is made of
brass and, with closed slide, is 110cm (43.3”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 12. Italian trombone in
Bb, showing two interchangeable bodies: one with slide and one with three
piston valves. The instrument, made of brass during the first half of 20th
century, is branded on the bell: ORSI / MILANO.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 13. Euphonium in Bb, with
three rotary valves, made of nickel-plated brass during the first half of 20th
century. Typical instrument of marching bands, it is now used in wind bands of
central Europe and Croatia.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 14. English euphonium,
made in 1922 of nickel-plated brass, three piston valves type Périnet, in Eb.
On the bell is carved the caption: SUPERIOR / CLASS / HAWKES & SON / Deman
Street / Piccadilly Circus / LONDON / 54122. On the piston valve is carved: on
the first 22, on the second 23 / HAWKES & SON / LONDON / 6, on the third
24. Height 735mm (28.95”), diameter of the bell 345mm (13.6”), original
mouthpiece. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 15. Helicon in Eb. Ceruti
manufacturer in Naples, three piston valves. On the bell is carved the caption:
F. Ceruti / Napoli. Francesco and his brother Salvatore Ceruti made instruments
until the beginning of 20th century; after 1930 they only marked the instruments
produced by the manufacturers of North Italy, like Orsi and Rampone &
Cazzani. From 1950 the manufacturer was gave to the heirs with the name Musical
Ceruti and nowadays it only sells and repairs instruments. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 16. Ophicleide in C,
French, mid 19th century, made by Gautrot in Paris. Joseph Halliday, Irish wind
instruments maker, in 1810 invented the “Keyed Bugle”, a saxhorn with keys
similar to saxophone keys, making brass instruments to be totally chromatic.
The ophicleide is a marching band instrument and is the lowest of keyed
trumpets family. The instrument is entirely made of brass and shows nine keys,
it is 974mm (38.35”) high. The maker, Pierre Louis Gautrot, operated in Paris
from 1845 to 1884. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 17. Soprano multiple horn
(schalmei), strange instrument made of eight different horns with different
lengths that play thanks to metal reeds, with range from E3 to E4, jointed with
a single oval mouthpiece and with three piston valves. This instrument has been
made by the Martin manufacturer in Paris in 1930s and recalls the althorns made
by Distin in 1880.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 18. Tenor multiple horn
(schalmei), instrument of the first decades of 20th century made of eight
different horns with different lengths that play thanks to metal reeds, jointed
with a mechanism with three piston valves and with a cup mouthpiece. The range
goes from C2 to C3. Also this instrument derives from Distin althorn.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 19. Natural trumpet in Eb,
anonymous, probably made during the first decades of 20th century in
manufacturers belonging to Friedrich Hirsbrunner (1841 – 1927) in Sumiswald,
Switzerland. The instrument is made of natural brass, 729mm (28.7”) long, made
of a single narrow and long volute, and on the bell there is a nickel silver
wreath.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 20. Cornet in Eb branded:
(in circle) coat of arms with three stars in laurel field / Ceruti / Napoli.
Ceruti brothers in 1950 sold the enterprise that got the name Musical Ceruti
Eredi di Francesco Ceruti di Salvatore Ceruti & C. S.a.s in Casalnuovo di Napoli.
The instrument, made during the third quarter of 20th century, is made of
nickel-plated brass with three piston valves Périnet type and it is, without
mouthpiece, 368mm (14.5”) high.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 21. Reed contrabass, made
during the first decade of 20th century, has, carved on the bell, the brand:
Prem° Stabil° / B. Cazzani & C° / Milano. This instrument, with double
reed, is entirely made of nickel-plated brass. The reed contrabass was
initially invented by Stowasser, in Graslitz / Kraslice, who created a sort of
metal contrabassoon, the idea was not very successful and was soon abandoned,
but the Begian maker Charles Mahillon noticed the potentiality of the new
instrument and resumed the idea, refining it and creating the reed contrabass
very few years after the invention of sarrusophone. The reed contrabass can
emit only a chromatic scale; that is, it has not a fingering corresponding to
other wind instruments: every key is a semitone so that it is considered an
instrument in C although the tonic is Eb (with key descending to D); it is
played pushing the keys one by one: the right hand plays the lower notes, and
the left the high notes. The instrument was made in a unique size with a range
approximately the same as a contrabassoon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 22. Slide trombone,
English, Victorian Age, made of silvered brass; length 1159mm (45.9”). The
instrument, with narrow and long tubing, and small bell, shows a fine floral
chiselling on every joint. Brand: PATENT 256761 / Perfecta Truline / CLASS A /
TRADE MARK / BOOSEY / BOOSEY & CO LTD / MAKERS LONDON / 137187 / British
Throughout.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 23. Vertical baritone
horn, Italian, in Bb, made during the first decades of 20th century, made of
brass with rotary valves machinery. The brand is: five-pointed star / lyre with
laurel branches / PREMIATO STABIL. / B. CAZZANI E C. / MILANO / ESPORTAZINE MONDIALE
/ A. RAMPONE / Ditte Riunite / B. CAZZANI / five-pointed star. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 24. Trumpet in Eb, German,
made during the first decades of 20th century and used in military bands. The
instrument, with narrow and long tubing, made of chromed brass, is 769mm
(30.25”) long with the mouthpiece and presents three piston valves.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 25. Warning horn or post
horn, anonymous, made at the end of 19th century, made of six simple coils of
golden brass and the mouthpiece. The diameter of the volutes is 117mm (4.6”)
while the diameter of the bell is 70mm (2.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 26. Cavalry trombone,
Flemish, datable to the first decades of 20th century, branded: EXCELSIOR / CH.
MAHEU & FILS / FOURNISSEURS / DE
L`ARMEE / ET DES / CONSERVATOIRES / GAND / BREVETEG. This instrument is a tenor
trombone with three piston valves, about 70cm (27.55”) long, and it was used by
military riding bands, being playable with a single hand and having the front
downwards.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 27. American mellophone
made of chromed brass, made by Holton in mid of 20th century. The mellophone is
a sort of French horn, in Bb, used in particular in USA, made of circular
tubing, like the horn, and three vertical piston valves. The mouthpiece is
cup-shaped, very similar to the mouthpiece of a trumpet, and the bell is
screwed in body. The diameter of the body is 33cm (13”) while the diameter of
the bell is 28cm (11”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 28. Cornopean, French,
anonymous, datable between 1860 and 1880, in its original case and with two
little mouthpieces. This instrument, entirely made of brass, is the precursor
of the cornet and is in A. The cornopean has three piston valves with Stöelzel
valve machinery. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 29. Reed contrabass,
Italian, branded: [double-headed eagle in coat of arms] / SOC. AN. / W.
STOWASSER'S SOHNE / PREMIATA E PRIVILEGIATA FABBRICA / DI ISTRUMENTI MUSICALI /
VERONA / VIA MENTANA / [eagle]. The instrument, made of nickel-plated brass
during the first decades of 20th century, shows seventeen keys, five for the
left hand and five for the left thumb, five for the right hand and two for the
right thumb.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 30. Saxhorn in Bb, German,
made of brass, with three piston valves, Berliner machinery, branded: Albert
Kley / Instrumentenbauer / Berlin. The instrument, 56cm (20.85”) long, the bell
has diameter of 22cm (8.65”), was made between 1910 and 1913, years when the
maker put his signature while during other years he worked for important
Berliner manufacturers like C.F. Schmidt and G. Eschenbach.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 31. French cornet,
branded: fleur-de-lis / THIBOUVILLE / PARIS / MADE ESPECIALLY / for / SHERMAN
CLAY & C°. / SAN FRANCISCO. The instrument was made of brass probably
during the last decades of 19th century for the American market. The instrument
has narrow and compact tubing for a brilliant sound; it presents three piston
valves and two possible tuning (C and Bb). Tuning changing is possible by
changing the tubing between the mouthpiece and the leadpipe.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 32. Bass trombone in C,
German, anonymous, made during the second half of 19th century. The instrument,
entirely made of brass, presents four rotary valves with Bavarian machinery, so
that with the inversion between the first and the second button.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 33. Cornet in Bb made in
Eastern Europe during the first decades of 20th century. The instrument,
entirely made of brass, has three rotary valves controlled by vertical piston
valves Lever type.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 34. German cornet with
Bavarian machinery, anonymous, datable to the end of 19th century. The
instrument, entirely made of brass, presents three rotary valves, with the
inversion between the first and the second button, and a silver wreath on the
border of the bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 35. Mouthpieces for
trumpet, cornet, French horn, saxhorn, trombone, and baritone horn from France,
Germany, and Italy. Datable between the end of 19th century and the beginning
of 20th century, they are made of brass and nickel-plated brass.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 36. Saxhorn with two
piston valves, branded: JEROME / THIBOUVILLE – LAMY / 58 BIS Rue Reaumur /
PARIS / A.G., made between 1867 and 1870. The instrument, made of brass,
presents two piston valves Périnet type and a narrow and long tubing; it has
its original mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 37. Tenor horn, Italian,
in Eb, branded ANBORG / COMO, datable to mid 20th century, made of
nickel-plated brass and with three piston valves. The total length is 540mm
(21.25”) without mouthpiece, while the diameter of the bell is 188mm (7.4”).
This manufacturer was found by Antonelli and Borghi, two artisans who worked in
Cazzani’s manufacturer and who operated in Como, in via Napoleone, until 1970s.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 38. Euphonium in Bb, that
can be carried on shoulder in order to be played only with the right hand and
to be used in military bands on bicycle. The instrument is datable to the end
of 19th century, entirely made of brass; it presents a machinery with three piston
valves outside the tubing. The brand is: royal coat of arms / PRIMARIA /
PREMIATA FABBRICA / LUIGI ALZIATI / MILANO / (ITALIA) / five-pointed star. The
total length is 745mm (29.35”) while the diameter of the bell is 278mm
(10.95”). <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">I. 39. Cimbasso (contrabass trombone in Bb),
Italian, branded: five-pointed star / lyre / premiato stabil. / B. CAZZANI /
MILANO / Esportazione Mondiale / in oval: A. RAMPONE / Ditte Riunite / B.
CAZZANI / five-pointed star / RAPPRES. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">IN SICILIA /
G. SACCO & CO / PALERMO. The instrument, entirely made of nickel-plated
brass, is datable to the first quarter of 20th century; it presents a machinery
with four cylinders.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 40. French horn, in Eb,
branded RAMPONE / BD OFED NY C 1965 / ITALY. Instrument made of brass,
machinery with three rotary valves.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 41. Bass tuba in Eb,
datable to the first decades of 20th century, branded: BRITISH STANDARD / L. P.
/ LONDON / BRITISH MADE / BEARE & SON / TORONTO. This manufacturer,
operating in London since 1865 and specialised in bowed instruments, also
produced numerous brass instruments to be exported in Europe and North America
(B & S). This instrument is entirely made of brass and presents three
vertical piston valves.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 42. American warning
trumpet, made in early 20th century and used in military music. The instrument,
made of brass, is 474mm (18.65”) long without the mouthpiece; it has a single
horizontal piston valve, two water keys, and is branded: CONN / MADE BY / C. G.
Conn Ltd / ELKART IND. / U.S.A.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 43. Trumpet in Bb, made
during the fourth decade of 20th century. Branded on the bell: A - RAMPONE /
QUARNA NOVARA. The instrument, made of chromed brass, has three Perinèt type
piston valves and is 490mm (19.3”) long without mouthpiece. It was made by
Alfonso Rampone, cousin of more famous Agostino, who, from 1932 to 1974,
installed in Quarna his manufacturer, taking over SAIIIM equipments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 44. Keyed saxhorn,
English, in C, datable to the second decade of 19th century. Body made of
copper while the six keys and the wreath, with the brand Gerock / 19 Cornhill,
London, are made of brass. The keys have flat and circular heads, leather pads,
and they are hinged on brass saddles with springs riveted on the body of the
key. The farthest from the mouthpiece (D / F#) is controlled by the little
finger of the right hand, it can be blocked on closing with a screw (missing),
the second key (C# / G#) is controlled by the right ring finger, the third (D /
A) by the index finger, the fourth (Eb / Db) by the right thumb, the fifth (Bb
/ Eb) by the right index finger and the nearest to mouthpiece (E / F) by the
right thumb. The mouthpiece is original; the total length (without mouthpiece)
is 432mm (17”). Christopher Gerock, son of German immigrants, operated in
London from 1804 to 1837 and had his offices in Cornhill between 1808 and 1823.
The insertion of keys like the ones used in woodwinds allowed to natural
trumpet to emit not only the natural harmonics, but almost the whole chromatic
scale, and that became possible with piston valves (1818). The most famous
performer with this instrument was Anton Weidinger (Vienna, 9/6/1767 -
20/11/1852). For him Haydn composed his famous Trumpet Concerto in E flat
major. Also in Italy this instrument has a good success testified by methods
for keyed trumpet published by Asioli and by Araldi.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 45. Natural warning
trumpet, branded: five-pointed star / lyre / PREMIATO STABIL.TO / B. CAZZANI
& C. / MILANO / ESPORTAZIOONE MONDIALE / in oval A. RAMPONE / Ditte Riunite
/ B. CAZZANI & C. / five-pointed star. The instrument, made in around 1912,
is made of nickel-plated brass, without buttons, with the height of 654mm
(25.75”), with bell diameter of 145mm (5.7”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 46. Flugelhorn made in
around 1932, branded: RAMPONE / & / CAZZANI / MILAN, Vademecum type. The
instrument is made of brass with three rotary valves. The total length is 450mm
(17.7”) without mouthpiece, while the diameter of the bell is 138mm (5.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 47. Tenor horn, Italian,
in Eb, branded: coat of arms of Savoy / C. ZINZI & C. / ROMA / five-pointed
star, datable to around 1935. The instrument is made of nickel-plated brass
with three piston valves machinery, the total length is 519mm (20.45”) without
mouthpiece, while the bell diameter is 154mm (6.05”). Carlo Zinzi only made
instruments used in marching bands, and he basically made brass instruments. In
Roma, in early 20th century, there was a merchant, Comingio Zinzi, the probable
costumer of a series of stencils.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 48. Baritone horn,
vertical, Italian, in Bb, made in around 1895, made of brass with rotary
cylinders machinery, branded: lyre / CERUTTI / TURIN / asterisk. Giovan
Battista Cerutti operated in Turin from the last decades of 19th century to
1909, year when he started to commercialise only others makers’ instruments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">I. 49. Tenor trombone branded: PRIMARIO /
FORN.RE R. ESERCITO / coat of arms of Savoy / PREMIATA FABBRICA / FERD.O ROTH /
MILANO / asterisk / Esportazione Mondiale. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
instrument, with small shank, made in around 1880, is made of brass and shows a
machinery with three rotary valves. Ferdinando Roth, born in Adorf in 1815,
settled in Milan where he worked for Pelitti. He founded his own manufacturer
in 1842. Since 1878 he worked with his son-in-low, Antonio Bottali, till 1898
when, at Roth’s death, he took over the manufacturer with the brand Roth &
Bottali.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 50. Tenor trombone,
Italian, branded: MORUTTO MARCELLO / coat of arms of Savoy / TORINO, made
probably in 1884. The instrument has large shank, with diapason 440 Hz; it is
made of brass with a silver wreath on the border of the bell and presents a
machinery with three rotary valves.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 51. Contrabass tuba in Eb
branded: three five-pointed stars / E. ZACCARIA / VERONA / five-pointed star.
The instrument, made of brass with machinery with three rotary valves, made in
around 1910, high about 1041mm (41”) and with a 439mm (17.3”) bell, it was made
by one of the numerous artisans in Verona in early 20th century who later
worked for the Stowasser manufacturer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 52. German tuba in Eb
branded: WILHELM HERWIG / imperial eagle / MARCKNEUKIRCHEN / SACHSEN. The
instrument presents a machinery with three piston valves of Berliner type with
the tubing of the second piston without slide. The instrument is made of
natural brass, high 840mm (33.05”) with bell, decorated with a nickel silver
wreath, with diameter of 270mm (10.6”). It is datable between the ending of
19th and early 20th century; the maker W. Herwig, former violinist and luthier,
operated as wind instrument maker from 1890 to 1940 and in early 20th century
began to use the brand HERWIGA.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 53. Tenor horn in Eb,
branded: five-pointed star / coat of arms / PREMITA / FABBRICA / RIBONI &
BENICCHIO / MILANO / five-pointed star. The instrument, datable to the third
decade of 20th century, is made of natural brass with machinery with three
rotary valves. The total length is 529mm (10.8”) without mouthpiece, while the
diameter of the bell is 164mm (6.45”). Romolo Riboni, former worker in Rampone
manufacturer, and Battista Benicchio, former worker in Sambruna manufacturer,
in 1930 created their own manufacturer specialised in the production of brass
instruments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 54. Rothcorno, Italian, in
Eb branded: BREVETTO / BOTTALI / five-pointed star / diapason / PREMIATA
FABBRICA / FerdO ROTH / MILANO / eight-pointed flower. The instrument, 419mm
(16.5”) high, made in 1908, is of chromed brass with machinery with three
rotary valves. This instrument, with conical bore and with the peculiar oval
shape, was created to substitute harmony horn in marching bands. Presented
during the Didactic Musical Congress in 1098 in Milan, this instrument was made
with three o four rotary valves, in Eb or Bb, and substituted the tenor horn or
the baritone horn with a sound similar to the sound of horn, but with less
emission difficulty.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 55. Euphonium in Eb,
Italian, datable to around 1870, branded on the nickel silver decoration of the
bell: BRIZZI E NICCOLAI / FIRENZE while on the hurt-protector support, opposite
to the bell, there is the brand: A. SQUAGLIA & C. / FIRENZE. In 1842 Enea
Brizzi, chief of the Carabinieri Military Band, founded, together with Giovanni
Niccolai, the musical house "Brizzi e Niccolai". In 1866 Enea Brizzi
burst into the history of Italian Risorgimento: together with A. Brofferio
wrote the "1866 war song". The manufacturer, moved to Valletta,
Malta, in 1909, was renowned for wind instrument making and for piano making.
This instrument is made of chromed brass with three rotary valves machinery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 56. Bass trombone in G
with machinery with four rotary valves. On the nickel silver wreath on the bell
there is the writing: A. J. ROTT ạ syn Praha Kr Vinohrady. Rott August Heinrich
Sohn (Augustin Jindrich syn, Prague 1869 - 1917) took over his father’s
manufacturer expanding the interests also in Spain together with H. Lahera. The
instrument, datable to the end of 19th century, is made of chromed brass with
supports of nickel-plated brass and it is 1420mm (55.9”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 57. Horizontal baritone
horn in Bb, English, made in 1911 (on the first piston there is the incision:
Besson & Co breveté and the serial number 93948). On the bell is carved:
CLASS / A / 50 MEDALS DI HONOUR / monogram FB / BESSON & C° / “Prototipe” /
198 EUSTON ROAD / LONDON / ENGLAND / five-pointed star. The instrument is 655mm (25.8”) high, while
la bell has diameter of 230mm (9.05”). This instrument is a prototype and other
samples are very few. It presents a vertical leadpipe; it is made of nickel-plated
brass and has three Perinèt type piston valves.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 58. Trombone in Bb, with
machinery SARV (side-action-rotary-valve), model “Centennial”. The instrument
was made in 1875 by Henry Lehnert (b Freiberg, in Saxony 3/2/1838; d
Philadelphia 14/10/1916), moved to Freemantle in 1860, with his brother Carl,
with whom he founded the Lehnert & Co. In 1866. After moving apart from his
brother, he went to Philadelphia to produce his instruments line "American
Standard". From 1875 to June 1876 he produced high quality brass
instruments, the line “Centennial”, for the bands that would perform during the
parades for the centennial of the foundation of United States in on July 4th,
1876. The machinery has three rotary valves activated by long levers that make
the cylinder turn by means of a thin twine attached at its bottom. The
instrument, made of nickel-plated brass, is 846mm (33.3”) long while the bell
has diameter of 401mm (15.8”). The brand is: LEHNERT PHILA. (in circle) /
CENTENNIAL.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 59. Altophone in Eb with
upwards bell. This instrument is a variation of the tenor horn created by Henry
Distin and, as the French horn and the mellophone, has circular tubing and a
large bell. It is branded: “28 Medals Of Honour" (in banner) / F. B. (monogram)
/ F. BESSON / BREVETÉE / 198 Euston Rd. / London / five-pointed star / Louis
Schreiber / Sole Agent / U. States; on the second piston is carved: in oval F.
Besson / five-pointed star / Brevetée / 19825 that makes it date back to 1877.
Another peculiarity of this instrument is that it has been imported by Louis
Schreiber from New York, who is known today for the unusual drop-shaped
Schreiberhorns family. This instrument is made of chromed brass and has three
Perinèt type piston valves, it is 413mm (16.25”) high and the bell diameter is
215mm (8.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 60. Alto horn in Eb or
Pichotte (word used in French marching bands and military bands), made of
natural brass with machinery with three Berliner type piston valves; probably
made in Germany for the exportation to United States, it is datable to the
second half of 20th century. On the bell is carved: LYON & HEALY / Chicago.
Patrick Joseph Healy and George Washburn Lyon, from 1864 until 1923, started to
merchandise musical instruments made in Europe, branding the instruments with
their logo. Total length 545mm (21.45”), diameter of the bell 190mm (7.5”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 61. Solo tenor horn,
saxhorn in Eb, with three cylinders with TARV (top-action-rotary-valve)
machinery, with the typical rotary valves activated by adjustable twines; made
of brass, datable to around 1890. On the bell is carved the caption: Pollmann’s
Musik House, New York. Henry August Pollmann moved from Saxony to New York in
1880 where he took over instrument maker John Henry Martin’s enterprise, till
his death in 1905. The instrument has bell diameter of 133mm (5.25”) and is
433mm (17.05”) high, without mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 62. Trumpet in G,
anonymous, made of natural brass, with three piston valves, valve machinery
created in Berlin by Heinrich Stöelzel and Friedrich Blühmel in 1814. The
instrument, probably French, dates back to mid 19th century, has the caption
SOL carved on the embouchure tubing, and on the second piston C 70. The bell
diameter is 109mm (4.3”) while the length, without mouthpiece, is 375mm
(14.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 63. German cornet in F
with Bavarian machinery, made at the end of 19th century, branded: C A KEIL /
MARKNEUKIRCHEN / SACHSEN. Carl August Keil was a musical instruments wholesaler
in Markneukirchen; this instrument was probably made by an anonymous artisan of
the town or the region. The instrument, entirely made of brass, presents three
rotary valves, with the inversion between the first and the second button, a
silver wreath on the border of the bell and two additional tubings to change
the tuning to Eb or D.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 64. Baritone horn in Bb,
made at the end of 19th century, of chromed brass with three piston valves
machinery. On the bell there is the brand: royal coat of arms / C SAMBRUNA /
MILANO / hunting horn. The Sambruna Camillo manufacturer operated in Milan from
1876 to 1923 (at Camillo’s death, in 1918, his daughters Giannina, Angela, and
his son Camillo junior succeeded him) and it had numerous awards for the
peculiar quality of its instruments. The instrument is 628mm (24.7”) high and
the bell diameter is 215mm (8.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 65. Tenor trombone, in Bb,
Italian, branded inside of a floral wreath: Premiata Fabbrica / Ditta Massara /
Asti, made probably between the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th
century. Luigi Massara operated between 1888 and 1926 both in Asti and Ivrea
and he specialised in realization of low brass instruments. The instrument has
large shank, with diapason 440 Hz; it is made of brass with a three rotary
valves machinery and buttons decorated with mother of pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 66. Trumpet in Bb/C,
branded ARIGRA. This is the acronym of "Anton Riedl Graslitz". Anton
Riedl was an instrument maker who, in 1885, created his own manufacturer in the
Czech town and used this brand from 1928 to 1930; later his son Hugo substituted
him in managing the manufacturer. The trumpet was made, most presumably, in
1930 in pure Art Nouveau style: the bell, the outer shell of the piston valves,
the nuts, and the rings for the fingers are octagonal: the bell is carved and
hammered even inside. The leadpipe has an extension pipe, with a hexagonal ring
for the grasp, that allows to change tonality. The tubing of the third piston
is extendable thanks to a slide. The trumpet is made of silvered brass, it is
495mm (19.5”) long, the length of the extension pipe of the leadpipe is 53mm
(2.1”) while the bell diameter is 115mm (4.5”). These trumpets were used
especially for jazz music.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 67. Demilune trumpet in C,
made by Giuseppe Pelitti between 1830 and 1850. This is a natural trumpet with
tubing bent in shape of half moon to allow the player to insert his hand in the
bell and lower the tones. This instrument is made of natural brass; it presents
the tubing twined three times with a total length of 119mm (4.7”) without
mouthpiece. This has a shank lightly bent to allow an easier embouchure. The
brand is: coat of arms of Savoy / two seven-pointed stars / G. PELITTI MILANO /
seven-pointed star / 16.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 68. Euphonium with double
bell, branded: made by / J W YORK & SONS / GRAND RAPIDS / MICH. and made in
1908 (serial number on the second piston 17719). The instrument is made of
nickel-plated brass, has four Perinèt type piston valves for the baritone voice
and a side piston valve, with the number 818 carved, that change the tubing
into tenor voice. The tenor bell is forward and is removable while the baritone
bell is vertical and unmovable. James Warren York was born in November 24th,
1839 in Exeter, New Hampshire. At first he worked for Boston Musical
Instruments Factory and in 1882 moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan, where together
with his brother founded the YORK Band Instrument Company. In their music
store, initially they imported and sold musical instruments. Then they began to
produce cornets, trombones, and embouchures, as well as to provide services of
maintenance and restoration. Later James W. York’s sons joined the company. In
1884 the company was known with the title J.W. York and Company. Later, in honour
of his son Charles E. York, the name was changed into "York &
Son" in 1887, and in 1898 into "York & Sons", in honour of
his second son, Frank W. York. York ceded the enterprise to his sons, who
operated until 1913, when they sold it to Johnson, John, and James Duffy who
took the reins till 1930, year when the enterprise was sold to Carl Fischer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 69. French horn in F - Bb,
made in 1925 by Joseph Lidl in Brno, Czech Republic. This factory operated
since 1895 and excelled in production of brass instruments, since 1924
distinguished itself for the production of innovative and high quality French
horns. This is a compensating instrument; in fact a long rotary valve can be
activated with the thumb, redirecting the whole tubing at once. This is the
improvement of Carl Geyer’s ideas, known as Wunderlich Model, and allows a
quick and soft passage from a position to another. On the valve for the
tonality change is carved: Lidl Brno, while on the bell is carved the writing
Acustic. The instrument is made of chromed brass with ring nuts and supports
made of nickel-plated brass and it shows three rotary valves activated with
silver metal keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 70. Trumpet in Bb, made
during the third decade of 20th century. Branded on the bell: A. RAMPONE / B.
CAZZANI & C / MILANO. Nickel-plated and dull brass and chromed brass. The
instrument has three piston valves and is 501mm (19.7”) long without mouthpiece.
On the 1928 catalogue it is described as trumpet Besson type improved Cazzani,
with automatic mechanism on the leadpipe to regulate the intonation of lower
notes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 71. Tritonikon double bass
datable to around 1890. The instrument is made of brass with nickel-silver
keys, ferrules and garland. It has ten front keys and five back keys that
control fifteen keys; on the keys is engraved the note emitted. On the bell is
a plaque with the inscription: 1889 / PREMIERE RÉCOMPENSE / V. F. CERVENY /
& FILS / two medals with the inscriptions. EXPOSITION UNIVERSELLE and
REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE / MEDAILLE D'OR. The instrument is 97 cm high, 35 cm wide
and 18 cm thick. The invention of this instrument is attributed to the Hradec
Králové luthier Václav František Červený (1819-1896) and dates back to 1856.
master of the tritonikon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 72. Natural trumpet in A
made of hard-drawn brass with single twine pipe and cylindrical tubing,
branded: F. PERINET / 31 rue COPERNIC 31 / PARIS. Instrument datable to the
last decades of 19th century, made by François Pèrinet, creator of the piston
valve machine for brass instruments, machinery even now used for these
instruments. The instrument is 506mm (19.9”) long without mouthpiece and the
narrow twine pipe is long 384mm (15.1”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 73. Bass trumpet in Bb,
Italian, made of natural brass, dating back to the first decades of 20th
century. On the bell there is the maker’s name carved: A. CARNAZZI / VERCELLI.
The instrument presents three rotary valves and a little original mouthpiece
with small shank. The total length is 619mm (24.35”) including the mouthpiece. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 74. Sopranino saxhorn in
Eb, branded: RAMPONE / & / CAZZANI / MILANO, and made during the first
decades of 20th century. This instrument was used in Vessellian bands, mainly
in Apulia, to imitate the soprano voice in transcriptions of operas for wind
bands.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 75. Bass trumpet in Bb,
Italian, made of natural brass, dating back to the first decades of 20th
century. On the bell there are the names of the maker: lyre / DITTA / G.
DELL’ANNO & FIGLI / PREMIATA FABBRICA / STRUMENTI MUSICALI / NAPOLI /
five-pointed star and of the owner: Cosimo Arnesano. The instrument shows three
buttons with Perinet machinery and a small original mouthpiece with short
shank. The total length is 638mm (25.1”) including the mouthpiece. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 76. Post horn in Bb,
probably made in Germany, dating back to mid 19th century. This instrument was
provided to coachmen assigned to transport post and people. With it, the
postilions warned to go on board, of their arrival, and they signalled about
the state of the roads and the possible presence of pedestrians. The instrument
is made of three brass volutes with a single central weld joint, the diameter
of the bell is 128mm (5.05”), while the total length with the mouthpiece is
359mm (14.15”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 77. German normaphon in Bb
with rotary valves machinery. The normaphon is a sort of trumpet with curve
bell and the mouthpiece like the saxophone has, created by Richard Oskar Heber
(1872-1938) in Markneukirchen. Between the 1900 and the 1935 he made brass instruments
with the brand Norma-band in Schützenstrasse 36, Markneukirchen, and promoted
the normaphon as something appropriate for 'Jazz-Band und sonstige
Effekt-Kapellen'. About 100 Normaphons were made from 1924-1925 to 1930, and
were distributed though wholesaler like CA Wunderlich in Siebenbrunn, RO Adler,
Johannes Adler and CG Glier in Markneukirchen, Ammon Gläser in Erlbach, and MJ
Kalashen in New York. This is an anonymous instrument but it is almost
certainly attributable to Julius Rudolph, brass maker in Gotha (Thuringia),
who, until 1930, made these instruments with rotary valves machinery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">I. 78. Bass trombone in F marked: ORSI / MILANO.
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">It is nickel-plated, has four Perinet valves and is long mm. 941. The
instrument can be dated to the third quarter of the twentieth century and was
mainly used in military bands.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">I. 79. Military trumpet built
in the third quarter of the twentieth century and marked in an oval: FABBRICA
STRUMENTI MUSICALI / Kalison / MILANO. The instrument has a single piston and
is high mm. 484 without a mouthpiece. Two workers who worked for the firm Bottali,
in 1927, founded the Riboni - Benicchio. In 1953, Mr. Benicchio died and his
son Angelo took over the farm and founded in 1955 the company Kalison, which
continued production until 2005 year when closed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 80. Natural glass trumpet
in G, anonymous but probably produced by Lodelinsart and Chênee glass blowers
in Wallonia (southern Belgium) and dated to the second half of the 19th
century. The instrument looks like a long, almost cylindrical glass tube that
forms four twists, an internal mouthpiece just mentioned and ends in a large,
flattened pavilion. The height of the trumpet is mm. 360, the approximate
length of the mouthpiece to the bell is mm. 233 and this has a diameter of mm.
145.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 81. French piston cornet,
built in the last decade of the nineteenth century. On the bell is engraved:
five medals / in strip Mᴼᴺ MULLERON. RESPAUD / FONDĖE EN 1859 / FOIRNISSEUR
DELL’ARMĖE / CHAPUIS SUCᴿ / 12 PASSAGE DE L’HOTEL DIEU / LYON / / five-pointed
star. Joseph Molleron (1816-1894) was born in Lyon. After a stay in Paris,
where he married in 1840, he returned to Lyon as a musical instruments builder
at 7 rue du Buisson, and then at no. 23 of rue Bonneveaux. Widowed widower,
remarried in 1851 and moved to rue Longue n. 29. In 1859 he created the
Molleron company which will produce mainly brasses. He sold his company around 1888
to Jean Marie Respaud and died in Lyon in 1894. Jean Marie Respaud (1836-1902)
was born in Saint Quirc in Ariège. He was 52 years old when he took over the
Maison Molleron and moved the venue to the 12th passage of the Hotel Dieu in
Lyon. He died in 1902 at age 65 in the Bron. His only daughter Marie Cécile
Respaud born in 1883 was married in 1902 with Marius Chapuis, an employee born
in Lyon in 1876, who at the end of the nineteenth century assumed the
leadership of the house, then became a dealer of musical instruments until his
death, in 1927. The instrument, in E-flat, is in nickel-plated brass, has three
Perinèt pistons and the water key on the general pump.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 82. Trumpet ottavino
(piccolo, sopranino) in B flat, Italian, marked on the bell: MADE IN ITALY /
KALISON and built in 1935 in Milan. These instruments, together with the
trombone in C acute and the small clarinet in B flat, are part of a small
production of Alziati or Bottali, put on sale by Kalison in the '50s and then
taken up in very few specimens in the' 70s. The instrument is in lacquered
brass, it has three Perinèt valves, the pumps are not extractable, it is high,
including the mouthpiece, mm. 267 and the bell has a diameter of mm. 65.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 83. Snake Trumpet, built
in the early decades of the '900. It is branded A. Squaglia / Firenze. Altero
Squaglia author, builder and restorer active in Florence in the first half of
the 900, at a young age, he worked together with Pupeschi, Onerati and other Florentine
builders to then devote himself to the construction of instruments with a
particular design. This is a natural trumpet in B flat, in brass. The length is
cm. 102 while the diameter of the bell is cm. 17. The pipe is barely conical
and has four convexities with alternating semicircles that make it resemble a
snake.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 84. Flugelhorn in F with
three rotating valve dating back to the third quarter of the 19th century. The
instrument is in brass, on the bell there is a silver-plated metal garland on
which there is the trademark: Pr o Stabilimento Musicale / DI / Gius. e Pelitti
Milano. The height is 348 mm. without the mouthpiece while the diameter of the
bell is 130 mm. This instrument is attributable to Giuseppe Pelitti
(1811-1865).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">I. 85. Tenor trombone in B
flat, marked on the bell: five-pointed star / L. ZELWEGER / BIELLA /
five-pointed star. This instrument can be dated to the last decade of the 19th
century. The instrument has three rotating valves. Luigi Zelweger, active in
Biella from 1882 to 1931, was an important band conductor of Occhieppo
Inferiore, publisher and composer of military marches, the most famous of which
is dedicated to Count Carlo Borromeo presented at the National Exhibition in
Milan. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">In 1890 he
founded the "Perfezionata fabbrica di istrumenti musicali in ottone e
legno di Luigi Zelweger" in Biella (Novara), which remained in activity
until 1928. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">In the vast production of this manufacturer there were
saxophones, clarinets, oboes and brasses, plectrum instruments and pianos.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 86. Euphonium in B bem.
hallmarked: Weril / FUNDATA EM 1909 / SÃO PAULO - BRASIL / H 980. The
instrument, datable to the mid-20th century, is made of nickel-plated brass and
has four Perinet valves. The total height is mm. 671 while the bell diameter is
mm. 273. Weril, as a Brazilian company, was founded in 1909 in São Paulo by
Franz Weingrill, an Austrian 'Meister - Blasinstrumentenbau' (Master in the
construction of wind instruments) who taught the trade to his son Pedro
Weingrill. The factory was based in an atelier on Rua Florêncio de Abreu in the
centre of São Paulo and Pedro Weingrill turned it into a 100-year-old family
business that is still active today.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;">I. 87 Natural horn in A
flat, in glass, anonymous. The instrument looks like a long glass tube,
slightly conical, which forms four coils; it has an internal mouthpiece with an
additional coil on the mouthpiece and ends in a conical pavilion. The overall
height is mm. 291, the width of the body with the coils is mm. 110 and this has
a diameter of mm. 70. This instrument mimics smaller versions of the 16th-18th
century brass hunting horns and hunting bugle used in 18th century orchestral
music. Probably built by glassblowers from Lodelinsart and Chênée in Wallonia
(southern Belgium) and datable to the first half of the 19th century. The
Grandchamps glassworks of Chênée (in Walloon Tchinnêye) in the second half of
the 19th century specialized in the production of bottles for thermal water.
The Cour Dejean glassworks in Lodelinsart (Walloon: Lodlinsåt), abandoned, was
transformed into social housing in 1997. From the same manufacture, although
from a later period, is a horn on display at the Met Fifth Avenue in the Crosby
Brown Collection of Musical Instruments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 2. Italian Oboe made
during the first decade of 20th century, branded Romeo Orsi / MILANO. Three
pieces of ebony. The length of the upper body is 231mm (9.1”), the lower body
is 236mm (9.3”), and the bell is 127mm (5”). The instrument has a Prestini
machinery with 14 keys and 5 rings made of nickel silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 4. Czechoslovakian oboe,
beginning of 20th century. The instrument, in C, is made of three pieces of
ebony, all branded Alois Zmitko / Louny. This maker operated in Laun from 1894
to 1933. The instrument, with thirteen silvered keys and two rings, has a strange
shape that recalls the musette with the total length of 57cm (22.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 5. Cor anglais in F with
bent shape, French, in three pieces of painted maple with the upper and the
lower bodies covered with leather and golden decorations. The instrument, 755mm
(29.7”) long without staple, presents three ivory rods and eight keys made of
brass, six of them are hinged on brass mountings and two on mountings obtained
in relief from the wood. The pieces are branded: tower / TRIEBERT / A PARIS.
The instrument is datable to the second decade of 19th century: in fact, in
1804 Georg Ludwig Wihlelm Triébert emigrated to Paris where he made
instruments, soon becoming the most famous and wanted maker of oboes and cor
anglais. The bell, pear-shaped as usual, shows two holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 24. Clarinet in Bb,
Italian, ca. 1915, machinery with Böehm system. Mouthpiece and 4 pieces made of
ebony, with brand: lyre / Giuseppe Thaon / Torino / five-pointed star. 13 keys
and 2 rings made of nickel silver, original case made of wood and leather. Thaon
operated in Turin from 1911 to 1926.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 25. Clarinet in C, Italian,
1920 ca. The instrument, made of ebony, is made of four pieces and the
mouthpiece, all branded: lyre / RAMPONE / MILANO / BREVETTATO / monogram RC,
only on the bell is also carved in oval: A. RAMPONE / Ditte Riunite / B.
CAZZANI. The machinery, with Böehm system, presents 13 keys and two metal
rings. Total length without mouthpiece 518mm (20.4”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 26. Clarinet in A, German,
made in around 1935, Oehler type machinery with 18 keys and 5 rings made of
silver. The instrument is made of 4 ebony pieces and the mouthpiece. All the
pieces have a B than the brand: WURLITZER / FRITZ / ERLBACH V. serial number
185, original case.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 27. Clarinet in Bb made of
ebony by Wenzel Mach during the last years of 19th century. The instrument is
made of ebony, four pieces and the mouthpiece; it presents Müeller machinery
with fourteen keys and two rings made of nickel-plated metal. The brand is: imperial
eagle / W. MACH / CHOTEC / B / lyre. The length is 619mm (24.35”) including
mouthpiece; mouthpiece cover made of wood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 28. Clarinet in Bb, French,
made during the second half of 20th century. Four ebony pieces and the
mouthpiece, branded N / NOBLET / Paris. The instrument has a machinery with
Böehm system with 23 closed-plugging keys. The instrument is 593mm (23.35”)
long without the mouthpiece, while the barrel is 66mm (2.6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 29. Metal clarinet in Bb,
made of nickel-plated brass during the second quarter of 20th century by Beare
& Son, and branded on the bell: EMPIRE SERIES / B & S / TORONTO. The
instrument presents a Böehm system machinery with 15 keys and 6 rings. Mouthpiece
made of ebony branded B & H (Boosey & Hawkes).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 30. A-flat piccolo
clarinet. Italian, first half of 20th century, anonymous maker. Three ebonised
wood pieces: mouthpiece, bell, and body (together with the barrel), keys made
of nickel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 31. Alto clarinet in Eb,
made in Paris by Henry Selmer in mid 20th century. Upper and lower bodies made
of ebony with neck and bell made of nickel-plated brass, machinery with Böehm
system, descending to F#. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 32. Bassett horn in F,
France, 20th century, descending to F. Upper and lower bodies made of ebony
with neck and bell made of nickel-plated brass. Branded on every piece: lyre /
BUFFET / Crampon and Cie. / A PARIS, monogram BC / MADE IN FRANCE. The
instrument presents a Böehm system machinery with 27 nickel-plated metal keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 33. Bass clarinet made of
ebony and silvered metal, first decades of 20th century. The caption impressed
on the bell is: [double-headed eagle in coat of arms] / SOC. AN. / W.
STOWASSER'S SOHNE / PREMIATA E PRIVILEGIATA FABBRICA / DI ISTRUMENTI MUSICALI /
VERONA / VIA MENTANA / [eagle]. The Stowasser manufacturer, with offices in
Graslitz, was opened in 1860 by Wenzel Stowasser’s three sons (from here the
name "SOHNE") and operated until 1945, year when it was expropriated.
Numerous branches where opened, some sort of shops, in many other cities in the
world, in particular in Verona, Italy, from about 1900 till 1941. But the
instruments were always supplied by the mother company. This instrument is
Bohemian: in fact, the manufacturers in the region of Markneukirchen and
Graslitz were much organised and exported the huge production. The instrument,
with three tone holes, shows a Müller machinery with 23 keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 34. Contrabass clarinet, in
Eb, Italy, made in Milan by Orsi during the first half of 20th century.
Entirely made of nickel-plated brass. Brand on the bell: ORSI / MILANO. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 35. Tárogató, Hungary,
1930s. Instrument with a peculiar sound, created by the instrument maker J. V.
Schunda in 1865, for the first performance of Wagner’s Tristan und Isolde.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 37. Italian oboe, made
during the last decades of 19th century, branded: lyre / MAINO & ORSI /
MILANO / monogram MO. Three ebony pieces, French system machinery with thirteen
keys and two rings made of nickel silver, and six holes; original case. The instrument
is identified with the number 124 in 1898 catalogue.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 38. E-flat piccolo
clarinet, made during the second half of 19th century, every piece is branded
METZLER & C° LIM.TD / LONDON. The instrument presents the Albert machinery
with fifteen keys and two rings; it is made of five rosewood pieces including
the mouthpiece and the mouthpiece cover also made of rosewood. The total length
is 475mm (18.7”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 41. Clarinet in Bb,
Italian, made during the second half of 19th century, branded: lyre / F. ROTH /
MILAN / six-petaled flower. The instrument is made of four pieces of ebony
(total length 574mm – 22.6”) and the mouthpiece; it presents a simplified Böehm
system machinery with thirteen keys (one broken) and two rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 42. German clarinet in Bb
made of rosewood, first decades of 20th century. The instrument, made of four
pieces and the mouthpiece, has Albert machinery with fifteen keys and four
rings, and it is 601mm (61 + 199 + 231 + 110) (23.65” = 2.4” + 7.85” + 9.1” + 4.3”)
long without the mouthpiece (Italian, made of ebony, branded sistema brevettato
/ R. ORSI). The brand is: imperial eagle in circle / “KARADL” / SONORA / 18.
This brand was adopted by Oscar Adler until 1928 together with Hermann and Karl
Jordan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 43. Clarinet in Bb, four
pieces, mouthpiece, and mouthpiece cover made of rosewood, branded: six-pointed
star / E. ALBERT / A BRUXELLES / six-pointed star. Eugène Albert (1842 – 1895)
was the founder of a dynasty of musical instrument makers, he was an inventor
and patented numerous instruments; among them, in 1862, the clarinet with
thirteen keys and the machinery that has his name. This instrument, datable to
around 1880, presents Albert machinery but with fifteen keys and two rings, it
is 639mm (25.15”) long, mouthpiece 75mm (2.95”), barrel 51mm (2”), upper body
199mm (7.85”), lower body 217mm (8.55”), bell 97mm (3.8”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 44. Bass clarinet made
during the second decade of 20th century and branded: lyre / in oval F.lli A.
M. Bottali / MILANO just beneath: brand / G. Pelitti while the lower body is
branded by the vendor: five-petaled flower / ARNALDO BORGANI / brand / MACERATA
/ five-petaled flower. The instrument has the upper and the lower bodies made
of ebony while the neck and the bell are made of metal, and it has 22 keys with
three tone hole and Müller machinery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 45. Clarinet in Bb, four
ebony pieces and mouthpiece, branded: lyre / (in oval) P. RONDONI / VERONA /
five-pointed star. Paolo Rondoni was Santucci’s successor and operated in
Verona since 1914 in 15 via Stalla: this instrument is datable to the third
decade of 20th century; it presents a simplified Böehm system machinery with
fourteen keys (one broken) and two rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 46. Clarinet in Bb, four
ebony pieces and mouthpiece, branded on the barrel and on the upper body: lyre
/ (in oval) TITO BELATI / PERUGIA / five-pointed star / BREVETTATO while the
lower body and the bell are branded lyre / (in oval) F.lli A. M. Bottali / MILANO.
Tito Belati operated in Perugia branding the instruments by Rampone &
Cazzani from the second half of 19th century. This instrument is datable to the
second decade of 20th century. The instrument presents the simplified Böehm
system machinery with fourteen keys (three broken) and two rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 47. Clarinet in Bb, four
ebony pieces and mouthpiece, branded: lyre / in oval F.lli A. M. BOTTALI /
MILANO. Antonio Bottali succeeded to Ferdinando Roth in 1898 and managed the
manufacturer keeping, during a short period of time, the brand: “Ditta Ferd.
Roth Flli. A.M. Bottali", later a branch was opened at the address: Succ.,
6 Piazza Andrea Doria. The Bottalis, in addition to Ferdinando Roth’s
manufacturer, took over Luigi Alziati’s and Giuseppe Pelitti’s manufacturers.
This instrument is datable to the second decade of 20th century. It shows the
simplified Böehm system machinery with fourteen keys (one broken) and two
rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 48. Clarinet in Bb, four
ebony pieces and mouthpiece, branded: five-pointed star / (in oval) BUFFET /
Crampon and Cie. / A PARIS / five-pointed star. The instrument presents the
simplified Böehm system machinery with thirteen keys (two broken) and two
rings, it was made during the second half of 19th century; it is 565mm (22.25”)
long without mouthpiece and the wood presents a fine pale fiddleback.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 49. Clarinet in Bb, four
pieces and mouthpiece made of Plexiglas with metal keys, branded: V. Kohlert’s / Sons / Graslitz / Bb /
five-pointed star. The instrument presents the Böehm system machinery, with
fourteen keys and six rings. This instrument was made in 1940 by Rudolf,
Daniel, and Franz Josef Kohlert, Vincent’s sons, and was used in Rommel’s
fanfare in Afrikakorps band.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 50. Clarinet in Bb, four
ebony pieces and mouthpiece, branded on the barrel and on the upper body: lyre
/ (in oval) PARISI / TORINO / five-pointed star. This instrument is datable to
the second decade of 20th century. The instrument presents the simplified Böehm
system machinery with fourteen keys and two rings. Silvio Parisi was a vendor
for Rampone & Cazzani manufacturer and traded until 1930.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 51. Bass grand clarone
(bass clarinet) in Bb, branded: six-pointed flower / MALDURA / MILANO /
six-pointed flower / BREVETTO / Si b. This instrument, made in around 1880 by
Alessandro Maldura, operating from 1850 to 1914, who patented the bass grand
clarone in Eb, has a Böehm machinery with seventeen keys (two missing) and a
ring made of nickel-plated metal, it is made of two rosewood pieces, neck, and
metal bell (probably not original).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 52. Alto clarinet in Eb,
made in Milan by Orsi during the second decade of 20th century. The body is
made of two ebony pieces; on them the brand is impressed: coat of arms of Savoy
/ (in oval) Prof. ROMEO ORSI / Milano / trade (two bears) mark / ESPORTAZIONE
MONDIALE, the neck and the bell are made of nickel-plated brass and on the last
is impressed: coat of arms of Savoy / DITTA / Prof. ROMEO ORSI / PREMIATA E
PRIVILEGIATA FABBRICA / DI IINSTRUMENTS MUSICALI / Milano – Italia / trade (two
bears) mark / ESPORTAZIONE MONDIALE. Machinery with Böehm system, descending to
F# with eighteen keys and one ring.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 54. Clarinet in Bb, four
ebony pieces and the mouthpiece, branded on the barrel and on the upper body:
five-pointed star / L. ZELWEGER / BIELLA / five-pointed star. This instrument
is datable to the second decade of 20th century. The instrument presents the simplified
Böehm system machinery with fifteen keys and two rings. Luigi Zelweger,
operating in Biella from 1882 to 1931, was an important band conductor and
composer of military marches, the most known is dedicated to Conte Carlo
Borromeo and was presented at the Esposizione Nazionale in Milan. In 1890 he
founded the instrument factory with the same name, operating until 1928. In the
wide production of this maker there were also saxophones and brass instruments.
Nowadays his instruments are become very rare.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 55. Contrabass clarinet in
Bb descending to D, made of metal in the shape of a paperclip, French, made in
1950s. In 1902 Georges Leblanc took over the Noblet factory and, just after the
First World War, together with his son Léon organised the G. Leblanc Cie. as a
experimental laboratory for the acoustic research and for the development of
new materials and more accurate production methods. Between the third and the
fourth decade of the century, he made metal paperclip clarinets, an octobass,
three octoaltos, some contrabasses, and some contra-altos. This instrument has
serial number 259, that is it has been made in 1940s, the brand on the bell is
LEBLANC / PARIS on the lyre inscribed in a rhombus. The range is the same of a
contrabassoon with the lower note as a piano; machinery with Böehm system. The
instrument is made of nickel-plated brass, the four separable pieces are: bell,
barrel, upper body, and lower body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 58. Clarinet in Bb, model
Wonder, double-chambered, entirely made of silvered nickel with keys and rings
made of golden nickel silver, made of two pipes: the exterior reproduce the
shape of a wooden clarinet while the interior the real bore. Double-chambered
instruments were created to go along with the need of the musicians who used to
play wooden instruments and were reluctant to play little metal clarinets. On
the bell there is the brand in a laurel wreath: MADE BY / C G CONN / ELKHART /
IND. with serial number # 2471 that allows to date it back to 1896. The
instrument is made of four pieces and presents an Albert machinery with
fourteen keys and two rings; it is 570mm (22.45”) high without mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 59. Italian oboe, branded:
<coat of arms of Savoy > / (in oval) PROF. ROMEO ORSI / MILANO / TRADE
<two bears> MARK / ESPORT. MONDIALE. The instrument, in three ebony
pieces, is 603mm (23.75”) long and presents a machinery with sixteen keys, two
rings, and three free holes. The making is datable to the third decade of 20th
century because, at Romeo’s death, his son Lorenzo used the brand Prof. R.
Orsi.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 60. Italian oboe branded:
coat of arms of Milan / (in oval) MAINO E ORSI / MILANO / monogram MO / PROF.
ORSI. Paolo Maino and Romeo Orsi worked together from 1880 to Maino’s death in
1902. Later, the brand was maintained till 1918. The instrument, datable to
around the first decade of 20th century, is made of three ebony pieces; it is
564mm (22.2”) long and presents sixteen keys, three rings, and two free holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 61. French oboe, made in
around 1960, in three grenadilla pieces, 603mm (23.75”) long; it is branded F.
LORÉE / five-pointed star / PARIS serial number ZZ79. The Lorée manufacturer
was founded by François Lorée, worker for the famous Triebért manufacturer, at
Triebért’s death. Since then it is synonym of perfection and competence in
making oboes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 62. French oboe in three
ebony pieces, branded: “ FRANCE “ / S <anchor> C / in oval SIOUR /
Chapelan / PARIS / monogram FC. Fernand Chapelan was the successor of Godfroy
Aîné and operated in La Couture between 1890 and 1917. This instrument presents
a simplified machinery with eleven simple keys, one double key, and three
rings, and it is 561mm (22.1”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 63. Bass clarinet with
double body made in around 1890 by Agostino Rampone entirely of silvered metal
and made of two pipes: the exterior reproduces the shape of a wooden clarinet
and the interior the real bore of metal instruments. Double-chambered instruments
were patented by Agostino Rampone (1843 - 1897) in 1879 to go along with the
need of the musicians who used to play wooden instruments and were reluctant to
play thinner metal instruments. Rampone made all the instruments of woodwind
family with the technique of double chamber, but only the flutes and the
clarinets were well received. The bass clarinets were made in a very low
number. This instrument has: A. Rampone / Milano carved on the bell and on the
upper body, and on the lower body the number 12370. The instrument, in four
pieces and mouthpiece made of ebony, presents the machinery with Böehm system
with 22 keys and three tone holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 64. Clarinet in Bb,
Italian, branded on the bodies and on the bell: lyre / INDUST. ITAL. / ISTRUM.
MUSIC. / CASTELNUOVO S. / five-pointed star, the case is branded: SOCIETA'
ANONYMOUS / INDUSTRIA ITALIANA ISTRUMENTI MUSICALI / (S.A.I.M.) / QUARNA NOVARA
while the barrel, not original, is branded: ten-petaled flower / RAMPONE /
MILANO / BREVETTATO / lyre. The clarinet comes from the manufacturer founded in
Castelnuovo Scrivia by Mario Gilardi with some "deserters" of the
Rampone in Quarna, which had short life with the name SAIIIM. It had their own
catalogue and traded on their own. The instrument is datable to 1933 during the
short time in Quarna, before the final bankruptcy, and it is testified by the
brand. Later (1934), the equipments were taken over by Alfredo Rampone who
branded with his name. This instrument, with Böehm system machinery, is made of
four ebony pieces (the barrel is branded Borgani) and the mouthpiece; it has
seventeen keys and five rings, and it is 618mm (24.35”) long without mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 65. Oboe made of metal
branded on the bell MOENNIG, serial number 6266, made by Gebrüder Mönnig, Hans
and Fritz (1875 - 1950), who from 1928 to 1950 established a big instrument
manufacturer specialised in making clarinets, oboes, and bassoons made of metal
or Plexiglas. The instrument has a “French” machinery with four rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 66. Oboe d’amore, French,
in A, branded: BREVETE / tower with three battlements / TRIEBERT / A PARIS. The
tower with only three battlements dates back the instrument, made by Frédéric
Triebert (1813-1878), Guillame’s son, between 1843 and 1848. The oboe is made
of three rosewood pieces, 657 (25.85”) long without staple. On the bell there
is a sound hole, there are fifteen keys, three rings, a single hole, and a
double hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 67. Alto saxophone,
Italian, made during the first quarter of 20th century, branded: Five-pointed
star / lyre / premiato stabil / A RAMPONE / MILANO / Esportazione Mondiale /
Five-pointed star / A. RAMPONE / B. CAZZANI / 635. The instrument is made of
brass and presents 23 keys and a double tone hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 68. Baritone saxophone,
French, made in around 1885 by Arsène Zoë Lecomte. This maker, operating in
Paris from 1859 to 1892, was honoured with many rewards, among all the Legion
of Honour (1888) for having applied the Böehm system to saxophone keys and the
insertion of the double tone hole. The instrument, in Eb, is branded on the
bell: A. Lecomte & Cie / Paris / 3518, it is entirely made of brass and
presents 17 keys with double tone hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 69. Alto saxophone Chu
Berry in C, branded: MADE BY / CONN / ELKHART ltd / IND. U.S.A. while the
serial number is: PATD DECB. 1914 / 119954 / 131912 / L, dating it back to
1924. This instrument, made of nickel-plated brass presents an automatic tone
hole and a particularly warm and deep sound suitable for jazz music.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 70. Alto saxophone in Eb
made during the fourth decade of 20th century, branded: A. RAMPONE / QUARNA
NOVARA, serial number 10083, instrument made by Alfonso Rampone, the cousin of
the more famous Agostino, who from 1932 to 1974 established one of his manufacturers
in Quarna. He made high quality instruments (exportation model) almost all
intended to exportation in USA, Australia, and New Zealand. This instrument,
made of nickel-plated brass, with the interior of the bell that is chromed, is
made of high quality brass, body in "tombac" (brass with high
percentage of copper). Silver-plated keys, body, and bell. Gold-plated inner
bell, 24 kt. Carved and hand-wrought bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 71. Tenor sax branded: 225
/ Millerau & Cie Brevetes / 29, Rue des Trois, Bornes Paris / Esposition
Universelle 1867 / 1° Medaille. François Millerau worked for Besson till 1861,
than worked on his own and the next year took over Sax’s patent for the production
of saxophones, bringing about, in 1887, some variations known as Millerau
system. This instrument, datable to 1870, is made of nickel-plated brass, it
has a double tone hole and 17 keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 72. Tenor sax branded:
DOLNET / PARIS. The serial number 88667 M70 dates it back to 1975 M70 series.
The instrument, made of lacquered brass, presents twenty-four keys and the
automatic tone hole, and the bell points towards the player’s left.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 73. Soprano sax in Bb
branded: six-pointed star / P. PUPESCHI & F / FIRENZE / six-pointed star.
The instrument is datable to the second decade of 20th century. Pupo Pupeschi
[Marti (Pisa) 1860, Florence 1932] opened an instrument manufacturer in
Florence in around 1885 in Via del Giglio, then his sons Renato and Aldo worked
with him and in 1920 he had about 50 workers. Many patents are linked to his
name, for changes in woodwinds machinery, in particular clarinets, and he often
sold his patents to important foreign makers, like Mahillon, Hawkes & Son,
or Vinzent Kohlert & Söhne. Aldo associated in the name P.Pupeschi &
figlio and he continued the enterprise after 1932. In 1928 the manufacturer was
moved, with about 35 workers, to 80 Via Corridoni where it was closed in 1957.
The sax is made of nickel-plated brass and presents the double tone hole. The
mouthpiece is not original.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 74. Curved clarinet of
metal, in Bb, made in around 1930. The brand on the bell is: PEDLER / AMERICAN
/ ELKHART IND. Serial number 35853. Pedler manufacturer was founded in 1919 by
Harry Walter Pedler (born in England in 1872 and dead in 1950 in Elkhart). He
worked for Rudall Carte & Co. till 1905, and then moved to Elkhart where he
worked for Conn. In 1916, Harry Pedler founded in Elkhart, with Gronert, the
American Manufacturing Company. In 1919, after Gronert’s death, Harry Pedler
changed the name of manufacturer into Harry Pedler Co. and operated until 1936.
The instrument has a rightward curve like horns have; it presents a machinery
with Böehm system with 17 keys and 5 rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 75. Clarinet in A
(saxonette) branded in oval: M. Schier / O. Hohenelbe. Hohenelbe (nowadays
Hořejší Vrchlabí in Czech Republic) is in Riesengebirge, near the source of the
river Elbe, and Schier was a vendor who branded instruments produced in
Germany. The instrument is datable to mid 19th century, it has the 454mm
(17.85”) long body made of ebony, the neck and the bell made of brass, and the
mouthpiece branded G. Mollenhauer / & Söhne / Cassel. The machinery has ten
metal keys, six holes, and, embossed, the hole for the right little finger. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 76. E-flat piccolo
clarinet, made in around 1850, every piece is branded monogram SL / LEFÉVRE /
PARIS / BREVETĖ / five-petaled flower. Simon Lefévre succeded in 1844 to
François, who, since 1812, managed the manufacturer with the same name. This,
in 1855, was ceded to Noblet. The instrument presents the Müller machinery with
thirteen keys and two rings, it is made of four rosewood pieces and the
mouthpiece, made of ebony, is branded Maino & Orsi. The total length is
478mm (18.8”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 77. Italian clarinet in A,
branded: diapason on laurel leaves / RAMPONE / MILANO / BREVETTATO / monogram
ER. The instrument, made of ebonised rosewood, presents a Böehm system
machinery with fifteen keys and two rings. It has a total length of 706mm
(27.8”), the barrel is 66mm (2.6”), the upper body is 208mm (8.2”), the lower
body is 254 (10”), and the bell is 101mm (3.95”). Egidio Rampone (1872-1937)
succeeded his father Agostino in 1897 till 1912 when associated with Cazzani
later marrying his daughter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">J. 78. Contrabassoon of “Premiata Fabbrica
Italiana Istrumenti Musicali Edoardo Sioli Milano” lyre / E. SIOLI / MILANO /
five-pointed star. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The instrument is datable to the third decade of
20th century and it was played in RAI Orchestra in Milan by Prof. Freschi
Mario. The instrument is made of red maple, it is descending to C so it has the
wooden bell upwards, moreover it presents twenty metal keys, three curves, and
a long bocal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 79. anonymous Tárogató,
Hungarian, built in the early decades of the twentieth century for a
left-handed player. The peculiarity of this instrument is the inversion of the
right hand keys with those of the left so that the player uses the right for
the top piece and the left hand to the lower one. The instrument is etched
fruit of wood, has three ferrules keys and ten (five for the upper body and
five for the lower one) of brass. The mouthpiece is probably not original and
the bell presents ten soundholes including one particularly large. Total length
without mouthpiece is mm. 673.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 80. Italian bassoon
branded: E. SIOLI / MILANO / five-petaled flower, datable to second decade of
20th century. The instrument is made of varnished maple; it shows French
machinery with five holes and twenty one metal keys some of which are blocked
by cork pieces. The dimensions are: 433mm (17.05”) for the boot, 529mm (20.8”)
for the longest piece, 469mm (18.45”) for the wing, and 362mm (14.25”) for the
bell. Edoardo Sioli was the most important Italian bassoon and contrabassoon
make during the early 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 81. Italian bass saxophone
in Bb branded: coat of arms of Savoy / PRIMARIA / PREMIATA FABBRICA / Fᴸᴸᴵ A.
M. BOTTALI / MILANO / (ITALIA) / seven-pointed asterisk / MARCA / FERDᴼ ROTH.
The instrument is made of nickel-plated brass. It has the original mouthpiece
and a double back hole. It descends to B. Antonio Bottali replaced Ferdinando
Roth in 1898 keeping the brand Bottali and Roth for some years, so this
instrument is datable between the end of 19th century and the first years of
20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 82. Chalumeau tenor in C,
popular, anonymous, dated to the second half of the eighteenth century. It is a
single reed instrument with seven holes front and one behind, has the extension
divided into two scales: the basic sounds and the other harmonics, in two
different shades (C, G) that were obtained by means of a greater pressure lips
on the reed. This family consisted of four types (soprano, alto, tenor, bass)
for a total extension of only three octaves. The use of Chalumeau was born in
France and then spread to Germany by the end of the seventeenth century when
the manufacturer of woodwind instruments Johann Christian Denner (Leipzig 1655,
Nuremberg 1707) introduced the transformations on the instrument that led to
the birth of the clarinet. The instrument has an internal cylindrical bore,
widened only in the final stretch. The total length is mm. 651, the mouthpiece,
of coarse workmanship and very thick, is long mm. 107 while the diameter of the
bell is mm. 52. The upper part of the body has a ring made of bone while in the
bottom remains a golden frieze. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 83. Russian bassoon,
French, dating from the fourth decade of the nineteenth century, in C, built in
maple with six holes and three keys, two rings, and brass bell. The breech is
high mm. 344, the top piece and the wing mm. 275, there is a long bore of mouthpiece
with two lugs and a zoomorphic bell (dragon-shaped head Windsucker) for total
of mm. 1045. All parts and dials are marked: Vᵉ Sautermeister / & / Muller
/ Lyon. This factory was active from 1830 to 1836. The Russian bassoon is the
most picturesque among the bass cornett, equaling the visual interest of the
serpent d’église, it is a military tool that often features a fire-breathing
dragon's head painted on its bell. The instrument, invented around 1780 by J.J.
Regibo in Lille, consists of four or five sections similar to those of the
conventional bassoon, a conical internal bore, a dragon's head but has a brass
mouthpiece. The term Russian bassoon (Russian Basson) is thought to be a
linguistic evolution of "Prusse Bassoon" caused by the use of the
instrument between the Prussian military bands. The instrument was popular in
France and Belgium with a group of manufacturers centered in Lyon including
Couturier, Cuvillier, Dubois, Savary, Galander, Jeantet, Sautermeister, and
Tabard.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">J. 84. Bass clarinet built in
the third decade of the twentieth century, marked: RAMPONE / CAZZANI / MILANO
only on the final part of the lower body that was probably intended to be sold
by a stencil. The instrument has the upper and lower body in ebony while neck
and bell are metallic and has 23 keys and the </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Böehm</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">
mechanics.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 85. Bass saxophone in SI
bem branded engraved on the bell: PROF. / ROMEO / ORSI / MILANO / ITALY. The
instrument has automatic spokesperson, it has the Böehm system, 22 keys, down
to B flat, ascending to the F # and is lacquered. No serial number but can be
dated to the third quarter of the twentieth century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 86. Piccolo clarinet in B
flat. brass, stamped on the bell: MADE IN ITALY / KALISON. The brand seems
inconsistent because Kalison has never produced clarinets. Similar instruments
were built by Luigi Alziati at the end of the nineteenth century, but they were
sold very few copies. The companies of Alziati and Roth were detected, in the
early '900 by Antonio Bottali. In 1927, one of his former employee, Battista
Benicchio, founded the Riboni - Benicchio; in 1953 he was succeeded by his son
Angelo in company until 1955, when it closed the Riboni-Benicchio and founded
the Kalison company. You would think that would have been an old stock, old
Alziati instruments, then branded Kalison. This instrument has eight keys (one
missing), and two rings: it is a system model Albert simplified, compared to
the traditional clarinet with 13 keys and two rings, allows you to put your
fingers on the instrument without much trouble. Total length without the
mouthpiece, it is mm. 294. The clarinets in piccolos metal are relatively rare
although, in the first half of the nineteenth century, some models were
manufactured in Austria and France (in F) by the manufacturer of Lyon
Sautermeister.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 87. Rothphone bass in Bb,
double-reed, built in brass, invented by Ferdinando Roth (1815-1898) around
1870, but constructed and patented by his son-in-law, Antonio Bottali, who
worked with him. He took the factory in 1898 at the death of Ferdinand by
adopting the brand Roth & Bottali. The rothphones family (soprano, alto,
tenor, baritone and bass) was presented by the brothers Amedeo and Mario
Bottali, sons of Antonio, in 1911 at the International Music Congress of Rome.
Subsequently these instruments were produced from 1937 to 1940 by ORSI of Milan
under the name of saxorusophons. This specimen can be dated to 1896 (from
serial number 21) and is marked:
BREVETTO / BOTTALI / PREMIATA
FABBRICA / FERDᴼ ROTH / MILANO / 21. The instrument is nickel plated, has the
"automatic" spokesman, nineteen keys, descends to Bb and the
insufflation cannula suitable for supporting a double reed similar to that of
the sarrusophon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 88. Grafton Alto Sax,
serial number 11108 that allows us to date it to 1953. The instrument, in
E-flat, has 21 brass keys plus the spokesman on the neck, it is branded: MADE
IN / ENGLAND and PATENT NO. 604, 407 - 604, 418 / U. S. PAT.2471290 2551177 and
presents the Perspex mouthpiece. The coverage of the last three keys of the
bell is damaged. The Grafton alto saxophone was an injection-molded acrylic
plastic with metal keys and neck, manufactured in London by Grafton and later
by "John E. Dallas & Sons Ltd". Designed by Ettore (Hector)
Sommaruga, an Italian who lived in London, the saxophone takes its name from
"Grafton Way", the street where its store was located in the early
50s. The basic design of the saxophone was patented at the end of 1945, the
specifications of the provisional patents (604,407 and 604,418) were requested
on September 14, 1945 and a non-working prototype was shown for the first time
in 1946. The choice of an acrylic plastic such as perspex was motivated by the
much lower cost compared to brass and the ease of production rather than the
improvement of the tonal qualities. Sommaruga did not have the necessary
funding to complete the project but obtained financial support from Geoffrey
Hawkes (from Boosey and Hawkes) and John E. Dallas. The instrument was finally
sold to the public in 1950 at a price of £ 55, about half the cost of a
conventional saxophone at the time. Hector left the company of Dallas in 1953
and moved to France where he ran a motel until his death in 1985. The company
continued to produce saxophones until 1967. A prototype of tenor was also
built, but its dimensions went beyond plastic production technology then
available and a line of clarinets, but these had serious intonation
difficulties and were rejected by the market. The production ended after about
ten years, however some last examples were assembled from residual parts around
1967. All the tools, machineries and masks necessary to manufacture the Grafton
were sold for scrap and subsequently destroyed in 1968. The marketing
literature of the time described the Grafton as a "poem of the sounds in
ivory and gold" for the very particular appearance conferred by the
Italian style of the 50s and for the ivory body with brass reflections. The
serial number on a Grafton appears in an unusual position: it is impressed on
the main body of the saxophone (and highlighted in black) in the front, about 2
cm above the first front key that is operated by the left hand. The Grafton
saxophone, despite the notoriety acquired by its use by Charlie Parker and
Ornette Coleman, has never taken off among professionals due to a number of
reasons: the acrylic plastic used for the body is fragile and can easily break
or break away during normal use. Not only that, the Grafton used a non-standard
spring mechanism to operate the keys and the spare parts were not readily
available. The best-known Grafton player was Charlie Parker. In Toronto, May
1953, Charlie Parker and his quintet had to perform at Massey Hall, but Parker
had engaged his saxophone. A Grafton representative (or the owner of the
company, depending on the source) offered Parker a Grafton for that concert.
Parker (credited as Charlie Chan because of contract issues) was fascinated by
the "rough sound" and "spongy" mechanics of this Grafton
and recorded "Jazz at Massey Hall" with Bud Powell, Dizzy Gillespie,
Charles Mingus and Max Roach, even if through a low fidelity registration. The
Grafton saxophone used by Parker (serial number 10265, therefore always in
1953) was sold by Christie's auction house in London in September 1994 for £
93,500 pounds. The buyer was the American Jazz Museum, located in the hometown
of Parker, in Kansas City, Missouri. Other famous saxophonists who used this
instrument are John Dankworth, Ade Monsbourgh, David Bowie and Florian
Trübsbach.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 90. Clarinet in B flat,
Italian, datable to the first decade of the twentieth century, marked on the
upper body: tuning fork on laurel leaves / RAMPONE / MILANO / BREVETTATO /
monogram AT while on the final part of the lower body and on the bell there is
the mark: RAMPONE / CAZZANI / MILANO. The ebony instrument features six-hole,
Müller mechanism, fourteen keys and two rings. It has a total length of mm.
670, the barrel is mm. 63, the upper piece of mm. 182, the lower piece of mm.
238 and the bell of mm. 114.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 93. Double bass clarinet in
B flat, metal, built around 1926 and marked on the bell: STAB. MUSIC. /
DESIDERA / VERONA. Serial number 5942. Leonildo Desidera began working in
Novara as a maker of musical instruments. From 1925 he moved, with his sons,
first to Mantova and then to Verona, in via Zanella 1. He used Stowasser models
and then changed the brand to Desidera e figli. This instrument, currently in
disuse but widely used in the marching bands of the 50s, was placed at the
centre of the band, together with the bass sax and the reed contrabass,
allowing the first rows of clarinets to hear the bass. The mechanism is Böehm
type simplified to 20 keys descending to D bem and has a height of mm. 1464.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 94. Metal Piccolo Clarinet
in E flat, built by Halari around 1823. The instrument is alto mm high. 478
plus the mouthpiece (not original). It features a thirteen-key Böehm mechanism,
two rings and six holes. The body, the bell and the upper part of the barrel
are in nickel-plated brass while the keys and the lower part of the barrel are
in chromed brass. There is no stamped mark but a scroll with the inscription:
Clairon mètallique ou Clarinette cuivre inventé par Halari. Cet instrument a
appartenu à la Sarde Royal 1823 (metal horn or brass clarinet invented by
Halari. This instrument belonged to the Sarde Royal 1823). Jean Halaire Asté
(1775-1840), in 1804, opened a musical instrument factory in Paris, rue de
Malte 12, under the pseudonym of Halari or Halary, immediately enjoying great
success and earning numerous awards for the construction of flutes, metal
clarinets and copper bassoon. Its patents include: "clavi-tube",
"quinti-clave", "ophicléide" and "clairon métallique".
In 1825 he was succeeded by Jean Louis Antoine (1788 - 1861) by moving the
factory to rue Mazarine 37.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 96. Curved soprano sax in B
flat, hallmarked: UNIVERSEL / SAVANA / PARIS / 137. This saxophone was made in
the last decade of the 19th century by Raymond Maurice Dubois. He produced
instruments in the Maison DuBois & Couturier which, in 1875, was bought by
Pelisson freres & Cie. Until the beginning of the First World War, Dubois
continued to produce instruments under the Savana brand name. The instrument
has an 18-key mechanism with a double tone hole for the left thumb, a bell
pointing vertically upwards and a single body up to the mouthpiece, thus
without a detachable neck. It was made by the Universal company in Paris,
France, and bears the Savana model name. It descends to B, and rises to the
high F: this was a fairly common feature of vintage French saxophones of the
time as was the lack of rollers and mother-of-pearl on the keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 3. Turkish crescent,
French, made in around mid 19th century for the French town of Chevrières, 50km
(31.05mi) far from Paris. It is entirely made of brass and has on the top the
writing Chevrières, from the top to the bottom there is a brass decoration in the
shape of a bloom, then a lyre with two small bells, a little pagoda painted red
with a sphere under it and much under a support in shape of a boat with 10
bells and 2 little stars, and, at the sides, two fabric pieces with a “C” on
them. These instruments are part of marching bands performing “Turkish music”
with typical percussions of Ottoman military bands.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 7. Military drum, French,
made during the reign of Napoleon III. The two wooden hoops are painted, the
upper is black and the lower is blue. The shell is made of copper while the
snare strainer for the snare (a twine on the lower membrane) is made of brass.
The snare is made of a double gut string that lands the sound a greater
brilliance, doubling the vibrations, and giving the sound of the octave. The
dimensions are: diameter 38cm (14.95”), height 27cm (10.6”). A string put
between the two hoops and nine tension rods allow to tight the membranes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 8. Snare drum, Italian,
second half of 19th century. Copper shell, original leathers, and 6 tension
rods with butterflies vaguely recalling the fleur-de-lis. The tension screw and
the snare on the lower leather are missing. The drum is 165mm (6.5”) high, and
its diameter is 320mm (12.6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 9. Sistrum of a military
band in Gloucestershire (England), beginning of 20th century. This
metallophone, similar to the xylophone, is often used in military bands
because, thanks to a harness, can be carried in parade. This instrument has a
wooden sound box, a cast iron armor, and 25 metal bars with a range of two
octaves (from A3 to A5).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 10. Turkish cymbal for
marching band made of brass, diameter 324mm (12.75”), branded ZILDJAN & CIE
/ CONSTANTINOPLE. Handle with a leather strap. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 11. Tubular bells for wind
band, used by the marching band of Squinzano (Lecce) since 1926. The bells are
eight (from C4 to C5), made of metal tubes with outer diameter measuring 19mm
(0.75”) and an inner diameter measuring 17mm (0.65”). The lengths of the bells
are: 618mm (24.35”), 584mm (33”), 550mm (21.65”), 527mm (20.75”), 497mm
(19.55”), 473mm (18.6”), 445mm (17.1”), 430mm (16.9”) and they are contained in
a metal support together with the wooden hammer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 12. Gong for band used by
the marching band of Squinzano (Lecce) since 1926. The instrument, anonymous,
is made of a lenticular brass disk with diameter measuring 430mm (19.6”) and it
is inserted in a metal support. The stick is made of wood with a cover made of
pink fabric.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 13. Snare drum for marching
bands, anonymous, datable between the end of 19th century and the beginning of
20th century, used by Apulian marching bands. The two membranes are broken. The
frame is made of pale wood while the borders and the four tension rods, with
butterfly screws, are made of brass.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 16. Anonymous bass drum,
built in the second half of the twentieth century and used in Salento bands.
The instrument has two synthetic skins and five non-original rods. The frame is
made of bent beech wood cm. 33, presents two vent holes and a handle for
transportation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 17. Italian kettledrum
dating back to the first quarter of the twentieth century. The boiler is made
of hand-wrought copper with a diameter of mm. 700 on which a donkey skin is
stretched. The support is made of iron and has at its bottom the three feet and
the intonation screw from which two support orders consist of five arms
respectively, which by anchoring the first to the boiler and the second to the
tension of the skin, allow to vary the tension of the skin. The instrument is
high overall mm. 831.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 20. Small Italian
kettledrum, built at the end of the 18th century. The boiler is made of
hand-beaten copper while the supports and the six lateral triangular-shaped
studs are made of brass. The tension of the leather is obtained by the iron
hoop pulled by the six square-forged brass bolts that are tightened by an iron
T-wrench. The instrument is screwed onto an iron support with three feet for a
height of mm. 818, the diameter of the boiler is mm. 492 including the iron
hoop for a depth of mm. 329, the vent hole is small and slightly lateral.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 22. Turkish crescent used
in the fanfare of the Foreign Legion, made entirely of brass. It dates from the
Second Empire 1852 - 1860. The hat is shaped like the roof of a small pagoda
and has several metal rods with rattles and bells hanging from the edge and
end. The instrument consists of a wooden handle covered with leather, inside
there is a spring to dampen the shocks when playing. The lower rattle stand is
crescent-shaped, with the tips pointing upwards and supports sixteen bells.
Above is a lyre-shaped structure with four bells surmounted by a globe. Above
is an eight-sided hat-shaped rattle stand with sixteen bells, on the apex of
which is a crescent. The dimensions are:
total height mm. 1512, width of the lower rattle mm. 135, diameter of the upper
rattle mm. 268, diameter of the globe mm. 125. Bells not original.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
</div>
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-54276205767142261182017-01-10T15:00:00.055-08:002023-11-15T09:00:18.500-08:00MUSICA POPOLARE<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">A. 4. Tympanon recreated starting from a Magna
Graecia terracotta representing a maenad with a tympanon, second half of 3rd
century B.C., found in Taranto in 1959 and inventoried in Taranto
Archaeological National Museum with the number 114302. The instrument has a
diameter 445mm (17.5”) wide; the frame is made of two beech wood bands which
are 4mm (0.15”) wide and 51mm (2”) high. The goat kid leather is tanned with
natural techniques.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">B. 14. Anonymous folk three-stringed double bass
from East Europe (Romania?). The belly is made of fir, ribs and back are made
of plywood, prop planking on the boards, neck made of beech wood, ebonised
fingerboard. The machinery is made of brass, iron or wood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">C. 41. Ukulele-stick, rare and unusual instrument,
built in the first quarter of the twentieth century in Spain. The instrument,
anonymous, is a stick with horizontal handle, tip with rubber end but with the
central part of the stem shaped like a small ukulele. The body is made of a
single piece of wood, from the handle to the resonating chamber, excavated
without the bands, with a maximum width of 122 mm and a height of 25 mm. The
diapason is 423 mm, the diameter of the circular hole, surrounded by a silver
metal ring, is 34 mm. The overall height of the stick is 898 mm: the tip is 210
and the handle 98 for a horizontal part of 126. The handle is carved in the
shape of a bird with a large beak and it is linked to it, with a strip of
leather, the key for tuning. The instrument has four strings (G, C, E, A) with
the pegbox, arranged towards the tip, which shows four square-headed
pirouettes. The nut is made of bone while the bridge is metallic; on the neck
there are sixteen metal frets<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 1. Neapolitan lyre-mandolin; body, ribs, and
bowlback, with 28 staves, are made of rosewood; neck, fingerboard, and
headstock are made of walnut, nut and butterflies of the machinery are made of
ivory, sound board of fir with pickguard of tortoiseshell, oval sound hole
surrounded by a decorations of ebony and mother of pearl. Inside there are two
title blocks, the first in Latin with the caption FRATRES CALACE NEAPOLI /
FECERUNT 1897 and the signature. The second, in Italian, with the awards won
and, in an oval, the caption: Flli CALACE / Napoli / (Italia) / via Quercia 5
and 5.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 2. Neapolitan mandola, end of 19th century,
most presumably from Vinaccia lute shop, head made of walnut, screw pegs made
of ivory, fingerboard and bridge of ebony, back with 31 staves of rosewood,
oval hole, board made of fir with pickguard and borders made of tortoiseshell
and mother of pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 3. Neapolitan mandolin, anonymous (Calace?),
early 20th century, head and neck made of walnut, restored machinery, back of
walnut with 21 staves, oval hole, board of fir not varnished, pickguard and
borders of rosewood and mother of pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 4. Neapolitan mandolin made in Mario Casella
manufacturer in Catania during the first twenty years of 20th century. The
instrument, particularly refined, has a bowlback made of 29 rosewood staves
with maple purfling, counter-rib of maple and rosewood, neck and head made of
walnut, the ebony fingerboard continues till the sound hole, it has 28 metal
frets. The sound board is made of fir and had, on the borders, an elegant
decoration made of rosewood and mother of pearl, and, inside, a second
decoration of mother of pearl on ebony, decoration reported on the sound hole;
the pickguard is made of ebony with an application of mother of pearl
representing the muse of music. The first of two title blocks has the caption:
Musikhaus / Siegrefried / Stanberg / GRAZ 1, NEUTHORGASSE; from the
manufacturer of the Austrian city in which it was commercialised. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The second, in Italian, has the
caption: PREMIATA FABBRICA DI STRUMENTI MUSICALI A CORDA ED ACCESSORI / [CROWN]
/ M [LYRE] C / [medal] GRAND PRIX Esposizione Mondiale Torino 1917 MARCA
DEPOSITATA [medal] MEDAGLIA D’ORO / MARIO CASELLA / della disciolta ditta F.lli
M & C CASELLA / CATANIA (SICILIA) / FABBRICA N.30 – 31 Piazza Carlo Alberto
DEPOSITO N. 32 / [circle] / SPECIALITÀ / Mandolini, Chitarre, Liuti, Liole,
Viole, Violini, Violoncelli, Contrabbassi / [circle] / Esportazione Mondiale.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 5. Neapolitan mandolin. The title block has
the caption: GAETANO VINACCIA / LIUTERIA ARTISTICA / Rua Catalana N. 96 /
NAPOLI (Italia) / Anno 1913, and on the title block the maker’s signature. The
bowlback is made of 19 rosewood staves, the sound board is made of selected fir
decorated with a triple purfling, the sound hole is oval with a decoration of
mother of pearl and triple purfling while the pickguard and the tailpiece are
made of tortoiseshell. The neck is made of rosewood, the fingerboard of ivory,
the head of walnut, the butterflies of the machinery are made of bone, the
strap pin, the insertion on the neck, and the nut are made of ivory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 6. Neapolitan
mandolin, the inner label has the caption: lyre / FERNANDO DEL PERUGIA /
Fabbricante di Strumenti Armonici / SAN CRESCI presso FIRENZE / Anno 1898. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The bowlback
is made of 25 maple staves with two large ribs and two counter-ribs of walnut.
The sound board, made of fir, is decorated with a rich ebony purfling; the
sound hole has a decoration made of ebony and mother of pearl. The pickguard is
made of tortoiseshell with a decoration of mother of pearl. The inner machinery
shows a rich floral decoration and a playing little angel on the spine.
Butterflies, nut, bridge, and pin are made of ivory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 7. Neapolitan mandolin made in Brescia in
the first decades of 20th century by the luthier Pietro Ruffini for the
exportation to London where it was sold. The instrument has a bowlback made of
25 rosewood staves, neck and head made of walnut, machinery of nickel silver,
butterflies of ivory, sound board of fir, pickguard made of tortoiseshell and
mother of pearl, decoration around the sound hole made of ebony and mother of
pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 8. Neapolitan mandolin, first decades of
20th century, the inner label says: LUIGI POPPI / premiata fabbrica / di
mandolini / PALERMO. The instrument shows a fir sound board with pickguard made
of tortoiseshell and decoration of mother of pearl in the shape of a butterfly.
The sound hole, oval, has a decoration made of mother of pearl and ebony while
the board is decorated with a double purfling and alternated pieces of ebony
and bone. The bowlback is made of 21 walnut staves as well as the neck and the head,
while the fingerboard is made of rosewood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 9. Mandolin-pochette, mid 19th century,
Neapolitan, anonymous. The instrument is made of a bowlback, with an inner
covering of violet paper, made of 13 walnut staves. The fir sound board is
decorated with a double black purfling and a large decoration of mother of
pearl. The pickguard is made of tortoiseshell. The sound hole, circular, is
decorated with two double purflings and a decoration of mother of pearl. The
neck and the two outer layers of the head are made of walnut, the nut of ivory,
and the machinery has horn butterflies.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 10. Milanese mandolin, by an unknown maker,
with the title block by Pilade Maurri, from the Florentine publishing house of
the same name that sold it in 1902. The instrument, with six single strings,
presents a sound board made of fir with the pickguard made of dark wood and
decorations of ivory immersed in the depth of the board; the sound hole
presents a sextuple purfling while the sound board decorated with a quadruple
ebony purfling; the bowlback is made of 17 staves and 2 counter-ribs of
rosewood interspersed with a double purfling of ebony and fir; the neck and the
headstock are a single block made of ebonised wood, and the sickle-shaped
headstock, with triple purfling, ends with a frontlet of mother of pearl; the
fingerboard, undulating-hollowed type, has 21 frets.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 11. Folk mandolin with flat back, Eliseo Secchi
system, first decade of 20th century, North Italy; back in 2 pieces and maple
ribs, sound board of fir without sound hole, two characters painted in the
centre and the writing “Falstaff / brevetto E.S.”, the instrument presents two
F-holes on the left rib, the fingerboard has 17 metal frets.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 12. Italian banjo-mandolin, back and ribs made
of 8 rosewood staves alternated with 8 pear wood staves, and in the centre a
circular piece of pear wood with rosewood marquetry representing a dog and a
parrot on a perch, neck and headstock made of walnut, sound board of leather
and metal, butterflies of the machinery and nut made of bone. The inner title
block has the caption: MANDOLIN TIP. N. 16 / prodotto 6-2-1956 / matr. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">N° 13380 / CATANIA CARMELO / primaria
fabbrica / di strumenti musicali / a corda – artistici di / lusso e da concerto
/ specialità violini.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 13. Mandolin with flat back, 20th century,
maker Frambach, Liège, head and fingerboard made of walnut, machinery with pegs
with top made of Bakelite, back made of 6 mahogany staves and 6 maple staves
with ebony purfling, little oval sound hole, sound board made of fir with
purfling, pickguard made of ebony and mother of pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 14. Mandola with flat back, branded on the head
FORTE & Co, first half of 20th century, machinery branded Marcelli, total
length 73cm (28.75”). The instrument has a sound board made of fir with thick
and uniform veining and purfling on the border, ribs and back are made of
flamed maple. The back is lightly concave and is made of 5 staves. The neck and
the head are made of walnut; the fingerboard is made of rosewood while the
large pickguard, surrounding the sound hole and arriving to the bridge, is made
of dark wood with floral inserts of mother pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 15. German mandriola (oktaviola), first decades
of 20th century. Ribs and back, made of 5 staves, of rosewood, sound board of
fir, oval hole. Pickguard of ebony, fir, and mother of pearl with floral
decoration and a butterfly. Adjustable metal bridge, neck and head made of
walnut, ebonised fingerboard. It shows 4 courses of three strings and, inside,
the title block shows the caption: Oktaviola / Gut Klang, De, Be, Be / D.R.
Patent, D.R.G.M. / Die Konigin der Mandolinen. / Ein Instrument Ubertrifft /
Ein ganzes Quartett / GESETZL. GESHUTZT.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 17. Russian balalaika, 20th century. This
instrument, playable both pinching or by a plectrum, with the typical
triangular shape, has three strings tuned A-A-D. The total length is 685mm
(26.95”), the neck is 265mm (10.45”) long and presents 16 metal frets, the
sound board, made of several fir staves and inserts of other woods, is wide 432
mm (17”), while the back is made of 7 staves. The machinery shows plastic
butterflies. The inner title block says: (in a triangle) </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Фабрика</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">народных</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">щикповых</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Муэыкапьных</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">инструментов</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Им</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Луначарсого</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Г</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Ленингад</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Т</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">.10 below </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">БАЛАЛАЙКА</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> / </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Артикул</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> 205 / </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Отделка</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">спосодом</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> / </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">РСТ</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">РСФСР</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> 83-72 / </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Цспа</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> 6</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">р</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">. 70</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">к</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">. / </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Ленинград</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">П</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">-61 / </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Ур</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Чапаиева</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">, 15 / 2190 –
70 . 75 . </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">СОСИ</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Т</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 18. French tenor banjo with long neck, first
half of 20th century, typical traditional make with four strings. On the neck
is impressed, in an oval, the brand: UNICA / marque / deposèe. The machinery is
branded UD Mirecourt and shows butterflies made of Bakelite. The neck is made
of walnut, the sound box is made of maple and, naturally, the sound board is
made of leather.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 19. Plectrums made of tortoiseshell, series of
eleven Italian plectrums, end of 19th century in various dimensions and shapes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 20. Spanish bandurria, anonymous, datable
between the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century. Pyriform fir
sound board decorated with square marquetry of ebony and fir, circular sound
hole decorated with four ebony purflings. Back, ribs, head, and neck are made
of rosewood (?) painted back, fingerboard of rosewood with 17 metal frets, bone
nut, wooden bridge. The instrument has four courses of three metal strings, the
12 pegs are made of pale wood (two are broken).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 21. Hamburger waldzither, created by C. H.
Böhm, with nine strings (four courses of two strings and a single bass string)
and sunburst head. The instrument, made in early 20th century, has a fir sound
board while the flat back, with seven staves, the ribs, and the neck are made
of rosewood. The fingerboard has 17 metal frets and the bridge is made of
Plexiglas. Machinery and tailpiece are of metal, there are two quadrangular
tuning keys. The instrument is long 694mm (27.3”), the ribs are 89mm (3.5”)
high and the maximum width of the body is 331mm (13.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 22. Italian mandolin made by luthier Alfredo
Montanari (1919 - 1988), Luigi Mozzani’s apprentice, in Cento (Ferrara) early
during the post-war. This instrument has a flat back and an unusual body,
recalling the shape of the lyre mandolin, with the upper part of the body
ending with two little tips. Instead of the sound hole there are two F-holes.
The sound board is made of fir; back, ribs, and neck are made of rosewood. The
fingerboard has 23 metal frets and five bars made of mother of pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 23. Mandolone (bass mandola) with the title
block: Joseppe De Maria / fecit Neapoles 1678. The dimensions are: length of
body from the nut 655mm (25.8”), maximum width 290mm (11.4”), length of head in
the centre 220mm (8.65”), length of neck 212mm (8.35”), total length 885mm
(34.85”). The instrument has eight double courses of strings, nine metal frets
on the neck and four wooden frets on the board. The bowlback is made of 26
undulating-hollowed rosewood staves, two large outer staves and a support at the
bottom; the sound board, made of fir, continues on the neck till the eighth
fret and shows a circular sound hole with a decoration made of ebony and mother
of pearl, a large tortoiseshell pickguard and rich mother of pearl decorations.
The neck and the head are made of dark wood with decorations and contour made
of bone, the pegs are organized on three vertical sequences of 6, 4, and 6, and
the nut is made of bone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 24. Half-lyre mandolin, made by luthier Alfredo
Privitera, operating in Carmelo Catania manufacturer, who in the 1970s, created
his own luthier shop that soon became one of the best in Sicily. This
instrument has five courses of two strings tuned E, A, D, G, C. The sound board
is made of fir with an oval sound hole in the centre and a littler hole on the
left arm, the flat back and the ribs are made of maple while the neck, the
string cover at the bottom, and the fingerboard are made of walnut. On the inner
title block is printed: Liuteria Classica / Maestro Luthier / Alfredo Privitera
/ Made in Italy. The instrument is 721mm (28.4”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 25. Neapolitan mandolin. The title block has
the caption: royal coat of arms / F.lli GEN.ro ED A.lle VINACCIA FU P.le /
Fabbricanti di Strumenti Armonici / DI S. M. La REGINA d’ITALIA / Rua Catalana
N° 53 / NAPOLI / Anno 1887. The instrument has “covered” machinery with head,
neck, and counter-ribs made of rosewood, it has 17 metal frets with 6 position
markers made of mother of pearl, the bowlback is made of 21 maple staves with
fiddleback and ebony purfling. The sound board is made of fir with a quintuple
ebony purfling, an oval sound hole, and mother of pearl decorations; the
pickguard is made of tortoiseshell. The butterflies of the machinery, the nut,
and the pins are made of ivory while the tailpiece and the string cover are
made of metal. Achille and Gennaro were the sons of the great luthier Pasquale,
famous mandolin and guitar maker in Naples during the second half of19th
century. They operated until the beginning of 20th century. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 26. Neapolitan mandolin. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The title block has the caption: royal
coat of arms / F.lli GEN.ro ED A.lle
VINACCIA FU P.le / Fabbricanti di Strumenti Armonici / DI S. M. La
REGINA d’ITALIA / Rua Catalana N° 53 / NAPOLI / Anno 1898 and signature, a
second title block in red ink has the caption: TRASFERITI ALLA / STRADA / S TA
MARIA LA NUOVA Nọ 25. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The instrument has “covered” machinery with the head
and the neck made of rosewood, the counter-ribs are made of maple and rosewood,
there are twenty metal frets with 6 position markers of mother of pearl, the
bowlback made of 31 grooved maple staves with ebony purfling. The sound board
is made of fir decorated with a quintuple ebony purfling, oval sound hole and
mother of pearl decorations on a tortoiseshell pickguard, the butterflies of
the machinery are made of dark horn, the nut, the pins, the tailpiece, and the
string cover are made of silvered metal with a tortoiseshell base. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 27. Citole, the model was observed in a fresco
made by Simone Martini in the Basilica of Saint Francis in Assisi. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The inner title block says: costruita
nell’anno 2010 da / Andrea Poppi / Sant’Agata Bolognese. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The body and
the fingerboard, ending in a sickle, are made of walnut; the sound board is
made of spruce with a little walnut decoration on the top and the sound hole is
decorated with a wooden intaglio, 9 brass frets, 4 courses of two gut strings
tuned on fifths (even if they were often tuned on player’s hearing), total
length 575mm (22.65”), diapason 380mm (14.95”). Very similar to an instrument
in the frescos of the Basilica of Saint Catherine in Galatina (Lecce).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 28. Anonymous mandolin, Italian, datable to
1840 ca., this is a transition instrument: it has many elements of Baroque
mandolin (general proportions, head with eight pegs strongly bended behind,
circular sound hole, extreme lightness), but the fingerboard is already
superimpose on the neck, as typical of nineteenth-century instruments. The
bowlback is made of eleven large alternated staves made of maple and rosewood,
the sound board is made of fir with pickguard and the area of the tailpiece
made of rosewood, there is a decoration made of ebony and mother of pearl
around the sound hole, and the string pins are made of ivory. The neck and the
head are made of ebonised wood; there are thirteen metal frets and eight ebony
pegs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 29. Neapolitan mandolin, anonymous, datable to
the second half of 18th century and attributed to Donato Filano. He operated
from 1760 to 1785 with his brother Antonio in Rua di S. Chiara in Naples, later
the workshop was managed by his sons Giuseppe and Luigi. The instrument has a
bowlback made of 23 grooved maple staves separated by ebony purfling with
inside some blue paper, the neck is made of cypress with 7 ebony purfling, the
fingerboard is on the same level of the sound board and presents 10 metal frets
separated by tortoiseshell plates. The board, without purfling, is made of fir
with two mother of pearl marquetry on the two ends, the sound hole is circular,
the pickguard is made of tortoiseshell while the nut, the pins of the strings
and of the tailpiece, and the bridge are made of ivory. The head is decorated
with a middle bone plate and two tortoiseshell side plate, all around there are
6 buttons and 12 pins of ivory while the eight rosewood pegs tighten the gut
strings. The total length is 590mm (23.2”), diapason 327mm (12.85”), the
diameter of the sound hole is 60mm (2.35”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 30. Neapolitan mandolin without label, probably
a Vinaccia production. On a pink paper in the case we can read: Libretto
musicale di pertinenza / del Sigr Avv Leonardo Natale / Notaio and Regio
Subbeconomo / Di Cariati / Cariati 1° Agosto 1897.l / Un suo intimo amico / G.
C. M. The bowlback is made of 19 rosewood staves and an ending with alternated
pieces of ebony and ivory, the sound board is made of selected fir decorated
with triple purfling, the sound hole is oval with a decoration of mother of
pearl and triple purfling, while the pickguard is made of tortoiseshell. The
neck is made of rosewood, the fingerboard of ivory, the head of walnut, the
butterflies of the machinery of bone, and the head strap pin, the insertion on
the neck, and the nut are made of ivory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 31. Milanese baroque Mandolin with box made of
eleven ebony slats and ivory fillets. The box is certainly original but there
are traces of interventions on neck and sickle-shaped head; the sound board is
spruce with a large round hole in the center covered by a precious rosette and
decorated with mother of pearl and melted shellac. The instrument features six
double choruses for a total of 12 stringes, a large bridge and 12 pegs of light
wood. There are seven guts frets on the neck while five metallic frets are on
the table. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">On the case there is a cartouche with
the inscription: Mandolino toscano / della fabbrica / di Tobbia Fiscer / di
Siena / anno 1713. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">He was born in Füssen, towards 1680, moved to Siena
where he practiced and died, probably in 1721. Some of his instruments are
present in the Bardini Museum in Florence and in the Museum of Leipzig. Most
likely he was the father of famous Giuseppe, Vincenzo and Carlo Fiscer (or
Fixer) luthiers in Milan in the middle of the eighteenth century. The Baroque Milanese
mandolin, a kind of small lute, also known as pandora, has six double-stringed
choruses, a "no break" sound board and with a smaller shell than the
Neapolitan mandolin.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">D. 32. Plettrharpa built by Nicola Maria Calace in
1903 in Naples. This instrument is a sort of asymmetrical mandolin with an arc
angled slightly to the left of the keyboard that connects the case to the head
and makes it look like an Art Nouveau harp. The reason for his invention, as
well as the Mandolyra patented by his brother Raffaele a few years earlier, is
to be found in the enormous success of mandolin in the Neapolitan song of that
time. A fact undoubtedly very positive but with a negative side: the Neapolitan
mandolin by now was considered as an instrument too popular and therefore no
longer a tool suitable for the upper middle class that until a few years before
was passionate about the instrument (even Queen Margherita was a skilled
mandolinist!). The back is flat, in walnut, while the soundboard is made of fir
with ebony and ivory threads and a rosewood pickguard with Art Nouveau designs.
The hole is oblong and asymmetrical, the ebony keyboard with twenty-two metal
frets and, on the head, there is a mechanics with eight screwed pyrols with
flat head in bone. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The inner label
reads: NICOLA M. ria CALACE / NAPOLI / Via S. Anna de' Lombardi, 54. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">55 / 1903
(autograph signature) Nicola Calace.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 34. Italian four-stringed Colascione. It is a
plectrum instrument, belonging to the family of long neck lutes, of Arabic
derivation (tambur). The soundboard is in spruce, flat, enriched on the sides
by a valuable inlay of bone and mother-of-pearl: in the middle there is a small
oval harmonic hole, covered by a rosette in bone, carved with figures of flora
and fauna. The body is pyriform, not perfectly ovoid but with a slightly
pointed bottom, completely covered with a very rich decoration in ivory, bone and
mother-of-pearl and a reinforcement in ivory tip carved with acanthus leaves.
The neck is very long, semi-cylindrical, in maple, with inserts in ebony,
ivory, bone and mother-of-pearl, without frets: there is no real pegbox and the
pegs, at the back, are directly housed in the final part of the neck. The
strings, made of metal or gut, are tuned in E, A, D, G and the nut is made up
of two filaments of gut tied at the top of the neck, under the pegs, through
which the strings pass. It is very difficult to establish the period because
the instrument underwent an important restoration at the end of the 19th
century probably by Leopoldo Franciolini and a recent one by Fabio Lissia: the
bridge, the tailpiece and the nut seem to have been rebuilt while three of the
four pegs have been repaired. The label inside the body there is the
inscription: Bartolomeo Arnolfini Deuc, difficult to attribute to known violin
makers. Dimensions: complete length of the fingerboard and case cm. 122; width
of the fretboard at the top mm. 32, at the top mm. 47; length of the neck from
the graft with the body cm. 88; complete pegbox mm. 90, diameter mm. 8; length
of the case cm. 34, width cm. 24 and depth cm. 15.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 35. Milanese mandolin datable to the first half
of the 18th century. Soundbox in the shape of a very elongated half-pear, made
of maple with 17 slats and two bands, a very thick parchment rosette from which
one can glimpse the paper lining the internal obowlback with a Latin
manuscript. The soundbox is 212 mm long, 145 wide and 65 deep. The wide neck
grafts laterally on the fir board, which is 18 mm. long. The handle is 47 mm.
wide and 56 mm. at the base, on the back there are eight bone threads, it does
not have any frets but a rich floral decoration in bone for the whole length of
135 mm. The nut is in bone. The sickle-shaped head is bayonet-mounted on the
handle, it mounts 12 ebony pegs and ends with a big button decorated with a
bone cogwheel. Total length mm. 543.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 36. 12-strings mandolin (mandriola) built in
Monopoli (BA) in the last decade of the 19th century by the Garganese brothers.
Vito and his elder brother Antonio were pupils of Pasquale Vinaccia (Naples 20
July 1806 - 1885?), son of Gaetano II, who introduced the first mandolins
mounted with steel strings mechanical pegs. Returning to Monopoli in 1880, they
opened their workshop in Via Vitti on the corner of Via Magenta, near the
"La Pala d'Oro" oven. In the first decade of the twentieth century
the two brothers separated: Antonio continued to build few instruments of great
value while Vito increased his production selling his instruments in Europe and
the USA under the brand Vito Garganese fu Vito (he had the same name as his
father who died before his birth). This instrument maintains the typical armor
of the mandriola (F F F, A A A, D D D, G G G) but, in accordance with their
Neapolitan training, has a case that is very reminiscent of the Neapolitan
mandolin.The bridge is mobile, the board is "broken" with the
curvature at the height of the bridge and the staves are very degrading
(minimum height mm. 58 maximum mm. 109). The hole is oval, surrounded by a
decoration of ebony and mother of pearl, from which you can see the scroll. There is the autograph signature of Vito
Garganese f.llo and a rectangular cartouche that reads: VITO GARGANESE E
FRATELLO / FABRICANTI / DI STRUMENTI ARMONICI / MONOPOLI. The neck and
fingerboard, with seventeen metal frets, are in walnut, the headstock in
rosewood and the tuners have butterflies in bone. The top is made of spruce
while the flat back and the staves are made of maple; the top and the lower
part of the sides are decorated with a triple ebony thread. The total length is mm. 653 while the maximum
width of the soundboard is mm. 198.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">D. 38. Soprano lute with triangular profile and
pyramidal soundbox (tetrahedron), anonymous.
This instrument may be the work of Leopoldo Franciolini in Florence. The
soundboard is made of spruce with a rather wide grain, the soundhole is covered
by a pierced rosette decorated with mother-of-pearl details, as is the upper
edge of the body. The strings are attached, by means of pegs, to the lower part
of the soundbox and pass over a movable bridge; on the upper part of the soundboard,
near the fingerboard, there are mother-of-pearl inlay decorations. The body
consists of three richly inlaid sectors, with ivory-bone and mother-of-pearl
details, dipped in brown stucco. On the lower sector are the six
string-attaching and the bone strap button. The back of the neck is also
decorated with ivory-bone details, dipped in brown stucco, while the
fingerboard is completely decorated with mother-of-pearl and wood details and
has ten gut strings as fingerboards. The anklet, inclined almost 90°, mounts
twelve pearwood pegs, has geometric decoration on both sides and, on the sides,
twenty-one bone buttons. The lute have six double choirs of gut strings; the
capo and the bridge, which is mobile, are made of bone and mother-of-pearl. The
length, from the capo, is mm. 528, the body has a maximum width of mm. 275 and
a height of mm. 119. The anklet is mm. 181 long with a maximum width of mm. 71.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 1. Flageolet in F, English, first decade of
19th century, branded “Hastrick / late / Bainbridge / 35 / Hölbron hill /
London - New / c / Key - New / patent”, 3 ebony pieces, beak, ring nuts, and
tacks made of ivory, 6 silver keys. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 2. English Flageolet in C (A 450), conical
bore, made by Joseph Prowse who operated in London between 1834 and 1839, and
branded: J. Prowse / London / J-PROWSE / OLD JEWRY / LONDON / FROM / CLEMENTI
& C°. The flageolet is 414mm (16.3”) long and it is made of wood painted
black with embouchure, 6 finger-separator pins and 3 ring nuts made of ivory,
7+1 holes and an octagonal brass key.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 3. Viennese flageolet, Germany, Vogtland,
between the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, 3 ebony
pieces, ivory embouchure, 6 keys and 3 ring nuts made of silver. This
instrument was in vogue during the second half of 19th century in Austrian
chamber music.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 4. French Flageolet in A (A 432) with
conical bore, without keys, with 4 front holes and two back holes. The
instrument is branded on every piece: [five-pointed star] / LONG. This
instrument is particular because Long, operating in La Ciotat during the first
half of 19th century, is known as galoubet maker while his flageolets are
really rare. The instrument, in 5 pieces of rosewood with embouchure and ring
nuts made of ebony, is 356mm (52 + 52 + 70 + 61 + 121 mm) (14” = 2.05” + 2.05”
+ 2.75” + 2.4” + 4.75”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 5. French flageolet, anonymous, in A, first
half of 19th century, 4 front holes and 2 back holes for the thumbs, four
boxwood pieces, ivory embouchure with beak, ring nuts and 7 keys made of brass.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 6. French flageolet, (flageolet à pompe),
ebony, in A, 4 ring nuts and a key made of silver, mouthpiece made of bone, 4
front holes and 2 back holes. Brand G. Leblanc / La Couture Boussey / Eure. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 8. French Flageolet made of nickel, made in
Paris in 1890 and having the brand Charles Mathieu / mque deposee / [lyre] /
Paris. The instrument, patented, has 6 holes and a strange mouthpiece made of
nickel-plated brass.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 23. Galoubet, anonymous, made in Provence
between 1770 and 1790. The instrument, cylindrical, is 274mm (10.8”) long and
it is made of ebony with embouchure and foot made of ivory. It has two front
holes and a back hole to be played only with the left hand while with the right
hand played the drum.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 24. Galoubet (Tabor pipe), beak flute with
three holes, early 19th century, Vallée d'Ossau, Beam, France. Two front holes
and one back hole plugged respectively by the index finger, the middle finger,
and the thumb while the ring finger and the little finger were used to hold the
instrument; pale wood and a little metal insert on the windcutter. Length 316mm
(12.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 25. Orchestra cuckoo, anonymous, mid 19th
century. The instrument (160mm – 6.3”) is made of two rosewood pieces with a
brass tuning slide that allows to play notes from F to A. It shows a hole that,
with the slide inwards, plays alternatively the note imitating the cuckoo call.
The cuckoo is a real instrument used in orchestra in imitating music and
generally entrusted to percussionists.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 26. Piffero, end of 19th century made of brass
branded: lyre / INVERNIZZI E DEVALLE / SAVONA / DO. The instrument, similar to
Irish whistle is 326mm (12.85”) long with 6 holes, conical shape, and a wooden
block for the embouchure. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 27. Piffero made of brass, Italy, end of 19th
century, the brand is hard to identify with eagle / DO / 8603, similar to the
brand used by actors, peddlers and storytellers. It is 330mm (13”) long, 6
front holes, conical shape and embouchure with wooden block.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 28. Slide whistles, tenor (276mm – 10.85”) and
"piccolo" (152mm – 6”), ebonite. Brand: SWANEE / WHISTLE / or / LOTUS
FLUTE / MADE IN LONDON / ENGLAND / REGISTRETED / DESIGN / 687087 / PRO. /
PATENT / REG. U.S. PAT. OFF. These rare instruments were used in pieces of “art
music” by Ravel, Gordon, and others. Foot and piston made of chromed brass. The
range is about two octaves with the lower note F#4 for the tenor and F5 for the
piccolo.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 29. Alto slide whistle, brand: eight-pointed
star / MODEL de LUXE / SWANEE / WHISTLE / OR / LOTUS FLUTE / REGISTERED / MADE
IN LONDON / ENGLAND/ PRO/ PATENT/ REGISTERED/ DESIGN / 689111 / REG. U.S. PAT.
OFF / eight-pointed star. The instrument, 350mm (13.75”) long, is made of
ebonite with an ivory ring nut and the piston made of nickel silver. The lower
note of the instrument is F4.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 30. Double Flageolet, English, with unequal
barrels, branded: BAINBRIDGE / TEACHER / & INVENTOR / HOLBORN / HILL /
LONDON / PATENT BAINBRIDGE / & WOOD / 35 / HOLBORN / HILL / LONDON /
PATENT. London 1808 – 1821. Total length 445mm (17.5”), five pieces plus the
embouchure, body of boxwood, with two windcutter keys made of silver; ring
nuts, embouchure, and tacks made of ivory. The right barrel, longer (235 mm –
9.25”), shows three silver squared keys while the left one, shorter (196 mm –
7.7”), has two. The windcutter keys get into the windows of the instrument to
block the sound emission from the first or the second barrel. On the bodies the
symbols of the notes are marked: 1G, 2F, 3E, 4D on the right and B1, A2, G3,
F4, E5, D6 on the left.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 31. Orchestra cuckoo in two pieces, branded:
WHITAKER / LONDON, made between the last years of 18th century and early 19th
century. In B4, A 430 Hz, body made of boxwood with embouchure and mouldings
made of ivory. Total length 126mm (4.95”). On the foot there is the hole that
allows to change note, but inside there is a cylindrical pin with four side
holes with different diameters. Turning the pin, the diameter of the hole
change, so that we can get four different intervals (D# – B, E – B, F# – B, G#
– B).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 32. Cuckoo, Italian, anonymous, probably
Venetian, made in mid 19th century. The instrument is made of boxwood and black
horn, with a front hole that allows to vary the note from C to G#. The cuckoo
measures 85mm (3.35”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 34. Irish tin whistle made of tinplate,
datable to the first half of 19th century, anonymous. The instrument, 319mm
(12.55”) long and 12mm (0.45”) wide, presents six front holes without tone hole
and the letter C on the front.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 35. Pan flute (syrinx), Bavarian, second half
of 18th century, made from a piece of wood in which ten barrels has been
carved, closed at the lower end by black pipes that allow the intonation, and
on the upper end they have a fipple. The instrument is 147mm (5.8”) long, 14mm
(0.55”) wide and from 42mm (1.65”) to 86mm (3.4”) high. The notes produced are
G#, E, G, A, Bь, B, C, D, E, G#.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 39. Piffero made of brass, Italy, end of 19th
century, hardly identifiable brand with symbol of an eagle / DO / 11772,
similar to the instruments used by actors, peddlers and storytellers. 336mm
(13.2”) long, 6 front holes, conical shape, and embouchure with wooden block.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 40. Galoubet (from T. Bingham, London) made by
luthier, drummer, and composer Joseph Bœuf. Brand: SYSTEME / J. BŒUF /
MARSEILLE / 1917 {serial number} 129. The instrument is very rare: differently
from the other galoubets, it shows the three holes all on the front and
partitioned lengthwise to emit the semitones. This model was used until 1960s
only in Allauch, than it was abandoned for its scarce practicality. It is made
of two rosewood pieces and a brass joint ring nut, and is 310 (12.2”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 46. Wood Cornett covered in red morocco
leather with signs of repairs to the leather cover. The tool presents the
mouthpiece (internal) and the final, zoomorphic head, in dark horn and an
opening on the convex side. The section is rectangular with rounded corners.
There are two metal brackets for the suspension strap (missing) and is long mm.
380. Italian and probably dating from the second half of the '700 and early
800.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 47. Crumhorn soprano in C, stained wood
(maple?) with seven holes plus two front holes resonance on the bell and a
brass ring. It is visible a repair shield-shaped in front of the body under the
ring and on the first hole (probably been lost or removed a coat of arms). The
Crumhorn is a renaissance instrument, whit cylindrical bore, double-reed
encapsulated, whose name comes from the German Krummhörn (curved horn) for the
umbrella-handle characteristic shape. These tools were very popular in France,
Germany and the Netherlands, they had a very limited extension, just over one
octave, so were played in consort from soprano to bass to broaden the
extension. This is an ancient reconstruction dating from the late nineteenth
and early twentieth century, attributable to instrument makers of the French
area (Auguste Tolbecque, Victor-Charles Mahillon) and is long mm. 370.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 49. Galoubet (Tabor pipe), anonymous, early
20th century, Provence. This instrument has only three holes, two at the front
and one at the back plugged by the forefinger, middle and thumb respectively,
while the ring finger and little finger are used to hold the instrument so that
the other hand can play a drum. The particularity of this instrument is to be
made of brass and to have a very elegant and slender appearance: the length is
mm. 313 and the diameter mm. 12.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">F. 53. Tin whistle built in the first quarter of
the 20th century probably in Portugal. Tin whistles are Irish straight flutes,
used as toys but also appreciated by professionals, they have a metal body,
with conical bore, six front holes and a labium. The conical instrument has a
diameter of mm. 18 while at the foot of mm. 9: the length is mm. 262. The
instrument is painted in black with yellow-gold friezes: the frieze of the
upper part consists of two lines, a wave and two other lines / image of a
player from ancient Egypt and the inscription LUSO / two lines, a wave and two
other lines while in the lower part there are only two lines, a wave and two
other lines always in yellow-gold. The tool has only six front holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 3. Psaltery, Italian, anonymous, datable
between 1730 and 1750. The instrument is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid
with the two oblique sides measuring 360mm (14.15”) and 365mm (14.35”), while
the shortest side is 361mm (14.2”) and the longest 685mm (15.15”). On the right
side there are 106 metal pegs supporting 20 courses alternating 5 and 4 strings
plus 4 lower courses of 4 strings. There are a bridge with 6 small columns, two
bridges with five columns, one of them higher probably made later, one bridge
with four columns, two bridges with two columns and three single columns. On
the sound board, made of fir, there are two elegant rosettes made of parchment
while the nuts have pearwood planking on the top. The sides of the instrument
are richly decorated with a golden stucco work and a fine burin engraving. The
instrument has its original case painted black outside while the inside is not
decorated.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 4. Table cithara, made during the first
years of 19th century in Mantua area. The instrument presents a “Salzburger”
shape; it is made of fir while the column and the decoration in shape of horse
head on the top of the head are made of walnut. The cithara has 3 + 1 playing
strings, 10 harmonic strings and 2 + 2 octave strings. There are two sound
holes, one on the body and one on the belly, and 15 + 3 brass frets, the pegs
and the strings are made of iron. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 5. Concert zither, Salzburger Form, Austria,
19th century, maker Anton Hüller / Graslitz / Bommen. Five playing strings, 31
harmonic strings, keys of the machinery and feet made of ivory, back made of
maple, column of ebony, soundboard of fir with mother of pearl decorations.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 6. Mandolin-Harp, sort of Kantele (psaltery
with plucked strings) North Europe, 19th century. Entirely made of fir
varnished black with floral painted decorations; it has 4 courses of 7 harmonic
strings (D major – F major – G major – C major), and 15 courses of double
playing strings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 7. Akkordolia, German, made during the first
decades of 20th century. The circular title block has the caption: ???ss &
Teller / Klingenthal / Akkordolia / D. R. S. M.. This instrument is a psaltery
with soundbox having 7 strings to be played by a plectrum. The akkordolia is a
middle road between an Aeolian harp, for the rectangular box (63 x 18 cm /
24.8” x 7.1” and the short upper side is rounded), the circular sound hole, and
the strings (3 playing strings and 4 harmonic strings) of the same length and
with different diameters, and an épinette des Vosges, for the fingerboard (16
metal frets for the playing strings and 6 for the harmonic strings) and the
plucked strings. The instrument is made of fir painted black and the soundboard
is made of beechwood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 8. Table cithara, Hungarian, made during the
second half of 19th century. The instrument presents a “Salzburger” shape, a
fir soundboard with two sequences of sound holes in the shape of rosettes. The
5 playing strings pass on metal frets attached on the fingerboard; there are
also 10 harmonic strings and two courses of triple shorter strings for higher
notes. The pegs are made of iron and on the head and on the sides there is a
geometric decoration.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 9. Bowed table cithara in shape of a heart
(Streichzither in Herzform) with two sound F-like holes and four strings tuned
G-D-A-E as stated by G. Fosslen. Austria, second half of 19th century.
Soundboard made of fir; back, ribs, and bridge (not original) made of maple, 29
brass frets, restored feet made of rosewood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 10. American ukelin, made in 1925, branded:
PRICE $ 35,00 / UKELIN / Distributed Exclusively by the / Manufacturers /
Advertising Co. / 93 Ferry Street / Jersey City N.J. The instrument, made of
fir, is 698mm (27.5”) long and has a maximum width of 193mm (7.6”). This
instrument can be played both with a plectrum and with a short bow; it has 16
strings starting from the upper head ending at the sides of the instrument, and
four courses of four strings starting from the lower head ending on the upper
side of the soundboard. This shows two circular sound holes and an indication
of the note of each string.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 11. Hungarian cimbalom made in around 1870 by
J. V. Schunda, very famous Hungarian maker, in fact the plaque has the writing:
SCHUNDA V. J. BUDAPEST. This instrument is the national Hungarian instrument
and is made of strings running on the trapezoidal body of the instrument. The
strings are 19 in groups of 4, 15 in groups of three, and a couple of lower
strings. On the sound board, made of fir, there are four carved rosettes and
five series of moving bridges. The strings are hit with thin sticks. The instrument
has a pedal that controls two side damper levers. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 12. Tuning keys for harps, zithers, and
psalteries. The collection includes nine pieces datable between the end of 19th
century and the beginning of 20th century and consists of: squared-section key
(5 x 5 mm – 0.19” x 0.19”) with 86mm (3.4”) long mahogany handle;
rectangular-section key (6 x 5 mm – 0.23” x 0.19”) with 86mm (3.4”) long
mahogany handle; squared-section key (5 x 5 mm – 0.19” x 0.19”) with 85mm
(3.35”) long mahogany handle; rectangular-section key (6 x 5 mm – 0.23” x
0.19”) with 81mm (3.2”) long oak handle; rectangular-section key (17 x 6 mm –
0.66” x 0.23”) made of walnut and brass, 62mm (2.45”) long; rectangular-section
key (7 x 5mm – 0.27” x 0.19”) with 72mm (2.85”) long oak handle;
squared-section key (5 x 5 mm – 0.19” x 0.19”) with 95mm (3.75”) long mahogany
handle; squared-section key (5 x 5 mm – 0.19” x 0.19”) with 85mm (3.35”) long
handle made of ebonised wood; rectangular-section key (6 x 5 mm – 0.23” x
0.19”) with 84mm (3.3”) long mahogany handle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 13. German zither, datable to the first decades
of 20th century, with five playing strings on a fingerboard with thirty metal
frets and 29 harmonic strings. The soundboard is made of fir with an oval
central hole, back and sides made of wood painted black, metal pegs, two wooden
feet and an ivory foot. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 14. Italian psaltery, anonymous, probably
Lombard, datable around 1720. The instrument is in the shape of an isosceles
trapezoid with the two oblique sides measuring 328mm (12.9”) and 325mm (12.8”)
while the shortest side is 353mm (13.9”) and the longest 700mm (27.55”) with a
height of 62mm (2.45”). On the right side there are 80 metal pegs supporting 20
courses of 4 strings, while on the opposite side there are 80 iron pins where
the strings are attached. There is no bridge. On the sound board, made of fir,
there are two elegant rosettes made of golden parchment while the nuts have a
pearwood planking on the top. The sides of the instrument are painted black and
the whole instrument lies on four feet.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 16. German concert Harp-Zithern, built in
Berlin in 1899 by Alwin Eichler (1859-1914), owner of the Aeolian company with
branches in London and New York. The internal cartouche, round, shows the
writing: round No. 2. American Harp – Zither Concert, in: A. Eichler / Berlin
S. / Alexandrinenstr. 110 / London EC / Coronet Work, St. John Street / New
York USA / 33 First Street / DRP 112 000. The case is made of fir wood with
black painted bottom and bands, in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid with
shaped sides on the upper side and the left one. The approximate measurements
are: basis cm. 39, long side cm. 69, short side cm. 25 and oblique upper side
cm. 59, the sound hole is round, framed by a beautiful white decoration, and
the whole is supported by three wooden feet. There are thirty melody metal
strings, anchored to the base and with the pegs placed along the oblique side,
below which a piece of paper is stuck to indicate the note (from Sol2 to Do4).
The strings of harmony, always metallic, go from one side to the other running
parallel to the oblique side: there are eight choirs with two strings that
start from the bridge on the right side and the same number from the left so
that the neighboring strings do not it can be beaten at the same time. Here too
there are scrolls that indicate the notes: on the right are the numbers (from
31 to 46) and the corresponding notes, the numbers on the left (from 47 to 62)
and the respective notes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">G. 17. Psalter of Venetian area datable to the
first half of the XVIII century. the table is in fir while the case, four feet
and the bottom are in walnut. The instrument is in the shape of an isosceles
trapezium with two oblique sides of mm. 440, the short side of mm. 323, the
base of mm. 709 and the height of mm. 70. On the top there are two bone
rosettes with twelve petals flower and four hard wood bridges surmounted by
metal bars. The longest bridge, with ten small columns, is on the right of the
instrument: between the rosettes there are two bridges with two and three small
columns while on the left, between the bass strings, there is a bridge with two
small columns. The strings are anchored on the left of the instrument while, on
the right, there are the metal frets on which they are wound. There are
twenty-three triple choirs plus nine single strings for a total of 78 metal
strings. The instrument is contained in a trapezoidal wooden case with two
oblique sides of mm. 448, the short side of mm. 410, the base of mm. 849 and
the height of mm. 150 plus four feet. The case is richly decorated: the outside
is in brown and brick-red tones with three roses in the centre and other roses
in the corners. The interior shows designs of volutes of gold leaves on a green
background with, in the centre, a stone with a triumph of instruments and
musical scores. The case is closed with a beautiful metal key: there are also
two mallets, 250 mm long, in ebony with a curved rosewood tip and a red painted
bottom.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">H. 5. French flutina or Harmoniflüte, datable
to mid 19th century and branded BUSSON / Brevetè / Paris. The range is from F2
to G5 (23 ivory keys + 16 ebony chromatic keys). This instrument is a little
harmonium with free reeds; the bellows, on the back, are activated with the
left hand while the right plays the keyboard. The dimensions with the cover
closed are 51 x 18 x 30 cm (20.05” x 7.1” x 11.8”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 1. Soprano bombard, 18th century, probably
from Venetian area. The body and the bell are a single piece of boxwood while
the pirouette is made of ebony. The instrument has a free double reed and it
was played putting the lips on the pirouette and making the reed vibrate in the
mouth. The soprano bombard was the highest of a family of Renaissance chamber
instruments used till the end of 18th century, and then they were replaced by
oboes. It presents only 6 front holes. The total length is 314mm (12.35”)
without reed, the pirouette is 36mm (1.4”), body and bell 278mm (10.95”),
minimum diameter of the body 18mm (0.7”) while the diameter of the large bell
is 50mm (1.95”) and its length is 122mm (4.8”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 9. Dulcian (soprano bassoon, octave
bassoon, alto bassoon), English, made in 1825 by George Wood. This instrument
(little bassoon with A2 as lower note) plays one octave higher than the
bassoon, it presents two canes with eight front holes (a double hole for the
right little finger) and three back holes, one (for the right thumb) closed
with a brass key protected by a brass key guard. The instrument, made of
rosewood, has not the original staple; the brand is: WOOD / clover and is 323mm
(12.7”) long while the inner tubing is 596mm (23.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 10. Musette with keys, Leipzig, 1860, made by
Julius Heinrich Zimmerman, 3 rosewood pieces with an unusual turning on the
foot, 6 nickel keys, original case.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 11. English musette made of finely turned
rosewood, datable to the first half of 19th century. The instrument, anonymous,
is made of two pieces with a total length of 364mm (14.35”), and presents seven
front holes and one back sound hole on the pear-shaped bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 12. Apulian zampogna (from a monastery in
Gargano) recalling very much the Yugoslavian zurna, datable to the end of 18th
century and the beginning of 19th century. The instrument, made of olive wood,
has high quality make, it is long 334mm (13.15”) and presents seven front
holes, one back hole, and seven little sound holes on the bell. The instrument
is made of a single piece and a sort of pirouette with a fork insertion that,
turning, would change the conical shape of the insertion where the free double
reed is mounted, thus modifying the intonation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 13. Practice chanter, Scotland, mid 19th
century, length 477mm (18.75”). Instrument with capped double reed (probably
not original), made of rosewood with ebony rings, 7 + 1 holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 14. Shawm, Southern Italy, early 19th century.
Folk instrument accurately made with lathe and knife; olive wood (body) and
chestnut (bell), painted; two pieces with screw joint. Double reed instrument
with 8 + 1 holes (and 5 sound holes on the bell), original reed, length 340mm
(13.4”) without reed. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">J. 15. Shawm, Central Southern Italy, mid 19th
century. This instrument, finely turned, is made of a cherry wood body and a
chestnut bell with screw joint. The body shows 8 front holes and a back hole
plus a side sound hole near the bell that has two more sound holes. Total
length 368mm (14.5”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">K. 1. Neapolitan tambourine, end of 19th
century, originally polychrome, and with residual traces of red paint on the
leather. The frame, broken on a point, is made of beech wood with 12 pairs of
metal jingles, one missing. On the borders there are 7 ribbons made of red
fabric. Measures: Diam. 310mm (12.20”), H. 87mm (3.4”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">K. 2. Frame drum with metal jingle, very folk
make, Neapolitan, mid 20th century. The frame is made of fir, the jingles (two
pairs of eight jingles arranged on two rows) are made out of can boxes, and the
membrane is made of sheepskin, ripped and patched with plastic. The diameter is
about 348mm (3.7”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">K. 18. Italian Maracas, built in the early
decades of the twentieth century, consisting of a coconut with a diameter of
mm. 118 with a dark stained wooden handle of a diameter of mm. 22 with two
turned terminals. The instrument is overall mm long. 354 and it seems built for
theatrical use rather than to be used in popular music.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">K. 19. Italian Maracas, built in the early
decades of the twentieth century, consisting of a pumpkin with a diameter of
mm. 90 in which is inserted a handle of dark wood, richly turned and long mm.
177 with two turned terminals and a metal ring at the lower end. The two holes
in the pumpkin, in contact with the handle, are embellished with bone seals.
The instrument is overall mm long. 305 and it seems built for theatrical use
rather than to be used in popular music.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 1. Diatonic button accordion, French,
branded BUSSON / Brevetè / Paris. The instrument has reduced dimensions 243 x
82 x 62 mm (9.55” x 3.2” x 2.45”) and shows 8 diatonic keys, two side keys, and
a large key for the air vent to be activated with the left hand. The keys and
the (outer) machinery are covered with mother of pearl while the vent key is
made of brass. The instrument, made by Busson, maker of the harmoniflute and
creator of the Bussophone, is datable to mid 19th century. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 2. Chromatic button accordion, made by
Stradella’s “Dallapis” manufacturer in 1900, entirely made of wood with
marquetry, ivory buttons, 56 basses in 4 rows, 48 buttons in 4 rows.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">L. 3. Chromatic button accordion, first decade
of 20th century. </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The inner label has
the writing: FABBRICA DI ARMONICHE / GUGLIELMO SPARTERA E FIGLI / LECCE –
(Puglie). </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The instrument, made of fir veneered with walnut, shows 27 buttons with
external pallets arranged on three rows (10+9+8) and 24 bass buttons (8+8+8)
with inner system. The buttons and the external pallets are made of mother of
pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 4. Concertina, instrument made in Germany
(Harnold?) during the last decades of 19th century. The instrument is a
mechanical free-reed aerophone with double intonation (diatonic). It was
created by C. F. Uhlig who transformed the bandoneon to develop the sound
possibilities and to better use the side of the left hand. The instrument is
made of braided rosewood richly decorated with nickel silver and mother of
pearl rosettes. The right side presents 26 buttons arranged on three rows for
the melody and the air vent button. The left side shows, on three rows too and
with the head made of mother of pearl, 21 buttons.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 5. Diatonic button accordion, first decade
of 20th century. 19 melody buttons arranged on two rows and 4 + 1 bass keys.
The model recalls the famous “Empress”. Brand: Robert Husberg / musikwerke /
neuerade / westfalen.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 6. Melodeon, Viennese style, by Hohner,
early 20th century; 10 soprano buttons made of ivory activated by the right
hand, while the bellows and the 4 wooden bass buttons are activated by the left
hand. Every button makes a different note resonate, according to the pressure
or the aspiration of the bellows.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 7. Diatonic button accordion with two
basses (dù botte), early 20th century, probably Austrian. The melody is
obtained by 10 buttons played with the right hand while the left hand uses two
bass buttons and an air vent button. The bellows are decorated with flowered
paper and on the keyboard there are the initials HB and a scale.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 8. Piano accordion, Italian, made by the
“Galanti” brothers, Rome, in 1929; 41 keys, 120 basses, medium notes on the
fourth row and the basses on the fifth, made with fine wood, like tulipier and
black walnut. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 9. Diatonic accordion, anonymous, branded
Mogar, Milano, first decades of 20th century. The Monzino e Garlandini (Mogar)
manufacturer never made nor commissioned diatonic accordions, so this
instrument represents a real rarity. The instrument has a piano keyboard with 2
octaves and one note (C3 – C5), 12 bass buttons arranged on 2 rows, and the air
vent button. The instrument is made of wood covered with green mother of pearl
celluloid.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 10. Italian accordion, type “cadetto 32”, made
in Castelfidardo by the Orlando Quagliardi manufacturer during the third decade
of 20th century. This little instrument, covered with green celluloid, presents
a piano keyboard with two octaves from C3 to C5 and 32 basses.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 11. Quadruple harmonica gathering four
independent harmonicas tuned in C major, F major, G major, and D major. The
instrument, made in Germany during the first quarter of 20th century, has the
writing: TREMOLO / Harmonica / M. HONER and on the back two medals Paris 1900
and Chicago 1893 with in the middle TRADE MARK GESETZLICH / GESCHULTZ M.
HOHNER. The harmonicas are 223mm (8.75”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 12. Harmonica in C, reduced dimensions, only
made of ten holes, measuring 100 x 28 x 15 mm (3.95” x 1.1” x 0.6”). Instrument
made by Hohner during the first half of 20th century. There is the carved
writing GLH Great Little Harp HOHNER.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 19. French Mélophone probably made by Leclèrc
in around 1840. The mélophone is one of the numerous reed instruments invented
during the second quarter of 19th century but only the harmonium and the
concertina are surviving. It was invented and patented in Paris in 1837 and was
created for classic music. The inventor, Pierre Charles Leclèrc, clockmaker in
2 Rue des Enfans-Rouges, in Paris, persuaded the composer Jacques François
Fromental Elie Halévy to include a mélophone solo in his 1838 work Guido et Ginevra
and exhibited for the first time this instrument during the Exposition
Nationale de Paris in 1839. That opened him the doors of many Parisian opera
managers, but the success of the mélophone was mediocre: it rapidly declined
and the instrument was abandoned between 1850 and 1860. Besides an occasional
use in French cultural gatherings, it was used in Italy and in Southern Germany
too. The mélophone is a free reed instrument similar to the accordion, with
melodic and harmonic reeds and a body that recalls the guitar and the violin.
In the body of the instrument there is a double bellows and an activation
lever, allowing the player to play tremolo and staccato, piano and forte. The
buttons are arranged on the head, they are made of ivory and control a complex
system of operative levers, springs, and control cables arranged on the upper
side that open the pallets of every note, allowing the passage of the air and
so the vibration of the reed. These instruments were also made by Brown A., in
20 Rue des Fossés-du-Temple, Paris, by Pellerin Charles Alexandre, in 58bis Rue
Meslay, Paris, and in 8 Rue de la Jussienne, Paris who presented some examples
at Exposition Nationale de Paris in 1844, and by Porcher, in 16 Rue
Saint-Sauveur, Paris, who presented his instrument during the same Exposition
in 1849. The instrument shows 8 chromatic bass notes, 9 chromatic tenor notes,
13 chromatic alto notes, 13 chromatic soprano notes, and 12 chromatic sopranino
notes for a total of 84 ivory roll buttons. The total length is 744mm (29.3”),
without the bellows lever, the head is 239mm (9.4”) long; length of the body
505mm (19.9”), height without cover 105mm (4.15”), with the cover 177mm
(6.95”), upper breadth 246mm (9.7”), lower breadth 284mm (11.2”), minimum
breadth 218mm (8.6”). The lever is made of brass with ebony handle; the head,
with the metal plate on which the buttons are arranged, is made of ebony and
ends with a scroll. The ribs and the back are made of fine maple while the
cover is made of spruce with two F-holes similar to those of the violin, two
rich decorations made of black ink, and a circular brass plaque with the effigy
of a nobleman and the writing: Henri de Lorraine, Comte de Harcourt, Grand
Ecuyer de France, identifying the commissioner.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 20. English concertina made by Louis Lachenal
in 1895, the title block in fact has the caption: LACHENAL & Cº. / PATENT
CONCERTINA / MANUFACTURES / LONDON and the serial number 38953. The concertina
was invented in 1829 by Charles Wheatstone, engineer and physicist who also
invented the symphonium, whose first concertina represents one of the numerous
variations scale-up for him by Louis Lachenal whose manufacturer operated till
1934. The typical shape of the instrument is hexagonal, the reeds, inside of
the instrument, are arranged radially, skirting the borders of the sound box,
and every button selected a single reed for each direction of the bellows.
There are three existing types of concertina: English, Anglo and Duet. The
English concertina, born as first, is chromatic and every button produces the
same note both opening and closing the bellows. This instrument has 48 buttons
divided on the two sides (6+7+6+5 for the right hand, 6+6+6+6 for the left
hand) with alternated notes, that is the notes on the lines of the staff are on
one side, and those on the spaces of the staff are on the opposite side. The
arrangement is intentionally thought to simplify the reading of the score,
being an instrument originally conceived to play art music. On both sides the
buttons are arranged on four vertical rows, the middle two (white) for the
natural notes, and the outer two (black) for the accidentals. The range is
three octaves and a fourth, from G3 to C7, like the violin. The concertina is
sustained by the player’s thumbs by means of adjustable laces made of leather,
while two metal "L" allow to the little fingers to hold part of the
weight. The two hexagonal sound boxes made of wood are 90mm (3.55”) long, and
50mm (1.95”) high, divided by the bellows with a total height of 117mm (4.6”).
There is the original case.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 21. Diatonic harmonica, Hohner 263 Chromatica,
made in mid 20th century and used in harmonica orchestras. It is 361mm (14.2”)
long, with 35 double reeds from G to F. On the cover, other than the notes
reported in circles, there is the caption: M star HONER’s, TRADE MARK, four
medals won between 1893 and 1927, M HONER, made in Germany, CHROMATICA N° 263.
The comb is made of pearwood covered with briar-root, the reeds are made of
brass, the covers of chromed metal, and the case is made of cardboard.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 22. Harmonica, Hohner contrabass 265
Chromatica, made in mid 20th century and used in harmonica orchestras. It is
made of two harmonicas joint together, the first with fifteen holes for the
natural notes from E to E, the second with fourteen holes for intermediate
notes and four natural notes. This instrument is not diatonic, that is it can
be played only blowing and not drawing. The comb is made of pearwood covered
with briar-root with a covering made of white Bakelite on the blowing surface,
the reeds are made of brass and the covers are made of chromed metal. On those
are reported the notes in circles and the caption: M star HONER’s CHROMATICA,
TRADE MARK, four medals won between 1893 and 1927, M HONER, made in Germany, N°
265. The instrument, 403mm (15.85”) long, is in its case made of wood covered
with briar-root.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 23. Diatonic harmonica Hohner with chords
(267/384 "48 chord”) made in mid 20th century and used in harmonica
orchestras. It is made of two harmonicas joint together, each of them with
twelve groups of 4 + 4 holes (96 double holes for a total of 384 holes). On the
chromed metal covers of the two instruments there is the writing M star HONER /
MADE IN GERMANY and the 48 chords that can be played (12 major, 12 minor, 12
seventh, 6 diminished, 6 augmented): GES, DES, AS, ES, Eb, F, C, G, D, A, E, B.
The instrument is 586mm (23.05”) long; the body is made of pearwood and the
case is made of wood covered with black vinyl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 24. Harmoni-cor (Hautbois Nouveau) made in
around 1865. The harmoni-cor was patented by Louis Julien Jaulin in 1950s and,
in its inventor’s intents, it was meant to substitute the oboe and the cor
anglais. It is made of twenty-eight metal piston valves that are black and
white like the piano keys, in which there are metal reeds emitting the sounds
(from B2 to D5). The body is made of rosewood, 494mm (19.45”) long, with bell
diameter being 62mm (2.45”); is branded: HARMONI-COR / J. JAULIN INVR / B
S.G.D.S. / A PARIS. This instrument belonged to musicologist, composer, and
Egyptologist Guy Bernard who composed music for documentaries that, during the
postwar, preceded the showing of famous authors’ films.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 25. Diatonic accordion datable to the last
decade of 19th century. The keyboard has twenty-one keys arranged on two rows,
second voices to the melody (eleven whites made of ivory alternated by ten
rosewood keys), eight bass buttons made of mother of pearl with external piston
arranges on two rows set on two wooden supports, third voices to the bass, and
a vent button on the external side of the bass sound box. The treble box and
the keyboard are decorated with marquetry of polychrome wood with geometrical
motif. A fretwork in veneered wood frontally hides the pallets, in the middle
of the treble box, embedded in the wood and protected by a glass plate, there
is the plaque of the factory: PREMIATA FABBRICA / di ARMONICHE / CAV PAOLO
SOPRANI e FIGLI / CASTELFIDARDO / ANCONA ITALIA. Bellows made of cardboard with
18 folds, covered with white satin, reinforced at the corners with metal
frames. The Paolo Soprani manufacturer was founded in 1863 in Castelfidardo. It
stopped the activity in 1987. The accordion manufacturing started in 1863 when
a copy of Demian’s instrument, thanks to an Austrian pilgrim, ended up in the
hands of young Paolo Soprani from Castelfidardo. Paolo Soprani studied that
instrument in every detail so that he could reproduce it. In 1864, in fact,
together with his brothers, he decided to open a shop where he would produce
accordions. The dimensions are: 235 x 170 x 280 mm (9.25” x 6.7” x 11”) while
the keyboard sticks out for 58mm (2.3”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 26. Examina, device used to test the
harmonicas without putting the lips on the instruments. On the back, after the
handle, is written: HOHNER’S / EXAMINA / SHUTZ (horn with the writing SPORT)
MARKE / DIE QUALITATSMARKE / (on image of harmonica) ECHO / M HOHNER. It is
made of a pair of bellows with wooden sides and a rectangular vent hole on
which is put the harmonica to be tested. The dimensions, with closed bellows,
are 120 x 224 x 40 mm (4.7” x 8.8” x 1.55”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 28. Hohner organette, steel reeds on
individual plates, in C major, built in Germany between the 1920s and 1930s,
mainly for the US market. This diatonic organette mounts steel reeds on
individual zinc plates for a "bright and clear sound". There are ten
white buttons for the melody and three keys, two for the bass and one for quick
venting. There are two sets of reeds for the bass and four for the treble,
governed by four black knobs on top of the instrument. The measurements are:
279 x 209 x 153 mm. The bellows are made up of nineteen coloured elements on
the back (5 + 5 whites at the ends, 3 + 3 intermediate reds and 3 gold at the
centre).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 29. Italian accordion, built around 1950 in
Castelfidardo (AN) by Agostinelli Nazzareno who, from 1946 to 1977, built
accordions under the brand name L'Artigiana. The instrument is made of red
celluloid with nickel-plated inserts. The trademark reads: L'ARTIGIANA / MADE
IN ITALY / CASTELFIDARDO. In the centre there is the image of a wind instrument
player, the letters L and A and some notes. The "piano" keyboard has
thirty-seven keys of which twenty-two are made of mother-of-pearl for the
natural notes (G - G) and fifteen of red celluloid for the altered notes. On
the keyboard there are seven registers for singing (master, celeste, bandon,
accord, violin, basson, master) while the left hand controls eighty black bass
buttons placed in five rows. The bellows is made up of sixteen compartments
with metal reinforcements at the edges. Three birds are drawn on the rim.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">L. 31. Lucciola accordion, in red celluloid,
built in the fourth decade of the 20th century by the firm Settimio Soprani of
Castelfidardo (AN). The piano-style keyboard has thirty-four keys (G - E) and,
at the front, four large round mute keys. There are eighty basses, on five
rows, five registers on the keyboard (bassoon, bandon, master, violin,
clarinet) and two on the basses. The bellows consists of sixteen compartments
with metal reinforcements at the edges.
The dimensions are 60 x 29 x 12 cm. The instrument belonged to Mrs.
Vincenza Cassì of Comiso (RG). Her daughter-in-law, Mrs. Titti Pagliarini, wife
of her son Paolo, donated it to the museum on 24 June 2023.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 1. French hurdy-gurdy, mid 19th century,
signed on the side of the keybox and under the keybox lid by Pajot Fils,
instrument maker in Jenzat. The instrument had the shape of a “vielle en luth”;
it has 2 chantarelles (only one fingerable), mouche, trompette with trompillon,
grand bourdon, petit bourdon, and four sympathetic strings on the board. The
bowlback has alternated staves of maple and rosewood, with a flowered plate on
the side of the crank. The board is made of fir trimmed with marquetry made of ivory
and ebony plugs, alternated with a double purfling and with motifs made of red
and black ink. The bridges are made of maple; the wheel cover, the keybox lid,
and the tailpiece are made of walnut with floral marquetry made of rosewood.
The back strap pin is made of ebony; the front strap pins and the wheel cover
stop are made of ivory. The wheel, made of maple, is embedded in the iron plank
is not detachable; behind the wheel the lubrication hole can be seen. The crank
is made of iron while the handle and the trompillon pin, that regulate the
trompette, are made of ivory. In the keybox there are 13 diatonic keys made of
ebony and 10 chromatic keys made of ivory. Bridges and keybox are made of maple
and the latter, other than the author’s signature, presents four figures
painted with ink. The pegbox is made of maple with 6 pegs made of ebonised
rosewood (5 original and 1 restored) and it has, on the top, a carved and
painted feminine head.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 4. Trombe di S. Pietro (“Saint Peter’s
trumpets”) made of not-enamelled terracotta, Apulia, second half of 20th
century. These instruments, with only some harmonic notes, are devotion
instruments (used by children during St. Peter procession in Grottaglie), made
of single pieces including the mouthpieces. The first is narrow and long (454mm
– 17.85”) with large mouthpiece, the second is more rounded and short (303mm –
11.9”) with smaller mouthpiece, the third is circular, length 1202mm (47.3”),
diameter 409mm (16.1”); the fourth is circular, diameter 292mm (11.5”), it
presents a bell in the shape of a rooster head (typical of Grottaglie); the
fifth is circular with the diameter 261mm (10.25”) wide; the sixth is 267mm
(10.5”) wide made of scratched terracotta and has been made by Rosario Mastro
in mid 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 5. Jaw’s harps (scacciapensieri, marranzani,
guimbarde), small collection of 15 instruments made in 19th and 20th century in
Italy, Austria, England, India, and Afghanistan; the first is English, in the
shape if a horseshoe and is signed J. R. SMITH (brothers operating in early
20th century); the second, entirely decorated, could be Italian; the third is
English with an unusual shape of a cross; the fourth is Sicilian like the
fifth; the sixth and the thirteenth are Afghan; the seventh is signed J. R. SMITH / ENGLAND, the eighth is
an old jaw’s harp from Rajastan (India) called "Morchang"; the ninth
is English and is branded ENGLAND on both arms; the tenth is probably
Sardinian; the eleventh is Austrian; the twelfth is English probably of 18th
century discovered during an excavation therefore only the bronze frame is
lasted while the iron tongue got shuttered; the fourteenth is Sardinian while
the last is Austrian and has a peculiar double tongue. This instrument, with
ancient origins, spread in disparate regions of the world, had its music and
its virtuosos too. Albrechtsberger wrote some concertos for jaw’s harp,
mandora, and strings; in Germany, between 1821 and 1830, concertos for
ensembles made of even 16 jaw’s harps were performed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">M. 7. Frame drum, from Salento, second half of
20th century. The total diameter is 425mm (16.75”) while the diameter of the
lambskin is 415mm (16.35”). The frame, made of beech wood, is 90mm (3.55”)
high.</span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> </span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tympanon recreated starting from a Magna Graecia
terracotta representing a maenad with a tympanon, second half of 3rd century
B.C., found in Taranto in 1959 and inventoried in Taranto Archaeological
National Museum with the number 114302. The instrument has a diameter 445mm
(17.5”) wide; the frame is made of two beech wood bands which are 4mm (0.15”)
wide and 51mm (2”) high. The goat kid leather is tanned with natural
techniques.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 10. Cornamusa (bagpipe) zoppa (from Molise) in
F, made in Scapoli (Isernia), made of lambskin and lambswool, and olive wood.
The bag is small, narrow, and long. There is an embouchure, a mute chanter, a
drone, and two chanters. The right hand chanter presents four front holes and a
sound hole on the bell, the left hand chanter presents four front holes (the
last a double hole), a tone hole, and four sound holes, two on the pipe and two
on the bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 17. Fiscaleddu, Sicilian beak flute, made of
cane in mid 20th century. The instrument shows 6 front holes made with a
red-hot metal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 18. Folk pifferos, made in Apulia in 20th
century, made of brass pipes with six front holes, an embouchure without
mouthpiece, and a stopper at the upper end. These instruments, approximately
made, are used in bassa musica in Apulia and Basilicata. The bassa musica are
ensemble made of a piffero and percussions (bass drum, cymbals, and some snare
drums).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 19. Tritone, (conch), sort of horn made of a big
shell. On its apex, an embouchure has been made. The instrument, from Calabria,
is datable to the first half of 20th century, it is approximately 260 x 25 mm
(10.25” x 1”) long, and it is made of a beautiful white shell producing deep
sounds and changing note according to the position of the hand in the aperture.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 20. Sardinian launeddas (mid 20th century), is a
triplepipe clarinet. The longest pipe is called "Tumbu", has no
natural holes and produces a basso continuo note used as drone for all the
music played. The second pipe is called "Mancosa manna" and is paired
with the Tumbu (on the extreme left) with a binding of tarred twine: it is
played with the left hand with the thumb under it to hold the weight; it has
five small holes, four of them are covered with the fingertips of index finger,
middle finger, ring finger, and little finger. The fifth hole, at the bottom,
called "Pentiadori" or "Arrefinu" always remains open. The
third pipe, shorter than the others, is called "Mancosedda" or
"Destrina" because it is played with the right hand. Every pipe has a
reed made out of the mouthpiece, so that at the end there is still a piece of
the same mouthpiece. The instrument is played putting the three reeds in the
mouth at the same time. The breathing technique to play the Launeddas needs a
separate discussion because the drone has not to be stopped. This imply, on the
part of the player, a perfect knowledge of the “circular breathing", a
particular technique that allows, in brief, to inhale the air by the nose
using, in the same time, the air held in reserve inside the cheeks, inflate by
force. This procedure, usually, takes place during the last quarter of the
measure and must be imperceptible to the listener. The circular breathing is
without doubt one of the most suggestive characteristics of Launeddas music:
whole sonatas are extraordinarily performed without interruptions within
durations that could traditionally be very long (even hours).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 29. Small alphorn, made during the first decades
of 20th century in Switzerland. The instrument has a 525mm (20.65”) long fir
body, the bell with a 43mm (1.7”) wide diameter and it is covered with birch
bark. The alphorn is one of the most ancient woodwind instruments: it is made
of a long wooden trumpet with conical bore, usually straight, and it is more
than 2 meters (78.75”) long, or folded in three pieces. This is the
characteristic instrument of Switzerland, Bavaria, and Austria; it has a wooden
mouthpiece and only produces natural harmonics.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 33. Cornett for baker or crier, with metal
simple reed capped in the embouchure. The instrument, made of brass, datable to
the first decades of 20th century, is 271mm (10.65”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 37. Recorder made out of a cevara inserting on
the foot a wooden recorder beak. The modification was made in France during the
first decades of 20th century. The instrument has a total length of 820mm
(32.3”), it presents seven front holes and on the back the tone hole and two
sound holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 38. Totarella from Pollino, folk double reed
oboe. This instrument accompanies in many performances the Basilicata zampogna
a chiave, and for this reason it is made tuned like the zampogna that
accompanies (G+; F+; 3 palms, etc...), so every piece is an absolutely unique
instrument. The totarella has seven front holes and a back hole (unlike the
shawms from central Italy having 8 + 1 holes) and it is also used as a solo
instrument, with another bigger totarella used as bass. This instrument, 376mm
(14.8”) long, is made of two pieces: the bell, in fact, is screwed in the body.
The totarella is made of olive wood and presents four sound holes, two on the
body and two on the bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 41. Ocarina with two keys and a metal tuning
pipe, Austrian, made of enamelled and painted terracotta during the first
decade of 20th century by Heinrich Fiehn, instrument maker dead in 1941 who,
since 1879, made high quality instruments mainly sold in USA. The instrument
presents an oval where there is the caption H. Fiehn Made in Austria and two
golden medals testifying awards obtained during international exhibitions. The
instrument is 149mm (5.85”) long and presents 8 + 2 open holes and two keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 42. Tubular bells. Handmade instrument called
“tubofono” by its maker, Sgobio Vito Nicola, made of a parallelepipedic box
with trapezoidal base (short sides: 250mm -9.85”- and 150mm -5.9”-; long side:
690mm -27.15”-; height: 145mm -5.7”-) on which there are 21 tubular bells with
a very approximate tuning. The instrument dates back to the second half of 20th
century and later the box has been embellished with a decoupage.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 44. Great highland bagpipe, anonymous, made in
mid of 20th century. This instrument is an air-supplying (bag) aerophone; it
has a double reed for the chanter and single reeds for the three drones (two
tenors and a bass). The bag is made of goat leather while the pipes are made of
African blackwood with finishing made of nickel-plated brass and casein
(artificial ivory), the cover is made of Royal Stewart tartan with the drones
held together by a twine of the same colour. The chanter presents seven front holes
and a back hole other than two sound holes on the bell, and it is 333mm (13.1”)
long, the two tenor drones are 334mm (13.15”) long while the bass drone is
467mm (18.4”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 45. Breton bombard made of boxwood, French,
anonymous, datable to mid 18th century. The instrument is made of two pieces:
the upper body, 292mm (11.5”) long, presents six front holes, while the foot,
147mm (5.8”) long, presents two sound holes on the neck and two on the bell.
This instrument, elegantly turned, has a light bending; like every bombard it
has a single-octave range, and is played with a double reed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 47. Zampogna a chiave, made in Pollino area
during the second half of 20th century. The instrument has a bag made of a
reversed goat leather (with the fur inside) treated with verdigris. The
mouthpiece is made of a piece of cane wrapped in a wood covering and presents a
non-return valve. The stock has conical-frustum shape, richly turned, and at
the base there are four holes for the canes. The stock and the canes are made
of yellow-painted maple. The zampogna a chiave, common in Northern Calabria and
in Basilicata, has conical canes, two chanters (the “manca” and the “destra”
respectively for the left hand and the right hand) and two drones (“trum”, the
longest, and “sc’kantillo”, the shorter) tuned at the octave. All the canes
have a bell and a double reed. The manca has three holes for the fingers and a
key for the little finger with key guard in the shape of a little barrel, on
the key guard there are five sound holes while two sound holes are on the bell.
The length of the manca determines the tuning of the instrument: this one is
three palms and a half and is tuned in E so that it produces the notes A, B, C,
D, E. The destra has five front holes (a double hole for the ring finger) and a
tone hole plus two sound holes on the body and two on the bell, so it produces
the notes G, A, B, C, D, E. The tuning of a zampogna is a very complex
procedure so that the players resort to little wax pieces that modify the width
of the holes, and the sliding of the body on the calzetto (the tenon) to modify
the length. The instrument is equipped with cork stoppers, used to exclude the
drones during the tuning, four double reeds (three well-functioning), and a wax
piece stuck to the stock.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 50. Pipiolu from Barbagia in Eb: the four holes
for the fingers are only on the front and the cane is not stopped by the knurl
that, opportunely broken, is on the lower end. The cork block (“su tupponi”)
presents an about 50° slant, in the inner part, parallel to the angle of the
beak. In Sardinia there are three types of beak flutes: the sulittu in
Marmilla, the so-called Logudoro pipiolu used in Cagliari Campidano, and
Barbagia pipaiolu. The differences between the first two is highlighted by the
number of the holes and by the position of the back hole (respectively 3 + 1
and 4 + 1) in respect of the central knurl of the instrument, while the
Barbagia pipaiolu is different from the other two because of the absence of the
back hole and the position of the knurl. The instrument, conserved by Schilwe
Kerstin, was made in Silius (Sardinia) of seasoned cane, it presents a fipple
(“sa fentana”), carved with knife and the holes finished with red-hot iron, is
126mm (4.95”) long and 20mm (0.8”) wide.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 53. Apulian cupa-cupa, made at the end of 20th
century in Lucugnano (Lecce). These are rubbing drums made of a sound box on
which the goat kid leather lies. In the centre of the leather a cane pole
passes. The sound is produced by the rubbing of a wet hand (protected by a
sponge or a rag) along the pole that transfers the vibrations to the leather.
Apulian instruments generally have a sound box made of a terracotta vase while
Campanian and Basilicata instruments consist of cylinders made of tinplate (generally
large food containers) or wood and with harder leather like those of goat or
donkey. This instrument has numerous synonyms: Caccavella, Spernacchiatore,
Puti-Puti, Pignato, Cute-Cute, Cupello, Pan-Bomba (Spanish origin), Cupi Cupi.
This couple of instruments is made of two vases measuring 203mm (8”) and 185mm
(7.3”), with three handles, decorated with shapes of waves and stripes, and
adorned with tricolour ribbons. The smaller instrument presents a supporting
structure for the pole starting from the handles and finishing with a ring
covered with red fabric.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 60. Goat gemshorn, Italian, dating back to last
years of 20th century. The instrument presents the fipple window, four front
holes and a back hole for the right hand and a vent hole, with the letters G
and M that could make it relate to the maker Giuseppe Minghella from Maranola
(Latina). At the bottom there is a wooden moulded bung with a small slot for
the blowing, while on the top there is a hole for the lace, the total length is
310mm (12.2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 61. Italian ocarina, made by Antonio Canella
(1878-1940) in Ferrara during the first decade of 20th century. He, like
Donati, worked on various types of double ocarinas and invented the bi-ocarina
(one on the other), with a metal piston to modify the tuning. He made even 100
ocarinas per day and exported them all around the world also making artistic
ocarinas for special commissions. This is in C, is 262mm (10.3”) long, and
presents two metal supports, one on the top and a ring nut on the other end. It
is branded ANT CANELLA / FERRARA (Italia), coloured black with plant
decorations around the holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 66. Giant tambourine, datable to the first
decade of 20th century, from Neapolitan area. The instrument has an 830mm
(32.65”) wide diameter and the frame is 125mm (4.9”) high. It has six pairs of
jingles made of tinplate. The membrane is not made of leather but of a thin
sheet of wood with a folk painting representing a couple of dancers in
traditional costume on yellow background and with the Vesuvius at their back.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 73. Whistle from Grottaglie (Taranto) made of
terracotta by Francesco Santoro. They are made of a thin squared foil of clay
with the angles lifted and joined leaving a small squared holes in the centre.
The sound is produced putting the lips on one side and directing the air against
the opposite side. The first has dimensions 53 x 69 mm (2.1” x 2.7”), the
second 65 x 75 mm (2.55” x 2.95”), the third 54 x 50 mm (2.1” x 1.95”), the
fourth 55 x 32 mm (2.15” x 1.25”), and the fifth 45 x 36 mm (1.75” x 1.4”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 74. Turkish military band, six crèche figures of
musicians coming from a Neapolitan crèche dating to the end of 19th century.
The statuettes, made of polychrome wood and fabric, represent six Turkish
musicians. Every figure wears a turban, a blue white-cuffed shirt, a red
waistcoat, white trousers, blue socks, and slippers. Three musicians have dark
skin and three have white skin. They play an oboe, a bombard, a drum, a
serpent, and a horn, while the last is the drum major.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 76. Surdulina in E/Bb, made at the end of 20th
century by Francesco Possidente in Acquaformosa (Cosenza). The surdulina
(sueniciell) is a small pastoral instrument, for transhumance, existent between
the very southern section of Lucania and the most part of the province of
Cosenza, most of all in Arbëreshë community (in the places with Albanian
influence the instrument is called karramunxia). It shows two chanters with the
same length, a drone smaller than the chanters and drone longer then the
chanters (unique case in Italian zampognas). The joint of simple reeds with
tubing which are always perfectly cylindrical and with small diameter, together
with the peculiar disposition of the holes on the two chanters, makes the
surdulina the smallest model of Italian zampogna in circulation. Not only:
together with the zampogna of Fossalto, it is the only case among Italian bag
aerophones that uses double pipes with parallel fingering, typical feature of
Mediterranean and Balkan instruments. This instrument is entirely made of wild
olive with two chanters measuring 128mm (5.05”), with four holes for “ritta”
and “manca”, but with a back hole on the first. The drones measure 58mm (2.3”)
and 156mm (6.15”). The higher drone (fischietto or scandillo) and the manca (left
chanter) are wedged. The stock, with conical-frustum shape, is 155mm (6,1”)
high and, at the base, 98mm (3.85”) wide; on it there is a piece made of
beeswax to modify the opening of the holes and awls, made of wood and of bone,
to shape the wax. The bag is made of kidskin and the mouthpiece is made of cane
inserted in a small olive log.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 79. Stock, two chanters, and two drones of a
Calabrian sordulina in G, datable to the first half of 20th century. There are
two chanter of the same length, a shorter drone and a longer drone, both longer
than the chanters, each one with inner cylindrical bore with diameter measuring
8mm (0.3”). This instrument is made of wood decorated with geometric shapes,
meanders, and leaves except for the longer drone that seems to have been
restored. All the canes finish with large bells (110mm -4.35”- for the chanters,
120mm -4.7”- and 105 -4.15”- for the drones) having a merely aesthetic
function, because the inner bore is always cylindrical. The two chanters,
starting from the stock, measure 208mm (8.2”), with four holes for the fingers
for “ritta” (right hand) and “manca” (left hand); on the first there is a sound
hole, while the second is wedged with a piece of wax that allow to silence the
chanter by closing all the holes. The higher drone (“fischietto” or
“scandillo”) measures 112mm (4.4”) and the lower one (“trumm” or “trombone”)
measures 232mm (9.15”). The stock, with conical-frustum shape, is 131mm (5.15”)
high and, at the base, 135mm (5.3”) wide. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 82. Breton Bombard, anonymous, in G, dating back
to the first decades of the 20th century, in black painted wood. The instrument
has seven front holes with a key and two harmonic holes on the bell, which is
slightly flared, similar to that of clarinets. The key, the two ring hinges and
the double reeds support are made of brass. The instrument is in three pieces
for a total length mm. 475, excluding the reeds support.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 85. Two Pipiolos made of bone (Pipiolu "e
ossu") dating back to the first decades of the twentieth century,
manufactured in Sardinia, in the area of Logudoro, also called "sulittu
del Campidano". This type of zufolo, which has now disappeared, is made
from a bone of lamb shank, and has between three and five holes. These
instruments are very small, the first mm. 67 and the second 72, both in F, have
only two front holes and one rear hole in a position higher than the front ones
and a large labium of mm. 9.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 88. Concert ocarinas in C built in the last
decade of the twentieth century by Fabio Menaglio in red clay. The ocarina,
invented by Giuseppe Donati in Budrio in 1853, is a popular wind musical
instrument, a globular flute with an elongated ovoid shape, just like a small
goose without a head, with a mouthpiece to the side and in the body practiced
various finger holes. In 1989 Fabio Menaglio takes over the firm of Arrigo
Mignani in Budrio even if it is inspired by Cesare Vicinelli, considered by all
to be the greatest ocarinas manufacturer. His instruments are of extraordinary
quality and highly sought after by all the ocarina players. The instruments,
two cut in C1 and one in C3, have at the back two holes for the thumbs and one
of the labium and in the front four holes for the left hand and four for the
right. On the mouthpiece, there is the octagonal mark: outside DITTA ARTIGIANA
- F. MENAGLIO / in the center of BUDRIO. The length is mm. 168 for that in C3,
mm. 123 for those in C1.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 90. Pastoral horn, in bovine horn, Italian, made
by Fabio Anti. Seven front holes plus a lower rear hole for intonation. The
base, closed by a wooden wedge with a small slot for insufflation, is oval and
measures 94 x 74 mm. The total length is about 430 mm. The instrument is
decorated with ivory paint.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 91. Musical saw, also called singer saw or bow
saw, dating from the first half of the 20th century. This is an atypical
musical instrument: it is formed by a normal trapezoidal carpenter's saw in
steel, it is played with a violin bow. You play seated, with the handle of the
saw between your thighs, your teeth turned towards us and the tip grasped with
your left hand. The sound is at the same time sweet and vibrant, whining; may
remember that of the theremin. Agility and short notes are not possible, given
the long resonance of the blade. The dynamic is rather limited. In addition to
the sound produced with the bow, the saw can also be played with soft drum
sticks, creating a mysterious effect. Although it is listed among the
"accessory" instruments of percussionists, the musical saw requires a
certain skill in the use of the bow and a good melodic ear. The instrument is
then played by a specialist, a percussionist or a string instrument player with
the necessary mental openness. It was born as a popular instrument around the
middle of the nineteenth century. Starting from the 1920s he had some use in
light music, circus, variety and jazz orchestras. One of the great virtuosos of
this curious instrument is the German Friedrich who in 1928 played a solo recital
directed by Erich Kleiber at the Berlin State Opera. The saw appears, among
other compositions, in works by Mauricio Kagel, Krzysztof Penderecki, Azio
Corghi, Salvatore Sciarrino, Fabio Nieder. It is not necessary to know the
music to play a musical saw. You can simply play it by ear. The dimensions of
the instrument are: length mm. 554, blade height at tip mm. 60 and height of
the handle mm. 119.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 93. Keyed bagpipes in G (three palms), made in
Prato Perillo, the most populous hamlet in the municipality of Teggiano, in the
province of Salerno. This type of instrument is prevalent in the province of
Salerno and the peculiarity is that the short chanter is played with the left
hand while the long one, with the key, is played with the right. These
instruments are made from two types of wood: maple bells and olive body. The
bag is made of a goatskin, the holes in which are sewn except for a back leg where
the mouthpiece is housed and the neck where the stump is placed. The reeds,
which all start from the stump, are called destra or dritta or ritta, then
there is the mancina or manca; the major bourdon is called trombo or contra and
the minor bourdon is called fischietto or moschetto or scandillo. All reeds are
double. The manca is 382 mm., has five holes (one at the back for the left
thumb) with the IV double hole of which one, the right, is plugged with wax:
there are also five intonation holes the first plugged. two at the end of the
spindle and two on the bell. The ritta is mm. 694 with grave note G, it has
three holes plus one controlled by an iron key. The key is hidden by a barrel
with many holes and the bell shows four pitch holes. The two bourdons have no
holes, they have a cork to silence them, they are mm. 319 and mm. 145 and emit
D and G; the body are in two pieces, olive and maple.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 94. Nasal flute "INDIA JAZZ FLUTE".
This instrument is a small device, it is played with the nose. The sound
production mechanism is similar to that of a recorder: the air emitted by the
nose breaks on a sharp edge and directs the flow towards the player's open
mouth so that the movement of the cheeks changes the internal volume and
therefore the note. In the second half of the 19th century, the nose flute was
made of wood, metal or ivory, later it was built in tin and was also marketed
under other names such as Magic Flute, Humantone and Humanaphone. In the late
1930s, plastic nasal flutes were introduced as children's toys and became quite
popular. This instrument was produced in the USA and distributed in France by
Roger Lagrange of Arcueil in the first decade of the 20th century. It is all in
tin, mm high. 85 and wide mm. 53. The upper part has two fins that cover the
nostrils, the emitted air is conveyed into a narrow slot and fringes on a thin
sheet. The lower part has a quadrangular slit, topped with a small shelf on
which the upper lip rests, which allows you to suck in the air and emit the
sound using the oral cavity as a resonance box.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 95. Surdulina wooden log, two chanters and two
drones, in C from Lucana, datable to the first half of the 20th century. The
instrument is attributed to Carmine Salamone, one of the great virtuoso of
surdulina, in the area of Pollino: originally from San Paolo Albanese, but
lived in the territory of Terranova di Pollino, in Val Sermento. There are two
chanters of equal length of mm. 200, a minor drone (the acute one called
"bordone" or "scandillo") of mm. 133 and a major drone
(trumm or trombone) of mm. 268, all with internal cylindrical chamber. This
instrument is made of mulberry wood. All the pipes end in pavilions with a
diameter of mm. 58 for the chanter, 64 and 42 for the drones, with only
aesthetic function because the internal hole is always cylindrical. The two
chanters, with four holes for the fingers per ritta and manca: on the first one
there is a resonance hole, while the second one is wedged by a piece of wood
that allows to silence it by closing all the holes. The log, truncated cone, is
120 mm high, and wide, at the base 84 and above 60. On it there is a piece of
beeswax to modify the opening of the holes thus correcting the intonation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 96. Ebony castanets. Castanets are shaking
idiophones consisting of a central piece, in the shape of a St James' shell,
ending in a long handle and two concave clappers, hinged to the top of the
instrument, of the same shape as the central piece. The sound is generated by
the concussion of the two free clappers against the central piece. Those made
of ebony are professional instruments, for percussionists in orchestras. The
first is a single castanet, 185 mm long, while the width of the clappers is 45
mm. The second is a double castanet, consisting of a central handle which ends,
at both ends, with two central pieces to which the two clappers are hinged with
red fabric. The total length is 248 mm. The instruments can be dated to the
middle of the 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 97. Neapolitan scetavajasse, datable to the
first decades of the 20th century. The scetavajasse is a musical instrument
made up of two wooden sticks, one of which is notched and longer, with tin
saucers on one of its sides: this is generally held in the right hand and
rubbed with great force against the other stick to produce a rhythmic and
intense sound (called nfrunfrù), in an attempt, according to some sources, to
evoke the sound of the waves of the sea. The other stick, which is smaller and
has a quadrangular cross-section, is held over the shoulder to produce a
composite sound caused by the impact of the notches on the wood and the
tinkling of the discs. The musician's movement may resemble that of a
violinist. The scetavajasse originates from a domestic rather than a musical use.
In fact, the word itself means wake-up call (sceta) serve (vajasse), an
operation carried out by rubbing together the two sticks that make up this
instrument. Very often the scetavajasse, in popular festivals, is not used
alone but accompanied by the putipù and triccheballacche. The instrument is 660
mm long: at one end are fixed two tin saucers with a diameter of 110 mm and at
the other end are fixed two bicycle bell resonators with three spherical brass
rattles. On the side opposite the indented part are thirteen rattles, each
consisting of four tin saucers of decreasing size. The small stick, rectangular
section, is 540 mm long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 102. Trumpets of St Peter's made in 2022. There are
three instruments: the first, of truncated cone form, in graffitoed and
unglazed terracotta with yellow glazed mouthpiece. The instrument comes from
the Francesco Annicchiarico factory in Grottaglie (TA). In addition to the rich
graffiti all over the body, there are seven flowers in the lower part of the
body. The total length is mm.262, the diameter of the bell is mm.108 and that
of the mouthpiece is mm.48. The second trumpet is circular, in unglazed terracotta
with a yellow glazed mouthpiece. The instrument comes from the Francesco
Annicchiarico factory in Grottaglie (TA). The maximum diameter is 201 mm, that
of the bell is 111 and that of the mouthpiece is 49 mm. The third is circular
with a bell in the shape of a cock's head, in unglazed terracotta with a yellow
glazed mouthpiece. The instrument comes from the Francesco Annicchiarico
factory in Grottaglie (TA). The maximum diameter is mm. 121 and that of the
mouthpiece mm.47.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 103. Ocarinas in unglazed terracotta manufactured
in Grottaglie (TA) in the last years of the 20th century. The two instruments
have eight holes at the top and two at the bottom plus a hole at the tip,
outside the sound chamber, to hang the instrument. The lowest note emitted by
the two ocarinas is B, their length is mm. 161 and 163 and have three small
feet on the lower face.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 104. Neapolitan Triccheballacche, datable to the
mid-20th century, anonymous. It is made of wood painted green and red with
twenty-four pairs of saucers distributed on the hammers, plugs and frame. The
height of the central hammer is mm. 619, the width of the frame that regulates
the stroke of the hammers is mm. 483 and the base is mm. 176. The
triccheballacche is a traditional musical instrument of southern Italy, typical
of the Naples area, consisting of three wooden hammers strung together. The
three hammers are parallel to each other, while the two wooden frames are
perpendicular to the hammers. The frame placed at the bottom joins the three
hammers, the second frame placed higher up allows the two outer hammers to have
an excursion, while governing the maximum play they can have while the central
hammer is fixed. In some examples, the hammers have rattles and bells, so that
each beat of the hammer produces a percussive sound and the sound of the
saucers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 105. Mamuthones bell, Sardinian, all brass, datable
to the first half of the 20th century. the instrument has a maximum width of
mm. 116 by mm. 125 in height. it has an iron clapper, a handle and a wave
decoration. The instrument is a cuartesa, it is in fact round in shape, used
mainly in the Campidano area, while the dimensions place it as a dezinu, of
intermediate size. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 106. Triccheballacche made in Campania, datable to
the mid-20th century, anonymous. It is made of walnut stained wood with five
pairs of saucers, made from pieces of tin painted red, distributed over the
hammers. The height of the hammers is mm. 494, the width of the frame
regulating the stroke of the hammers is mm. 445 and is finished with coloured
ribbons. The frame placed in the lower part unites the three hammers, the
second frame placed higher up allows the two outer hammers to have a stroke,
while governing the maximum play they can have while the central hammer is
fixed. In some examples, the hammers have rattles and bells so that each beat
of the hammer produces a percussive sound and the sound of the saucers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 107. Ciaramella, made in Teggiano in the mid-19th
century, was used in tandem with the left-handed bagpipe. This finely turned
instrument consists of a body and bell made of chestnut wood joined by screws.
The body has eight holes at the front, the last one plugged with wax, and one
at the back plus one resonance hole placed laterally near the bell on which two
other resonance holes are drilled. Total length mm. 343.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 108. Keyed bagpipe in G (three palms), made in
Prato Perillo, a hamlet of Teggiano, in the province of Salerno. The short
chanter is played with the left hand while the long one, with the key, is
played with the right. These instruments are made of two types of wood: the
bells are made of maple and the bodies of olive. There is no bag but only the
stump, mm. 180, with the four reeds and the mouthpiece with the non-return
valve. All the reeds are double. The manca is mm. 430, emits E as the lowest
note, has five holes (one at the back for the left thumb) with five pitch holes
the first on the body, two at the end of the spindle and two on the bell. The
ritta is mm. 662 with a low A note, has three holes plus one controlled by an
iron key. The key is hidden by a barrel with eight holes and the bell has four
tuning holes. The two bourdons have no holes, they have a cork to silence them,
they are 359 mm. and 125 mm. long and emit C and A; the body are in two pieces,
olive and maple. the mouthpiece is 119 mm. long and, at the top, has the usual
plastic blowpipe. There is also another cane of mm. 319 3 a bell of mm. 109.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 109. Cattle and mamuthones bells made in Sardinia.
They have an oval mouth, datable to the first half of the 20th century. There
are eight bells, made of brass: the first three with a small brass clapper, the
others with an iron clapper.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 110. Four sonorous distaffs from the Calabrian area
datable between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th
century. The distaff had a use function (a spinning tool) and a symbolic one
(symbol of women's work and domestic virtues). It generally consisted of a
handle, a bulge and a figurine at the top representing the beloved woman. The
distaff is connected to domestic work and to female virtues for which it was
often a wedding or engagement gift. Other symbolic values are attributed to the
sonorous distaff. In fact, it had a control function over the work: the
movement of pebbles, pellets, dried legumes or other, contained in the
swelling, determines a sort of rhythmic scansion that accompanies the work and
prevents it from being overlooked. An original purpose of a magical nature has
also been hypothesized: the sound was meant to keep evil spirits away. They all
have a cylindrical handle with a lower foot. The first has the swelling with
five external and five internal interlocking slats with a containment band and
pebbles inside. The external ones are decorated with black designs on an ocher
background while the internal ones are colored in red. The terminal part
consists of a standing female figure with long hair, a necklace, earrings and a
sort of crown on her head. Her cloak is painted blue with yellow friezes while
her dress is red. The overall height is mm. 298, the diameter of the swelling
of mm. 60 and the height of the figure of mm. 114. The second has the swelling
with five external and five interlocking internal slats, painted in dark brown,
with a containment band and pebbles inside. The terminal part consists of a
female figure standing on a pedestal, with hair gathered behind her neck and
hands resting on her belly. The overall height is mm. 314, the diameter of the
bulge of mm. 60 and the height of the figure of mm. 114. The third has the
swelling with four external and four interlocking internal splints, painted in
brown, with a containment band and pebbles inside. The terminal part consists
of a stylized figure with a helmet on a quadrangular base, standing on a
pedestal. The overall height is mm. 253, the diameter of the swelling mm. 53
and the height of the figure of mm. 98. The fourth has the swelling with four
external and four interlocking internal splints, painted in dark brown, with a
containment band and pebbles inside. The terminal part consists of a standing
female figure with long hair gathered behind her shoulders, hands on her belly
and an embroidered dress. The overall height is mm. 268, the diameter of the
bulge of mm. 55 and the height of the figure of mm. 99.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 111. French naval signaling siren (klaxon), built
in 1874. The instrument is entirely made of brass, mm long. 548, the diameter
of the bell is mm. 158. Issues the note Re. On the vent hole there is the
writing: "AUTOMATIC - ANCHE", BTEÉ S. G. D. G., MODEL / DEPOSÉ. On
the mouthpiece the writing is: BREVETE / S. G. D. G. / FRANCE & ETRANGER
and, on the opposite side, the monogram G C. On the base of the trumpet there
is the writing: LE TROMBLON / BREVETE S. G. D. G. / MODELE DEPOSE. On the tip of
the internal resonator there is the writing: BREVETE S. G. D. G. The Tromblon
was a ship steam gunboat and auxiliary sail (gunboat) of the French Navy in
active service from 1875 to 1881. It participated in the Tunisia campaign of
1881. It concluded its career in 1898 as a target ship and ended up sunk in the
Anse aux Sablette by fire from the Saint-Elme battery not far from
Saint-Mandrier in the Var, one kilometer south of the Pointe de Saint-Elme.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 112. Ocarina in C, made of white polylactic acid
(PLA) filament with 3D printer by Vincenzo Annicchiarico of Grottaglie. The
instrument is 135 mm long, 80 mm wide at the mouthpiece and the maximum
thickness is 45 mm. There are eight front holes (the third and seventh double)
and two rear holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 113. Two whistles made in polylactic acid (PLA)
filament; one white and the other in black PLA with a 3D printer by Vincenzo
Annicchiarico of Grottaglie. The dimensions are mm. 50 x 25; they have a thin
insufflation hole and, at the top, the labium hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">M. 114. Popular whistle made from a large apricot
stone. This whistle is made by cutting the upper part of the apricot stone so
as to obtain a sharp edge on which the air is blown out and emptying the inner
almond to create a resonance chamber.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 6. Turkish flute, dating back to the last
decades of the Ottoman Empire. The instrument, made of bronze, is 778mm (30.6”)
long, and is open at both ends. The flute is played holding it obliquely and
leaning the upper extremity of the lower lip, it presents two sound holes on
the foot, 7 front holes, and a back hole to produce the notes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 7. Turret recorder (cevara), 19th century,
oriental make, 7 holes and a tone hole, dark-stained reddish wood with nickel
silver decorations. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 8. Recorder (cevara) datable to the end of
19th century, turret embouchure with bulb ending, body made of mahogany with
seven ring nuts, embouchure and foot made of ebony. It is 670mm (26.35”) long
and presents seven front holes, a back tone hole, and a sound hole on the foot.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 9. Double pan flute, Bolivian, made of
bamboo cane, 20th century. The panflutes are made of a series of flutes with
different length held together in the shape of a raft. The pipes have not holes
for the finger, the lower end is closed, and the sound is produced blowing in
the upper holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 10. Dvojnice, 2 specimens, first half of 20th
century, one (317mm – 12.5”) with simple pipe (frula) and 6 front holes, and
the other (321mm – 12.65”) with double pipe having four front holes on the
right pipe and three holes on the left pipe. The dvojnices are doublepipes
flutes from Dalmatia, richly decorated with geometric intaglios, and obtained
from a single wooden block.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 17. Gusla, string instrument from Serbia or
Dalmatia with body and handle obtained from a single wooden piece (maple),
richly marquetried; the only string, starting from a long peg passing through
the handle, is made of twisted horsehair and the bow hair are made of horsehair
too. The sound board is made of a sheep leather membrane tighten on the border
of the soundbox while the string passes through a hole on the upper side of the
bridge. The player sits while playing, holding vertically the instrument on the
knees and singing; the gusla has not a fixed chorister instrument but it is
adapted according to the singer playing. Since there is not a fingerboard the
string is fingered sideways with the fingertips of the index finger, the middle
finger, and the little finger (the ring finger is never used), without touching
the handle. The length is 625mm (24.6”) including the handle sculpted in the
shape of a horsehead, while the bow, also decorated, is 398mm (15.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 41. Kis-la, Finnish psaltery of 19th century.
This ancient instrument was part of the collection of Alessandro Kraus (born in
Florence, October 12, 1853 – dead in Fiesole, May 21, 1931) who was a very
famous Sammarinese musicologist, pianist, organologist, and collector of
musical instruments. The instrument is organologically, historically, and
documentary extremely important, because it is really rare, also because it is
extinct in the origin ethnic group. It is on the catalogue of instruments of
Kraus collection with n° 119 of the archiving. The caption of the catalogue
says: Kis-la, Psaltery of Maris. The original label handwritten by Kraus has
the caption: Kisla / Salterio dei Ceremissi / di Siberia / XIX S° / (Asia).
This instrument was bought and brought to Italy by Kraus himself during a stay
in Northern Europe, (Alessandro Kraus musicologo and antropologo, Gabriele
Rossi Rognoni, Giunti Editore, 2004) and he also described the playing methods
and the timbre possibilities. This instrument presents 21 original gut strings,
length 840mm (33.05”), wooden pegs. The sound board (in two pieces) and the
body are made of fir and on the board there are two hard wood planks, in the
shape of parabola arc, with the strings tightened between them.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 42. Bulgarian gadulka, made in mid 20th
century. This is the most representative rubbed string instrument in Bulgarian
folk music bands. It is pyriform and recalls very much the rebec, having the
neck and the body obtained out of a single piece of carved wood and a large
superimposed soundboard with two D-shaped sound holes. Unlike other types of
fidels and lyres, the gadulka, other than the three playing strings, has
numerous sympathetic strings. The three metal playing strings are tuned in A,
E, A while the nine sympathetic strings are tuned in B, C#, D, E, F#, G, G#, A,
B. The pegs are carved with a knife, very sturdy for the playing strings and
the central string support, more slender for the others: the strings start from
the pegs, without a nut they arrive to the bridge with superficial attachments
for the playing strings, very deep for the sympathetic strings. This instrument
is played vertically with a horsehair bow and the notes are produced lightly
fingering the strings without touching the neck.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 48. Multiple fujara with single head joint and
three feet (in F, in G, and in A) made by Dušan Holík with carved wood and
pyrographated with floral figures. The fujara is made out of a long elder
branch dried for several years before being hollowed by hand, while a smaller
one (about 70cm – 27.55” long) is used for the blowing pipe with, at the end, a
bocal made of maple: the two pieces are held together with leather twine and
communicate by means of a bridge at the top of the instrument. It is a contrabass
Slovakian flute (lit. shepherd’s pipe), only known in a small area in mountains
of Central Slovakia and in Podpoľanie (below the Poľana Mountains), it has had
a large spread in 20th century becoming a symbol of Slovakian culture, being
declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, in 2005. The
fujara is a harmonic flute with three holes for the fingers on the foot and the
harmonics are produced by varying the pressure of blowing. The length of the
instrument is 200 cm (78.75”) with the foot in F, 180cm (70.85”) with the foot
in G, and 160cm (63”) with the foot in A.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 49. Dutch midwinterhoorn (lit. midwinter horn),
datable to early 20th century. This is an ancient wind warning instrument, the
first iconographic documents date back to 15th century, it is used even now in
Twente, Veluwe, in South-East of Drenthe, in Achterhoek, and in some towns in
Germany just beyond the border as a folkloric instrument. It is similar to an
Alphorn: it has the body, lightly curved, made of birch, with an elder
mouthpiece with distinctly ovoid shape. It is a natural horn and only produces
harmonics. In Twente and in Achterhoek it is only played between the first
Sunday of Advent ("anbloazen") and Epiphany ("afbloazen")
spreading the dark and majestic sound in the valleys. The instrument is 790mm
(31.1”) long, while the mouthpiece is 140mm (5.5”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 51. Bolivian charango, anonymous, but
attributable to Isaac Rivas Romero (1913 - 1976), dating back to the first half
of 20th century, commercialised in Mexico. This is an instrument with five
courses of two strings (tuned in E5-E5, A4-A4, E5-E4, C5-C5 and G4-G4), with
bowlback made of armadillo shell. When the Spanish conquistadores arrived in
South America, took the vihuela and the lute. The history says that the native
musicians liked the sound of these instruments but they had not the technology
to mould the wood into staves so they used the shell of the armadillo. The
charango was born during the first part of 18th century in Potosí in Real
Audiencia of Charcas and keeps even now the particular tuning similar to other
South American instruments. The armadillos are now a threatened species so that
the instruments made starting from the second half of the century are entirely
made of wood. This instrument is 621mm (24.45”) long, and the vibrating length
is 351mm (13.8”), it has a sound board made of fir with a semicircular sound
hole, and, inside, the writing moli.. / gua.. / a. obregon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 55. Bulgarian kaval datable to the first half
of 20th century. The typical instruments of Bulgarian folk music are the kaval
and a bagpipe called gaida. The
instrument is made of three ashwood pieces with two ring nuts made of pale horn
and the two ends painted black; it has 8 holes (7 on the front and one on the
back for the thumb) and four sound holes near the bottom. Unlike the side-blown
flute, the kaval is completely open at the two ends, and it is played blowing on
the thin border of one end. It is 630mm (24.8”) long, the diameter of the holes
is 8mm (0.3”), the embouchure hole is 16mm (0.6”). <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 56. Djura gaida branded Π Д datable to mid 20th
century. This instrument, with a higher tuning and coming from Thrace, is
commonly played for melodies while a lower type, called Kaba Gaida, is
preferred to accompany singings and ballads. The gaida, (gajda), is a bag pipe
widespread in Balkan regions; it is played in Bulgaria, Macedonia, Thrace
regions, and Greece. Similar instruments can be found in Albania, Romania,
Turkey, and in the whole Balkan Peninsula. The bag of the instrument is made
out of treated goat or sheep leather. Though a short and conical bocal, the
player fill up the bag with the air, a non-return valve prevents the air to go
out from the bocal itself, but to go out through the drone, giving a continuous
note, and through the chanter that allows to modulate the sounds by opening or
closing the holes with the fingers. During the use of the gaida, the drone is
leant against the shoulder of the player. This instrument is made of ashwood,
the bocal is 83mm (3.25”) long, the chanter is 247mm (9.7”), and the drone, in
three pieces, is 537mm (21.15”). The chanter is cylindrical, has six front
holes, a back hole, and the flea-hole for the half steps. Both the chanter and
the drone have a simple reed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 69. Tamburitza, sort of small lute with a flat
bottom, narrow neck and long, Persian origin, but affirmed in the Croatian
popular music. The instrument can be dated to the first half of the twentieth
century, marked Shneider / Zagreb. Francis Schneider (March 29, 1903 Končanica
near Daruvar - November 30, 1966 Zagreb), thirteen, was a pupil of Lenhardt in
Pecs, then worked for Pilat in Budapest until 1924. From 1925 he opened his own
workshop in Pakrac and Zagreb since 1928. He settled here and it was the first
and largest manufacturer of musical instruments in the former Yugoslavia and
employs 35 employees in the construction of stringed instruments. The
"laboratory of the Master for the restoration and construction of stringed
Franjo Schneider" tools was created in 1983 thanks to the donation of his
daughter Erna Schneider Nikolic, for the conservation and management of the
School of Applied Arts, and in 1994, Zagreb School direct Music by Darko
Stipešević. The instrument has five strings, has a total length mm. 625 while
the resonating chamber, carved from a single block of wood, is mm. 151 x 215.
There are 23 metal frets, the belly is in fir tree, without hole, the upper
part is covered by a thin sheet of rose wood, while the lower part shows two
roses to five holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="color: white;">N. 84. Serbian frula, datable to the second half
of the twentieth century. This fipple flute is part of the pastoral tools used
in Serbia but also in Croatia and in many Balkan countries. It is richly
decorated with carvings of geometric figures and obtained from a single block
of wood, with a simple barrel, with five holes in the front and an approximate
labium for a length of mm. 320.</span></span></p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4RqmPa3erORcauVmWK4GrUSVwCGevO5cKKSnB-PNqqMG9EDsLtjOFXeruOdGOHwkDaNF_TadUO1242SuAXx3M6viouvAxf1ZTmcHSp9nlKov9ejpIzF3WF2PxFi11M3XBFd7md6GjWcs/s1600/griglia+mmeccanica+19.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="496" data-original-width="1600" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4RqmPa3erORcauVmWK4GrUSVwCGevO5cKKSnB-PNqqMG9EDsLtjOFXeruOdGOHwkDaNF_TadUO1242SuAXx3M6viouvAxf1ZTmcHSp9nlKov9ejpIzF3WF2PxFi11M3XBFd7md6GjWcs/s640/griglia+mmeccanica+19.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFHoAfvvVqt5XH7o43tm2Sa4pftyfv8-JvpWObbEv8Zg7239o9LiUNZ-Z_mGy4239IsRwhhLXhG87fyV9UYZTA0AAWw3ASvcgCTT_HNOanWrv4DfpDS3YHsRDedUlvN4kUQOAqwefkzU3g5GkCBfl9WlH2Rwwqm5ib5fc0H9d7yKZED4BLK5lOxsk-/s2290/griglia%20mmeccanica%2020.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="709" data-original-width="2290" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFHoAfvvVqt5XH7o43tm2Sa4pftyfv8-JvpWObbEv8Zg7239o9LiUNZ-Z_mGy4239IsRwhhLXhG87fyV9UYZTA0AAWw3ASvcgCTT_HNOanWrv4DfpDS3YHsRDedUlvN4kUQOAqwefkzU3g5GkCBfl9WlH2Rwwqm5ib5fc0H9d7yKZED4BLK5lOxsk-/w640-h198/griglia%20mmeccanica%2020.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXNgP6ERl4b9lCnTYzbys5Kcbw3Thklck7uWl1O5edX-dCW2A3bhdvTMPU6edojqslAFCnLcE-SKd9qo8odyIhdKiIHRFRBpHkzfE8Jp5UEAtJXMGVTCWVjoiKlQHGqfl-e3WKGh1bSG45iroJ_M0QZL3zWOD2kMBm80eeB0KWtaoe5ixNpiS7PDVSpr8/s2290/griglia%20mmeccanica%2021.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="709" data-original-width="2290" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXNgP6ERl4b9lCnTYzbys5Kcbw3Thklck7uWl1O5edX-dCW2A3bhdvTMPU6edojqslAFCnLcE-SKd9qo8odyIhdKiIHRFRBpHkzfE8Jp5UEAtJXMGVTCWVjoiKlQHGqfl-e3WKGh1bSG45iroJ_M0QZL3zWOD2kMBm80eeB0KWtaoe5ixNpiS7PDVSpr8/w640-h198/griglia%20mmeccanica%2021.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: white;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 1. Chair-shaped barrel
piano to be carried on shoulder, made by Gillone di Casale Monferrato during
the first decades of 19th century. The sounbox, particularly refined, is made
of walnut entirely marquetried in rosewood and maple, the sound board is made
of maple. The machinery, that allows to change the pieces, and the crank are
made of bronze, the pinned music roll and the worm gear are made of beechwood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 3. Rolmonica, sort of
harmonica that plays with a music roll made of pierced paper. Made during the
first decades of 20th century in USA, it presents the caption: ROLMONICA /
TRADE MARK REG / PATD 11-3-25 OTHER PATENTS PENOING 6-5-28. The instrument is
made of celluloid, with dimensions of 88 x 104 mm (3.45” x 4.1”) and it
presents 12 holes for the two-tonal metal reeds, an embouchure, and two small
wooden cranks for the unrolling and the rewinding of the roll. This instrument
has 11 rolls with as many music pieces.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 4. Reed musical box with
music on pierced music rolls (organina). Germany, the probable maker was Welte
from Freiburg, mid 19th century. It works by a crank activating two pairs of
bellows with alternated valves that carry the air to two rows of 11 free reeds.
The instrument has a music roll made of pierced paper, 2.5m long, with the
melody of a waltz.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 5. Music box from Sorrento
made during the first decades of 20th century. The instrument is a jewellery
box with three compartments, very fine make, with a floral marquetry made of
numerous woods. The music box, made of music roll and metal comb, gets started
with the opening of the cover and plays the song “O’ sole mio”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 7. Intona, reed music box
made in Germany between the end of 19th century and the beginning of the
following. The instrument works thanks to a crank that activates the bellows
and makes the pierced disk rotates. The reading system is negative, that is the
holes of the disks free some jacks that, by means of levers, make the pallets
open or close. The disks are made of metal (more resistant than the inexpensive
ones made of cardboard).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 8. Toy gramophone, datable
to the third decade of 20th century, made in Germany. The gramophone has
triangular shape (the side is 17 cm -6.7”- long, while the base is 15 cm -5.9”-
long and is lightly convex) and it is 63 mm (2.5”) high, it is made of coloured
tinplate with figures of three kid musicians per side, it has spring winding
with a lever that allows to choose two rotating speeds of the turntable and the
rest position, and it works with 78 rpm records with diameter 15 cm (5.9”)
wide.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 9. Kiddyphone, gramophone
for kids made of tinplate, working with 78 rpm records with diameter 15 cm
(5.9”) wide. Datable to the second decade of 20th century, it has cylindrical
shape with 168mm (6.6) wide diameter, 80mm (3.15”) high; there is a tone-arm with
the needle and the sound box, and a 145mm (5.7”) long horn. The circumference
is divided in four parts; on three of them there are scenes of children, on the
fourth is printed: Kiddyphone trade mark / MADE IN GERMANY / Regd. M.R. N° 5019
/ U.S.A. PAT. APPL. FOR.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 10. Gem Roller Organ,
mechanical organ with pinned music rolls, made in USA (patented 1887) by The
Autophone Company Of Ithica manufacturer from New York at the end of 19th
century. The instrument works thanks to a crank; a back bellows keeps the space
empty while the two lower bellows carry the air against twenty metal reeds,
made free by the movement of the pinned roll. The instrument is made of fir
painted black while the writings and the decorations are made of golden
varnish, and there are four music rolls. Three of them have not the title of
the piece, while on the other one is written: 109 Marching Thru Georgia.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 11. Gramophone for children
made of tinplate during the first decades of 20th century in Germany. The
instrument, rounded, with diameter measuring 152mm (6”) and the height
measuring 96mm (3.75”); on the circumference there are four pictures of
singings and dances, and the writing: D.R.G.M., GRANCA FLUN, MADE IN GERMANY.
The charge is by key and it works with 78 rpm records with diameter 15 cm
(5.9”) wide. The needle, the sound box, and the horn are arranged on a tone-arm
on one side of the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 12. Nirona gramophone,
datable to the third decade of 20th century, branded: FABRIQUE FN ALLEMAGNE,
made of red iron, quadrangular. The height is 128mm (5.05”) while the side is
198mm (7.8”). The charge is by crank and it works with 78 rpm records with
diameter 15 cm (5.9”) wide. The needle and the sound box (in a red metal cone)
are arranged on a tone-arm on one corner of the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 13. Toy gramophone, Triumph
brand, quadrangular, made of iron painted red, German, datable to the third
decade of 20th century. The charge is by crank and it works with 78 rpm records
with diameter 15 cm (5.9”) wide. The needle and the sound box are arranged on a
tone-arm on one side of the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 14. Toy gramophone, German,
Bing Valora brand, datable to the third decade of 20th century, with triangular
shape, dark green. The charge is by crank, on one side, and it works with 78
rpm records with diameter 15 cm (5.9”) wide. The needle and the sound box are
arranged on a tone-arm on the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 15. Toy gramophone, Bingola
III brand, German, datable to the third decade of 20th century, with triangular
shape, red. The charge is by crank, on one side, and it works with 78 rpm
records with diameter 15 cm (5.9”) wide. The needle and the sound box are arranged
on a tone-arm on the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 16. Toy gramophone, Bingola
II brand, German, datable to the third decade of 20th century, with triangular
shape, beige. The charge is by crank, on one side, and it works with 78 rpm
records with diameter 15 cm (5.9”) wide. The needle and the sound box are
arranged on a tone-arm on the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 17. Toy gramophone, Bing
Valora brand, datable to the third decade of 20th century, with triangular
shape, coloured imitating the wood. The charge is by crank, on one side, and it
works with 78 rpm records with diameter 15 cm (5.9”) wide. The needle and the sound
box are arranged on a tone-arm on the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 18. Gramophone for children,
American, branded: ELECTRIC PHONOGRAPH / MODEL M 4007 / MADE IN U.S.A. / SPEAR
PROCUTS INC. / BRIDGEPOST. CONN. The movement is activated by an electric
motor, and it is datable to the fourth decade of 20th century. The body, made
of red and yellow tinplate, is decorated with pictures for children, it has
triangular shape (325mm -12.8”- long and 196mm -7.7”- wide), and the tone-arm,
on the acute top, has the sound box and the needle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 19. German crank gramophone,
with double mechanism to make the duration of the charge longer. Variable
speed, about 78 rpm. Body made of fir stained with walnut, quadrangular.
Turntable and horn elbow, in the shape of swan neck, made of cast iron, German
reproducer branded with a diapason. Horn made of white and green tinplate.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 20. Edison phonograph
branded: TRADE / THOMAS EDISON / MARK / HOME, made in 1903. On the cover the
writing EDISON / HOME / PHONOGRAPH is stamped. The phonograph is a sound
reproducer invented by Thomas Edison in 1877 and is made of metal cylinder
shaft, activated by a spring charged by a crank, on which rotates a wax
cylinder previously recorded with an instrument called dictation machine. The
needle of the reproducer courses on the groove recorded on the wax and
transmits the sound to an amplifying horn. The cylinders earlier lasted two
minutes, later they lasted four. The luck of Edison and his phonograph rapidly
collapsed with the arrival of records. This instrument is contained in a wooden
case measuring 40 x 215 x 150 mm (1.55” x 8.45” x 5.9”) with a handled
semicylindrical cover that is 150mm (5.9”) high. The huge black horn, divided
in eleven sections, is sustained by a metal structure.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 21. Wax cylinders (17) for
Edison phonograph in their original boxes, duration of two or four minutes. The
cylinders were produced during the first decade of 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 22. Theremin made at the end
of 20th century in USA. This instrument was invented in 1919 by the Russian
Leon Theremin and can be considered in effect one of the first completely
electronic musical instruments. The aspect that makes this instrument really singular
is its working: it is played without being touched! It is made of two antennas,
approaching or distancing the hand to the vertical antenna you can control the
intonation, while with the horizontal antenna you can control the volume. The
two antennas are fixed on a chassis, containing the electronic circuits,
measuring 193 x 62 x 110 mm (7.6” x 2.45” x 4.35”), with two control knobs
regulating the starting and the intonation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 23. Magnetophon Geloso G256
that was called "Gelosino" for its small dimensions. It has only two
valves (12AX7 and UL41) with a selenium redirector. It was created in around
1955 by the Geloso manufacturer, founded by John Geloso, born in 1901 in Argentina;
his Piedmontese parents came back to Italy in 1904. This big Italian
manufacturer, thanks to its quality and reliable radio receivers, recording
devices, and amplifiers allowed us, throughout more than thirty years (about
1950 - 1970), to record songs, listen to the radio, to voice cinemas, clubs,
squares, and churches. This model is the successor of the famous G255, from
which it took the nice coloured button panel and the arrangement of the
controls, other than the "roundish" look. It is an excellent tape
recorder used for music recorders. It has, in the middle of the front, an EM80
valve, the magic eye tube used as an indication of record amplitude.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 24. Phonograph-radio device
with record-stand and drinks cabinet, datable to around 1950. The valve radio,
with wooden cabinet, Taurus model, made by the famous Watt Radio in Turin in
1946, can receive with frequency modulation on medium, short, or micro waves,
or selecting the RCA connection. It presents a superheterodyne circuit and
alternating current (AC) supply / 110 125 140 160 220 volts. The phonograph is
a Philips with movable head-shell tone-arm and the possibility to vary the
speed into 16, 33, 45, or 78 rpm. It is arranged in the upper drawer of the
cabinet, with the typical roundish look, that shows two side compartments for
the drinks and, in the middle, the record-stand.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 25. American valve radio,
model Q10-3, made by the New Yorker R.C.A. Victor (Radio Corporation of
America) in 1947 (serial number B 73851), for the Swiss market, and sold in the
Au Grand Passage in Geneva. The body is made of brown Bakelite; there are two
front control knobs, ivory colour, for the volume and the stations searching,
while on the back there is the control knob for the changing of the frequency
and the antenna. The frequency indicator is on the upper front of the cabinet;
the dimensions are: 165 x 150 x 250 mm (6.5” x 5.9” x 9.85”). The frequencies
goes from BC (Broad Cast band AM) to SW (Short Wave), the circuit is
superheterdyne with intermediate frequency (IF) 455 kHz, the speaker is
magnetodynamic AP (permanent magnet and mobile coil); the supply is with
alternating current, 220 volts European type, and the five valves are 12SA7,
12SK7, 12SQ7, 50L6GT, and 35Z5GT/G.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 26. Valve wire recorder,
American, made by Webster-Chicago, 228-1 model. This is a recorder (dictation
machine) very in vogue in 1950s and for the recording it used a thin steel
wire, precursor of the magnetic tape. It is supplied with alternating current,
120 Volts, 70 Watts; made in 1951. The device has its original Bakelite
microphone, 4 controls in the front panel for the listening and the recording,
a neon lamp for the level of recording and the regulation of
volume/starting/turning off. On the top there is a lever for the starter of the
wire and the rewind, as well as a timer for a maximum of 60 minutes; the reels
were produced of 15, 30, or 60 minutes. The wire, moving for 62cm (24.4”) per
second, was more than 2.5 km (15.55 mi) long, all in a reel that was wound and
rewound also thanks to the vertical oscillation of the needle that allowed the
right spooling. The wire is made of "ERGON" steel, and it was lightly
oiled to preserve the needle and to guarantee the regularity for the movement
of the wire.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 27. Singing bird, Swiss
automaton made during the first decades of 20th century by Reuge manufacturer
in Sainte-Crox. The history of mechanical music began in 14th century in
Flanders, but only in 1780 the Jaquet-Droz brothers invented the singing bird.
In 1848, The Parisian Bomtems Blaise invented the mechanism of singing birds
that has remained almost the same until now. In 1865 Charles Reuge, clock maker
from Val De Travers, moved to Sainte-Crox, town famous for the production of
music boxes, and founded the production factory of singing birds that is still
operating. This instrument is made of a cage with a red bird on a perch that
turns around, moving the beak and the tail. The height of the cage is 311mm
(12.25”) while the diameter of the base is 162mm (6.35”); the cage structure is
made of silver, covered, at the bottom and near the hanger, with Capodimonte
porcelain with figures and flowers on a silver background. The brand, stamped
on the bottom, is: REUGE lyre MUSIC / SAINTE-CROX / MADE IN SWITZERLAND.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 28. Anonymous serinette,
coming from Prague, datable to the second half of 19th century. The name comes
from French “serin” (canary), because it was used by the girls of the time to
teach the canaries to sing. This instrument is made of a wooden box (233 x 165
x 151 mm – 9.2” x 6.5” x 5.95”) with inside a little bellows, a worm drive that
activates a nailed cylinder, and some levers that open the valves of the wind
chest. The crank, on the front, activates both the bellows and the cylinder
that opens the valves directing the air to the ten wooden pipes under the
instrument that produce the sound. Near the pipes there is a title block with
the list of the five musical pieces: U panského Dvora (ancient folk music: “At
the landowner‘s farm house”), Proč bychom se netĕšili (“Let's rejoice and be
merry”. A musical piece from Bedřich Smetana’s opera “The Bartered Bride”),
Boleslav (a city in Central Bohemia), Nesluyde mládenci (“youth”), Neťukej,
neťukej (ancient folk song: “Do not tap”). A brass lever on the right allows to
lift the levers and move the cylinder to change song.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">O. 29. Suitcase portable gramophone branded: LA
VOCE DEL PADRONE / logo of the dog listening to the gramophone / Società
Anonima Nazionale del “Grammofono” Milano. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The name of
the British company actually was Gramophone, but because of the famous Francis
Barraud’s painting "His Master's Voice" (In Italian: “La voce del
padrone”) depicting the dog Nipper listening to a gramophone, used as the brand
of the label, it soon took this unofficial denomination. In 1931 SNG (Società
Nazionale del Grammofono, founded in 1912 by Alfredo Bossi), SAIF (Società
Anonima Italiana di Fonotopia) and Marconiphone (Italian manufacturer
specialised in producing radio devices) joined to give birth to a single
manufacturer that imported and distributed gramophones and was also a record
industry. The measures of this model (HMV 102), made in England in around 1934,
are: 285 x 410 x 150 mm (11.2” x 16.15” x 5.9”), the serial number is 2896. The
charge is by crank and the speed can change around 78 rpm, it has an automatic
brake and a turntable, the horn for the sound is under the turntable near the
motor, while the case for the needles is on the front left corner.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 30. Pathé gramophone,
Diffusor type, Lumière model, datable to the second decade of 20th century. At
the end of 19th century the brothers Charles and Emile Pathé founded the Pathé
Frères that, at the beginning, only imported from US Edison phonographs and Colombian
gramophones, combined with cylinders registered in French. Then, in early 20th
century, they started the production of their own gramophones, renamed
Pathéphonès, that show many innovations: the needle made of «non-consumable»
sapphire that, the advertisement explains, «has not to be changed after every
hearing», guaranteeing at the same time a reproduction «without hoarse or nasal
sounds, but a perfect voice ». The Pathéphonès, made in France, Belgium,
Austria, and Russia, are different from other gramophones because the recording
of the record starts from the centre and finishes outwards. Furthermore Pathé,
for its records (produced in five sizes, up to 50 cm -19.7”- of diameter),
adopts the recording system developed by Edison for the cylinders. The French
brothers wanted to impose their technical standard, but they’re too smart to
«forget» who had already bought gramophones from other brands: so the
mechanical adapter was born, allowing to use the Pathé records with every
device. The success was huge, also because the Pathéphonès were sold by
instalments, with the system «Pay while listening to music »: in Italy the
cheaper Pathéphonès, made of wood [«uso walnut»], cost 65L, while the model
Duplex with two horns (or funnels, as they are defined on the catalogues)
reaches the cost of 375L. This gramophone has the box made of wood with
dimensions 360 x 450 x 138 mm (14.15” x 17.7” x 5.45”) that contains the
perpetual mechanism charged by a crank, that makes the record turn constantly.
The conical horn, made of cardboard, thought by the Lumière brothers in 1913,
with parabolic shape, has diameter 358mm (14.1”) wide, in the centre of it
there is the sapphire needle that «reads» the classic record. This gramophone
can reproduce 78 rpm Pathé records measuring 29cm (11.4”) and 35cm (13.75”) and
it is branded on the cardboard: DIFFUSOR PATHE’ / BTE S.G.D.E. while on the body there is the
writing: Pathé.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">O. 31. Barrel piano branded Luigi Vosgien Novara
via Totti. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Vosigen was among the first Italian maker of large
size barrel pianos, suitable for ballrooms and outdoor concerts, thanks to the
collaboration with the Colombo manufacturer, piano maker. This instrument, made
between the last decade of 19th century and the first of the 20th, has a music
roll with seven songs, interchangeable thanks to a side lever while on the
front there is the crank that activates the piano.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 32. Portable barrel organ
branded: COCCHI, BACIGALUPO & GRAFFIGNA / BERLIN. Schönhauser Allee 78,
datable to the last decade of 20th century. Many talented Italian makers of
mechanical organs made their fortune abroad: Gavioli went to France while
Giovanni Battista Bacigalupo, in 1879, emigrated to Berlin and there he founded
the first manufacturer with Chiaro Frati: the "Frati & Co." in 1
Buchholzer Street; in 1891 he founded, with the organ maker Giuseppe Antonio
Cocchi and the restaurateur Graffigna, a new enterprise with the name “Cocchi,
Bacigalupo & Graffigna". The manufacturer had its splendour during the
1920s and had up to fifty employees, and it produced instruments like the
Meloton, the Harmonipan (Violinopan-organ), and the Tino Cornet organ. This
instrument is equipped with a crank that, besides making the music roll turn,
activates two bellows that, canalising the air to the reeds freed by the
movement of the pallets, produce the sounds. The music roll can be arranged on
seven positions corresponding to as many songs. The front is closed by a red
rag that probably substitutes the original painted fabric. The songs listed on
the inner plaque are not the same the can be really played, thus it is possible
that the music roll has been substitute during the 1930s.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 33. Europhon radiolamp,
designed by Adriano Rampoldi in 1968. The Europhon manufacturer was born in
Milan during the postwar, proposing on the market several model of radio that
were operational, economical, and with a captivating design. It became famous
for the production of the first hybrid products (the radioclock, the
radiotelevision, and the radiolamp, all designed by Adriano Rampoldi) but it
later collapsed because of careless business choices. The radiolamp has three
controls: two for the regulation of the light intensity (suffused or full
light) and one to turn on the transistor radio. The bas is made of ABS while
the diffuser is made of polymethacrylic. Transistor radio. Superheterodyne
circuit only with medium waves (MW), supply with alternating current (AC) / 220
Volts and magnetodynamic AP speaker (permanent magnet and mobile coil). The
dimensions are: 165 x 230 x 165 mm (6.5” x 9.05” x 6.5”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 34. French record player,
made in 1961, branded TEPPAZ – stereophonique –modele – 448. Teppaz is a
gramophone brand that had a great success: originally, it was an enterprise
that produced electronic pieces founded by Marcel Teppaz, in 1950s it was
symbol of surprise parties, in 1960s of yé-yé music, and in 1970 it reached a
million of produced pieces. The brand was bought 1998 by Jean-Claude Sensamat.
Once closed, the Teppaz record player seems like a small trapezoidal suitcase,
with rounded corners and two cupola-shaped covers that, when opened, reveals
the loudspeakers and all the circuits of the valve amplifiers in it. This
device is equipped with two more covers with two additional loudspeakers each
being 6 watt and having 1 tweeter; it has six valves, four ECL82 and two EF86,
it is made of pink leather and is 11,4kg heavy. The record player has three
control knobs: one for the turning off and the volume (arrèt puissance), one
for the basses (grave) and one for the acutes (aigu). Moreover, there are a
balance control and a speed control (0, 16, 33, 45, 78 rpm), a control knob for
the power supply (127/160/ 220 V), and three buttons for ambiance-brillance,
medium-aigu, and avec-sans.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">O. 35. Italian valve radio, 426 model, made in
1955-56 by Allocchio Bacchini, Milan. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The body is made of brown
wood, on the left front there is the loudspeaker while the frequency indicator
is on the right of the cabinet; there are four front control knobs, the one for
the turning on under the loudspeaker, while under the frequency indicator there
are the control knobs for the volume, the stations searching, and the record
player input, and on the back there is the antenna. The dimensions are: 620 x
320 x 250 mm (24.4” x 12.6” x 9.85”). The frequencies are on medium waves (OM –
“onde medie”) and two series of shortwaves (2 x OC – “onde corte”), the circuit
is superheterodyne with intermediate frequency (IF) 465 kHz, the loudspeaker is
magnetodynamic AP (permanent magnet and mobile coil), with 2.5 W power, the
supply is with alternating current 220 volts, and the five valves are UCH81,
UF41, UBC41, UL41, EM4, UY41.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 36. Dutch valve radio, BX
480 A model, made by Philips in Eindhoven in 1949. The body is made of black
Bakelite that frames a large protection for the loudspeaker, there are four
front control knobs: for the turning on, for the volume, for the stations search,
and for the record player input. The frequency indicator is on the top of the
cabinet and is made of transparent plastic plates: one large plate and four
thin plates. The dimensions are: 470 x 300 x 230 mm (18.5” x 11.8” x 9.05”).
The frequencies are on medium waves (MW), longwaves (LW) and more than two
series of shortwaves (>2 x SW), the circuit is superheterodyne with
intermediate frequency (IF) 452 kHz, the loudspeaker is magnetodynamic AP
(permanent magnet and mobile coil), the supply is with alternating current
110-245 volts, and the five valves are ECH21, EAF42, EAF42, EBL21, AZ1.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 37. Italian valve radio,
probably made by Ducati manufacturer in around 1948. The body is made of brown
wood while the front is made of walnut briar-root, on the left front there is
the loudspeaker while the frequency indicator is on the right of the cabinet
and, under it, there are three control knobs: for the volume, for the turning
on, and for the station search, while the antenna is on the back. The
dimensions are: 471 x 272 x 208 mm (16.4” x 10.7” x 8.2”). The frequencies are
on medium waves (MW) and two series of shortwaves (2 x SW), the circuit is
superheterodyne with intermediate frequency (IF) 465 kHz, the loudspeaker is
magnetodynamic AP (permanent magnet and mobile coil), with 2.5 W power, the
supply is with alternating current 125-220 volts, and the five valves are 6A8G,
6K7, 6Q7G, 6V6G, 5Y3G. In 1926, in Bologna, the Ducati family and other
Bolognese investors founded the Società Radio Brevetti Ducati, with the aim to
industrially produce pieces for the arising industry of radio program, starting
from Adriano Ducati’s patents. After the Second World War it started a
motorcycles production, now characterising this enterprise.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 38. German dictation
machine, “Orbaphon”, made in Stuttgart in 1913 by George Kromm. This instrument
was used to record the wax cylinders, lasting four minutes, for the
reproduction on phonographs. It is made of an electric motor that makes the
cylinder rotate; a brass horn, fixed or connected to a tube, that concentrates
the sound (at first it was used only for vocal recording, later Edison thought
to use it for musical pieces too); a recording system that engraved upon the
wax cylinder (reusable up to 130 times); and a little brush that cleans the wax
smears on the cylinder.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 39. Travel gramophone,
Mignophone. Created and patented in Paris (French SGDG patent) in 1920, the
Mignophone is a rare French miniature gramophone. Produced in different
colours: red, green, black, tobacco, and blue. The hexagonal horn is foldable
and made of stiff cardboard and is arranged on the cover when the gramophone is
closed. The record is screwed on the turntable. The dimensions of the box when
closed are 210 x 135 x 70 mm (8.25” x 5.3” x 2.75”). This specimen,
tobacco-colour, has been made in around 1926, on the round resonator there is
the writing: MIGNOPHONE / SOUND BOX / FABRIQUÉ en FRANCE / W.H.SMITH & SON.
/ PARIS while on the box there is the plaque of the shop that had sold it: G.
Jandelli in Béziers. The charge is manual: the crank is arranged on the front
of the instrument, where there is also the lever for the stop and the control
for the speed while the horn is arranged on a support on the left front corner
of the box.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 40. Amorette, German music
box with pierced disks made of tin. The instrument, made by the clockmaker Otto
Bergmann in Leipzig in around 1898, is made of a wooden box painted black, with
dimensions 335 x 248 x 180 mm (13.2” x 9.75” x 7.1”), with inside two bellows
and a wind chest with sixteen free reeds made of metal. A crank activates the
bellows and makes the disk rotate. This, fixed with a stop on the board of the
instrument, pushes some levers that free the reeds emitting the notes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 41. French music box with
comb free reeds activated by a small toothed cylinder, dating back to 1930s.
The box is made of pale wood with dimensions 101 x 76 x 49 mm (3.95” x 2.85” x
1.9”). On the box there is a print with a rural landscape and the crank that
activates the cylinder. On the bottom there is a title block with the writing:
MUSIQUE à 1 AIR / Lazila Dimacly / MADE IN FRANCE FABRICATION FRANCAISE / N° 1129. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 42. Reuge music box,
mechanical, with manual charge (Volga) probably made in 1972. Box made of elm
briar-root and cut glass, with 72-notes comb and cylinder with three tunes,
short music pieces from 5th, 6th, and 9th Beethoven’s symphonies. A complete
charge allows to reproduce about 16 times the tunes. Making the front button
slide, the music box reproduces all the pieces, taking it back to the starting
position the melody stops at the end of the piece. The mechanism is always
visible. The reproduced tune is identified by a little marker that indicates
the number of the tune with an arrow, and every tune lasts about 36 seconds.
The dimensions are 230 x 145 x 100 mm (9.05” x 5.7” x 3.95”) and on the
mechanism there is the serial number 18037. The manufacturer, in the heart of
Jura Mountains, has been founded in 1865 by the clockmaker Charles Reuge and it
remained a family business until 1988, when it was transformed in a limited
company that today has about 60 co-workers. Antoine Favre is the father of the
music box and the contemporary musical movements were based on a
two-hundred-years-old idea: in 1796, the Genevan artisan substituted the
existing spring and bells with vibrating teeth. The sounds are extremely more
clear, more varied and precise. This innovation is the history of mechanical
music. The knowledge of music box masters spread out thanks to clockmakers who
left Sainte-Croix to work in Geneva. During the period of Napoleonic Wars, they
went back to their native town, because of the lack of manpower and started to
till the land, without abandoning their workshop labour. Thanks to this
priceless know-how, Sainte-Croix region soon became the cradle of music box. At
that time the town counted just barely three thousand inhabitants, but the
authorities soon understood all the economic potential deriving from handmade
production of mechanical music: at that elevation it is impossible to live only
with the products of the soil. Founded in 1808, the Société d'Horlogerie of
Sainte-Croix called back from the city the greatest clockmaker masters. While
they divided their time between the agriculture on the mountains and the
workshop labour, the inhabitants of the town took advantages from their
precious teaching. The clocks and the music box they produced benefited in
refinement and precision. In a few years, Sainte-Croix was able to compete with
the great Maisons of Geneva.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 43. Music box machinery,
second half of 20th century, made of metal. Comb with 18 notes playing the tune
of Stille Nacht.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 44. Royal phonograph from
Pathè Freres manufacturer, made in 1904. It is a sound reproducer made of a
metal cylinder shaft activated by a spring charged by a crank on which a wax
cylinder rotates. The needle of the reproducer courses on the groove recorded on
the wax and transmits the sound to an amplifying horn. The cylinders used for
this instrument, the Salons, were bigger than usual cylinders, with the
diameter being 90mm (3.55”) and the height 106mm (4.15”). These dimensions
permit a better quality of reproduction compared to Edison cylinders. The
dimensions of the box are 24 x 16 x 12 mm (0.95” x 0.6” x 0.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 45. Wax cylinders (seven)
for Pathè phonograph, type Salon, in cases made of cardboard with metal top,
diameter 90mm (3.55”) and height 106mm (4.15”). These dimensions permit a
better quality of reproduction compared to Edison cylinders.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 46. Philips Roller Radio
cassette player made in 1980, functioning as radio (FM MW LW SW) and cassette
player for magnetic tapes. Red-coloured, this radio has been specifically
designed for young people. The loudspeakers have been clearly separated from
the main body that maintains the radio tuner and the cassette player. The
evident handle recalls the portability; the back has some swellings under which
the batteries are arranged. The brilliant colours and the finishing made of
shiny plastic create a young and distinct, contemporary look.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 47. Valve FBT amplifier
datable to 1960s; its dimensions are 55 x 20 x 38 cm (21.65” x 7.85” x 14.95”).
Its colour is grey and it presents two 12 watts loudspeakers. On the top there
are a green control light for the turning on, the on/off lever, three control
knobs that are green (VOL), red (NI), and yellow (LO), and four jacks (døb, two
input, and one output).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 48. Voxson television, T
1101 model, black and white, produced in 1970 in Rome by FARET (Fabbrica
Apparecchi Radio e Televisione SpA). The body is made of mustard ABS and the
screen is made of Plexiglas. The measures are: 28 x 32 x 26 cm (11” x 12.6” x
10.25”). Superheterodyne conversion, VHF/UHF wave range, and loudspeaker with
dynamic permanent magnet (PDyn) and mobile coil.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 49. Cichito portable record
player, made in Italy in 1977 by Wilco for 45 rpm records. This device, rather
spartan (with only the button for the volume and the one for the record
ejection), is supplied both with 220 Volt and with batteries to go along with the
trend of the time to listen to music everywhere.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 50. Parlophon, small
suitcase gramophone (285 x 160 x 240 mm – 11.2” x 6.3” x 9.45”) activated by a
crank. Founded in Germany in 1896 by Carl Lindström, the brand Parlophon was
first used to made gramophones before the enterprise started producing records.
The symbol ₤, in German, stands for Lindström. On August 8th, 1923, a British
branch, “Parlophone” (with final “e”), was instituted, guided by A & R
Manager Oscar Preuss. Parlophone established a landlord covenant with
co-ownership base United States Okeh Records, making Parlophone a leader among
UK jazz brands. CLPGS published a list of Parlophone titles released between
1923 and 1956. The regulator of rpm, on the front together with the crank hole,
has a needle with mica membrane branded Parlophon. The mechanics support, the
inner bell with side small door to regulate the sound intensity, and the
tone-arm, are made of wood, while the suitcase is made of leather.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 51. Pathé Baby home
projector, built in 1929 and distributed to the Italian market (for fans of the
genre, the legendary "battinove"). Pathé Frères was founded in
Vincennes in 1896 by Charles Pathé and his brothers Emile and Théophile, and
indeed was the first film company that controlled the entire production process
of filmmaking: from the manufacture of the film through to production and
finally distribution in salt. It is substantially constituted by a base of mm.
100 x 180 with four legs, an electric motor, the illuminating apparatus, the
projection device, the coils door film. The electric motor is fixed to the base
with special joints, has a socket for connection to external power, a plug for
connection to the projector, a power switch and a rheostat for the intensity
variation of the current supplied to the projector (the projector works with
voltages from 110V) in a small wooden cradle. At the base it is fixed to a
vertical metal structure at the center of which is located the projection device,
consisting of a lens, a rotary shutter, a crank for manual feed. Above it is
inserted a metal arm on which you insert one of the two coils (the one with the
film to be projected) and the cylindrical coils that drive the film in its
movement through the projector. The other coil (the one that receives the film
already projected) is inserted, by means of a suitable metal frame, directly
into the base, on the side opposite to the motor. Integral with the coil is
inserted, on the same axis of rotation, a disk to be connected with a belt for
the transmission of motion. Behind the lens of the projection device, it fits
the illuminating apparatus constituted by a light bulb in a low voltage
filament with a fixed resistor, a concave mirror and a condenser lens, placed
in opposite position with respect to the lamp, inserted in a cylindrical
housing electrically connected to the base. This cylinder is constrained in the
lower part but a compass openable to allow the positioning of the film guide, a
rectangular frame placed between the condenser and the projection lens which
forms the guide for the sliding of the film 9.5mm. It used to be 9.5 mm films.
perforated at the center, usually in rolls of 8.5 meters. The presence of the
reel holder arm, the motor mount, pulley back, allowing the screening of
"super" film or length of 100 mt. This projector could be used both
manually by means of the crank that with the electric motor. The screening is
done by placing the projector in front of a white wall or a piece of cloth, you
put this film in the debtor coil (higher) in the film frame guide, you turn on
the lamp, you focus the image, use the lens and proceeds with the projection by
operating the electric motor. The views film is collected in the receiver coil.
The projector is placed in its wooden cabinet with three narrow drawers and a
compartment with two doors (mm. 1180 x 570 x 358) and place on the upper floor
(place to mm. 83 from the ground) with movable walls to facilitate insertion
the coil and with a big hole on the short side at the projector. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">O. 52. Records (seven) for 78
rpm content in a tin coil of the Fono Roma. This company was born on 11.26.1931
and immediately stood out for innovation and research. It was the first jazz
recordings with the orchestra Carlini, direct from Sesto Carlini in 1932, in
1933 it recorded the monumental work of Sardinian folk music of Gavino Gabriel
and up to 1970 it recorded fusion progressive rock (the Area). </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Currently it is a dubbing studio. The
records contained in the coil are: 1) record engraved on one side with the
label: DISCOTECA DI STATO / K R 153 D. d. S. 16 / GIOVANNI GENTILE / "I
patti lateranensi e il pensiero italiano" (Dal discorso per
l'inaugurazione del VII Congresso Naz. di filosofia, letto in Campidoglio il 26
maggio 1929.VII presente il Capo del Governo BENITO MUSSOLINI). </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">2)
record with handwritten label; A: Pessac best side 12.25.33, B: Pessac GHK
08/12/33. 3) record engraved on one side with the label: S. A. FONO ROMA /
REPARTO FONOGRAFICO / DISCO N. handwritten KR 250 30-1-34 / Voi che sapete /
sopr. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">G. Pederzini. 4)
record with label; A: S. A. FONO ROMA / REPARTO FONOGRAFICO / DISCO N.
handwritten KR 211A 01.05.34 / Marechiaro / orch. Fragna, B: S. A. FONO ROMA /
REPARTO FONOGRAFICO / DISCO N. handwritten KR 211X 1.5.34 / Marechiaro / orch. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Fragna.
Armando Fragna (Naples, August 2, 1898 - Livorno, August 15, 1972) was an
Italian musician and composer who for 20 years headed one of the RAI orchestras.
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">5) record Excelsius T
6237 labeled not for sale A Tu ca nun chiagne (De Curtis) / GIOVANNI ASSANTE
TENORE, B Torna a Surriento (De Curtis) / GIOVANNI ASSANTE TENORE. 6) record D
Columbia 12543; A: LA TOSCA / E lucean le stelle / ALESSANDRO GRANDA, B: LA TOSCA
/ recondite armonie / ALESSANDRO GRANDA. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Registration
(1932, in Udine) of the Peruvian tenor whose real name is Alejandro Granda
Relayza (Callao, November 26, 1898 - Lima, September 3, 1962). 7) PARLOPHON
record; A: LETTERA DI MANON / ORCHESTRA EDITH LORAND / II B-27039, B: AUBADE
printanière / ORCHESTRA EDITH LORAND / B-27039 I. The "Edith Lorand
Orchestra" was one of the most famous bands of the Weimar Republic, with
numerous appearances in the Admiralspalast in Berlin. In his dual role as
virtuoso violinist and orchestra conductor, Edith Lorand (Budapest December 17,
1898 - November 23, 1960 New York) quickly he became the star and, at the same
time, a symbol of women's emancipation in 1920.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 56. Italian amplifier LEM B
202, built in 1970. In 1969, in San Giovanni in Marignano (RN), the brand LEM
(Laboratorio Elettro Musicale) was born, from the GEM of Matteo Galanti,
dedicated to the development of audio diffusion systems. The brand grew rapidly
and became very popular first in Italy and then in the world. The Italian
company was able to supply from small amplification systems to large live
theatrical events and outdoor events and permanent systems for parks and discos
such as the Yellow Flag in Rimini. Subsequently LEM dedicated itself to the
construction of Computer /modeling based audio systems (i.e. with the
possibility of DSP control for EQ management) such as the Tourmaster series in
different versions. This amplifier is in two pieces, the amplifier itself of
cm. 67 x 28 x 16.5 and the mono speaker of cm. 55 x 57 x 38. On the front face
of the amplifier there are two inputs; the bright button; the volume, bass,
middle and treble knobs; five levers for equalization and the compress and master
knobs; on the back face there is the switch and the output for the speakers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 53. Magnetofono Geloso G255
S famiglia, three-valve, built in 1955 by Giovanni Geloso in Milan, at the
viale Brenta 29 facility, licensed by Arrigo Castelli, and sold at 42,000 lire
plus 230 lire of radio fees, 46,000 lire, complete with accessories . The speed
is 4,75 and 9,5 cm / sec. The valves are: UL41, 12AX7 and DM70, the bandwidth
is 100 - 4500Hz and 80 - 6000Hz, the power supply is 110 - 220Volt and the
dimensions are cm. 24 x 13 x 14. On the top there is a transparent cover that,
open, gives access to the reels, recorder heads and capstan, speed selector and
volume knob. On the right side there are four keys: red is for recording, black
for pausing, green for listening, and yellow for rewind. On the front face is
the magical eye that was used to indicate the recording level and a red lever
for the tape clutch. On the rear face we find the voltage selector, the
microphone input and the output for the amplifiers. There is also the T32
microphone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 55. Chromatic rolmonica, a
kind of harmonica that plays with a perforated paper roll. Built in the third
decades of the twentieth century in the United States, branded: ROLMONICA /
TRADE MARK REG / CHROMATIC / PAT. NO. RE. 16986 – NO.1.720.991. The instrument
is in celluloid, with dimensions of mm. 119 x 92 x 92 x 36, it has 8 + 8 holes
for the sixteen metal reeds, a mouthpiece and two small wooden knobs for
unwinding and rewinding the roller. This instrument is equipped with 3 rolls of
paper for as many songs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 56. Italian Amplifier LEM B
202, built in 1970. In 1969, in San Giovanni in Marignano (RN), the brand LEM
(Laboratorio Elettro Musicale) was born, from the GEM of Matteo Galanti,
dedicated to the development of audio diffusion systems. The brand grew rapidly
and became very popular first in Italy and then in the world. LEM's
amplification product range has been widely used for live applications in Italy
and Europe in general. The Italian company was able to supply from small
amplification systems to large live theatrical events (it has been the supplier
of the Sanremo Festival several times) and outdoor events (including the
international production of La traviata realized in Paris in 1999) and
permanent systems for parks (for example the Aquafan in Riccione) and discos
such as the Yellow Flag in Rimini. Subsequently LEM dedicated itself to the
construction of Computer /modeling based audio systems (i.e. with the
possibility of DSP control for EQ management) such as the Tourmaster series in
different versions. This amplifier is in two pieces, the amplifier itself of
cm. 67 x 28 x 16.5 and the mono speaker of cm. 55 x 57 x 38. On the front face
of the amplifier there are two inputs; the bright button; the volume, bass,
middle and treble knobs; five levers for equalization and the compress and
master knobs; on the back face there is the switch and the output for the
speakers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 57. Franz electric
metronome, datable to 1940, produced by Franz Manufacturing Company,
Incorporated - designers and manufacturers of American made precision
metronomes since 1938. P.O. Box 120396, East Haven, Connecticut 06512-0396. The
advent of the controlled alternating current (AC) made possible the invention
of the electric metronome Franz (1938) which embodied the first significant
improvements of the "Maelzel" type mechanism. In this metronome, a
synchronous motor, like those used in electric clocks, operates a hammer that
beats time through an adjustable mechanical reduction from 40 to 208. The
dimensions are mm. 125 x 105 x 88, the structure is in black bakelite and on
the upper face there is a small bulb that lights up with every movement. On the
front wall there is a knob that allows you to vary the rhythm from largo to
prestissimo (from 40 to 208) while on the back there is the ignition lever to
match the sound signal to the bright one.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 58. Paper rollers (two) for
mechanical piano in their original boxes of the dimensions of mm. 52 x 59 x
322. The rollers have a diameter of mm. 48 for 286 of width while the length of
the paper depends on the duration of the piece. During a convention held in
Buffalo in 1908, a standard was established that was subsequently adopted by
almost all manufacturers. This standard includes all 88 piano notes. The first
roll, created by George Barbiero in 1919, is marked L'ÉDITION MUSICALE
PERFORÉE, shows the label: Célébre Sérénata / op. 6 / E. Toselli. The second,
coeval, EMPECO (The Empeco system, popular in Europe but virtually unknown in
America, was used by Philipps, Kastner and many other European manufacturers,
some Empeco systems have been installed in coin-operated instruments for use in
public places ), on the label: 3057 / Moment d'Amour / (Liebesaugemblick) /
Valse Lente / von / Leo Eysoldt. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 59. Gramophone Pathé Concert
with a crank action, built in Paris in 1910 by Pathé Frères. "Le Concert
Automatique Français" was widely used in French public places before the
First World War: the robust speaker, the
oversized horn and a token device was ideal for spreading the sound in large,
crowded rooms. For ten cents you could hear the latest songs of the time. After
inserting the coin, the gramophone has a device that stops the motor after a
precise number of rotations, corresponding to the average length of an
incision. The instrument is equipped with a sapphire needle and plays records
with a diameter up to cm. 50 which make the needle move from the inside to the
outside. The powerful engine allows you to listen to several records in a row
without having to load them every time. Characteristic is the door behind which
it is possible to stack the records. The gramophone is impressive: it has a
height of mm. 2120, the diameter of the black horn, is mm. 670, in front, under the engine, there
is a sliding shutter that allows you to store the records, on the top floor, in
addition to the rotating plate, there is the mechanism to change the rotation
speed and the coin slot.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 60. Amplivoice amplified
four-transistor trumpet, built in 1962 by Geloso in Milan. The realization of
this megaphone stems from an idea of engineering. Edgardo Velicogna, technical
director of Geloso until '69 and a very close collaborator of Ing. Geloso. The
idea of making an amplified horn powered by six 1.5 Volt batteries and with a
removable, directional microphone mounted on four legs was extraordinary. The
success of Amplivoice (bulletin N ° 84 spring 1962) is immediate, it is an
innovative product that was lacking on the market and is immediately used in
many applications, such as street vendors, construction sites, sporting events,
trade union events and various strikes. The trumpet molding is made of special
plastic, practically indestructible, commercially called Moplen. The metal tag
around the microphone printed: AMPLIVOICE / CAT N° 2583 – PAT PENDING, TROMBA
AMPLIFICATA / CAT. N. 2583 BREVETTATO, SpA GELOSO / MILANO / MADE IN ITALY. The
diameter of the trumpet is mm. 235, the total length of mm. 434 and a weight,
without batteries, of Kg. 1.5. The emblematic image of the use of amplivoice,
however, is that of Federico Fellini, who used the Geloso megaphone during the
direction of many of his films.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 61. Projector with sound
disc for children built in Barcelona in 1934 by the company NIC. In the 1930s,
three brothers from Barcelona invented an instrument with which the little ones
could, with just one crank, watch animated films printed on translucent paper
bands and listen to the audio recorded on the related discs. Its operation is
very simple and at the same time ingenious, conceived on the basis of the
principles of the magic lantern: a paper ribbon with two slightly different
images, above and below, are projected in such a way that a shutter alternated
the vision of one and the other image (thus obtaining a precarious illusion of
movement based only on two images that seemed alternating). The paper ribbon
passes in front of the shutter, unrolling on one side and winding on the other.
The optics are two simple lenses that show the bottom and top of the film, the
point of focus should be sought by moving the projector away from the wall or
screen where the images were seen. The lighting comes from a 40 Watt bulb. In
1932 the famous logo was patented: a black boy riding an elephant. The base of
mm. 250 x 110 supports the projector, black, of mm. 223 x 112 x 80: on the
right side there is the logo and the housing for the roller with the film while
on the left side there is the cylinder cylinder on which the strip of paper is
rolled and the crank of the gramophone to which it is hinged. On the upper
floor is mounted the small gramophone consisting of the arm, the diaphragm with
the chrome head and the plate, made of green felt with the inscription NIC /
patentado, on which is screwed the disc in bakelite, 17 cm in diameter, related
to the film. The instrument is accompanied by four discs with a story engraved
on each side and the corresponding eight rolls of film.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 62. Portable gramophone with
decomposable parts Excelda, built by Thorens of Basel in 1935. In the first
decades of the twentieth century were made some gramophones with shape and size
similar to cameras, so as to be coined the definition of "cameraphone",
the gramophone Excelda is an example of this particular type, which was a great
success, remaining in production from 1931 until the mid-'40s. The components
are contained in a sheet metal box, craquelé blue in colour, with a screw-on
lid on which there is a rich circular decoration and an oval plate with the
inscription British Patent / N˚ 255001; the front and rear sides are rounded
and one of them has a black leather handle with the inscription EXCELDA.
Unscrewing the lid, inside the box there are the modular elements: a diaphragm
with chromed head, a chromed arm and a crank with wooden handle. The small
plate, covered with blue felt, is driven by the spring motor, hidden from the
plate. A hole on the side allows the crank to be inserted for charging the
motor; on the same side there is a lever for stopping and adjusting the speed
of rotation of the platter. The dimensions are 282 x 120 x 52 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 63. Magic Lantern Lucciola,
built around 1930. The magic lantern is a device that allows, by to a light
source and a mirror, to project images imprinted on glass or onto a strip of
paper on a screen. It is all in olive-green painted metal with a base, black,
which along the longer sides has two pins for wrapping and unwinding the paper
tape and a green body, inside which there are two 40 Watt bulbs and the mirror.
On the front face there is the adjustable lens for focusing while on the back
there is the writing: LUCCIOLA / BREVETTATO / Ing. Nelli & F.lli Moradei /
CBC / Firenze. There are also numerous comic strips from the famous Nerbini
house.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 64. Magic lantern made
around 1910 by the Bavarian producer Gerbruder Bing (1863 - 1933). Founded in
1863 by brothers Ignaz and Adolf Bing, it originally produced metal kitchen
utensils; at the beginning of the 20th century, Bing was the largest toy
company in the world and the Nuremberg factory was the largest toy factory in
the world; in 1932, Bing was put into liquidation and in 1933 ceased
operations. The body, supported by four golden feet with acanthus leaf
decoration, is a parallelepiped in olive-green tin with dimensions of mm. 140 x
130 x 80. On the left side there is a door that allows you to place the light
source, consisting of an oil lamp in glass, and on which there is the mark:
Standard / E.P. On the front there is a brand: eagle / E.P. on the upper side
is housed the vent hood for the fumes of the lamp, in truncated cone shape with
a final almost right angle, in black tin with a total length of mm. 152. The
optic, of the total length of mm. 112, is placed on the front wall, consists of
a single condenser and a single objective: the adjustment is entrusted to the
short run of the objective. There are some round slides that show the landscape
of the Rhine.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 65. Lido portable record
player with crank charge with worm screw, spring motor and integrated metal
speaker. It, with its particular beige case, in the shape of an oval hatbox
with a flat base, was built by the Telefunken Company for Wireless Telegraphy
mbH in Hanover in 1938. The weight is 4.48 kg; the dimensions are mm. 145 x 325
x 370 and is built with leather, metal, plastic and fabric. On the inside of
the lid there is a pocket, in fabric, for the disks and the word Lido /
Telefunken Platten. The arm and diaphragm, with the TELEFUNKEN brand, are
arranged at the rear while the crank can be stored inside the speaker. On the
left of the rotating plate there is the lever to change the rotation speed
while on the right there is a container, in amaranth plastic, for the spare
pins and the lever for locking the rotation. The hole for inserting the crank
is on the right wall of the casing.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 66. Electromagnetic bakelite
speaker, the famous 2007 of 1928, known as "barber's plate" or
"flying saucer". It is a brilliant example of industrial design: it
was designed by Louis Kalff for Philips. The speaker has a cast iron triangular
foot supporting a large concave platter with a convex inner disc. The motor and
its paper cone are located inside the smaller disc while the larger parabolic
disc is used as a reflector. A small rotary switch on the cable allows three
different impedances: 500, 1500 and 200 ohms. This speaker was built in three
different sizes (large: 2007, medium: 2003, small: 2015). The back of the outer
concave platter is marked PHILIPS. The diameter of the larger disc is mm. 403,
the overall height mm. 430, the thickness mm. 173 for a weight of gr. 3010. The
colour is marbled brown and red with gold inclusions (in fact brass powder).
The patterns were always different, as the colour ingredients were incorporated
randomly so that each piece is unique. Louis Kalff was a pioneer of industrial
design in the Netherlands during the first half of the 20th century: he studied
furniture design, sculpture, ceramics and architecture and began working for
Philips in 1924 in the marketing department for which he was later responsible.
In 1929 he opened a lighting product design department and later became
responsible for the lighting sections of the world exhibitions in Barcelona,
Antwerp and Paris. He designed the first Evoluon Holland science centre in
Eindhoven, opened by Philips in 1966.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 67. Portable 4.3-inch
television for b/w images Shilyalis-402D. This television was produced in the
Kauno Radijo Gamykla (KRG) radio station in Kaunas in 1974 with power or
battery operation (220 or 12 Volts). Reception is in the MW and UHF ranges.
Diagonal screen size mm. 160, reproducible sound frequency range 400/3500,
nominal output power is W. 0.25. The dimensions are mm. 230 x 220 x 160, the
case is in red plastic while the front is black, there are the switch/volume,
contrast and brightness knobs. At the
bottom are the two selectors for VHF and UHF. There are two antennas, one
circular and one telescopic, and the handle is marked SHILJALIS 402D-1E.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 68. Symphonion, perforated
metal disc music box, 145 mm in diameter. It was produced, in 1895, by
'Symphonion Musikwerke, Leipzig' located at 13-19 Braustrassw Street. The
perforated discs have a small metal plectrum at the hole, which excites the
metal reed producing the sound as in ordinary music boxes. The mechanism is
contained in a box measuring mm. 127 x 197 x 177 with the lid in walnut briar
and the rest veneered in walnut, inside vie is the metal comb, the roller that
transmits the impulse of the plectrums, the pin that rotates the disc and an
axle that holds the disc in place. On the inside of the lid there is a paper
print with dance scenes and on the outside there is the name Symphonion. The
comb has forty metal reeds: a lever on the right side of the box allows to
stretch the spring that will make the disc spin with a smaller lever on top
that allows to stop the rotation. The Symphonion Company started business in
1885 and produced the first music box with a disc player. Its founders were Oscar
Paul Lochmann and two partners Gustave Brachhausen and Paul Riessner. Within
two years, however, these two men had left to found the Polyphon company which
produced similar machines in competition with the original company. In 1889,
the Symphonion company became a joint stock company or Aktiengesellschaft, with
shares listed on the stock exchange. In 1900, Symphonion's business continued
under the control of Franz Thumen and Hans Kanitz until 1909, when it ran into
financial difficulties and was restructured, with the company name changing to
Symphonion-Fabrik AG. Under this name it remained in existence at Schkeuditzer
Strasse 13-17b in Gohlis. Symphonion is distinguished by the enormous diversity
of types, styles and models produced.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 69. Snoby cc/ca portable
record player, made in Lecco, Italy, by TRL Electronics, in 1965. Portable
device of quadrangular shape of mm. 200 made of plastic, coral-coloured the
upper part and cream-coloured the lower part. On the front there is a button
for ejecting the record and two black dials, for tone and volume. It can run on
dry batteries (1.5 Volt) or connected to the 220 Volt mains; it mounts a
magnetodynamic loudspeaker (permanent magnet and moving coil) with an output
power of 0.5 W.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 70. Tape recorder, model
Miny 2301 Transistor Tape Recorder, made in Japan in 1960. Portable device with
two motors, running on dry batteries: 3 x 1.5 Volt for winding the coils and 1
x 9 Volt for the microphone, magnetodynamic loudspeaker (permanent magnet and
voice coil) / Ø 6 cm Device made of grey plastic, dimensions mm. 205 x 65 x
185. Reel diameter 76 mm (3 inches) can hold the tape at 15 - 20 minutes
recording time. Microphone with control button whose input is located on the
right side of the unit. On the upper side, in addition to the reel slot, there
is a four-position selector switch (rewind, stop, play and record) and the
volume wheel. To replace the batteries, it is necessary to unscrew the large
screw in the centre of the bottom cover strip and remove it completely. The
built-in speaker emits a fairly loud but crackling sound.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 71. Diana model reed musical
box built in Leipzig, Germany, in 1902, by the Phönix company. Inside there are
two bellows and a windchest with fourteen steel reeds set in vibration by the
bellows and, on the bottom, there is the serial number N° 4810. The case is in
black painted wood, the measurements are: mm. 200 x 240 x 134. On the side
there is the crank which activates the two bellows and spins the discs, fixed
by a lever on the plane of the instrument, which press the levers which release
the reeds which emit the notes. This model was presented in 1901 at the Leipzig
Autumn Fair. The producers were the music company Phoenix Schmidt & Co. The
cornerstone for the booming music industry throughout Germany was laid in
Leipzig. Paul Ehrlich was the architect, then the Phönix of Schmidt & Co.
followed his example, starting to produce musical box in 1886 in Kurprinzstraße
18 (today Grünewaldstraße). There are twenty discs in galvanized sheet metal
with a diameter of 163 mm.</span></span></p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
</div>
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-474484226666161932017-01-10T15:00:00.053-08:002023-11-15T09:02:26.473-08:00MUSICA DA TASTO<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglmGpyZP4K0NbOWjmMXt_2c0ZAD4SJd0we7oJyIWx9B0Iz5_xuxbE-Od1E8aXwdxumWZEU2P_JpBAHpTUpvwqOkpmhdKrQTYqQcUV0Fvd3TPnfVW_kpc8Tp1ab0EjpKLcWvLrWYYFufRQ/s2290/griglia+tasto+8.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="709" data-original-width="2290" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglmGpyZP4K0NbOWjmMXt_2c0ZAD4SJd0we7oJyIWx9B0Iz5_xuxbE-Od1E8aXwdxumWZEU2P_JpBAHpTUpvwqOkpmhdKrQTYqQcUV0Fvd3TPnfVW_kpc8Tp1ab0EjpKLcWvLrWYYFufRQ/w640-h198/griglia+tasto+8.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: white;"><br /></span><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">A. 1. Bone notched flutes,
Peruvian, from different areas and funeral goods in Nacza necropolis: Nazca
culture. The first (votive?) is small-sized, 8,3cm (3.25”) and has four dark
front holes. The second (votive?) has three front holes, is 10,5cm (4.15”)
long, and is perfectly preserved and playable. The previous flutes are datable
between 1st and 3rd century, while the following are datable between 4th and
6th century A.D. The third is made of a pale bone, perfectly preserved and
playable. Its length is 16,5cm (6.5”) and has five front holes and one back
hole. The forth is a flute obtained from a shinbone, 19,5cm (7.65”) long, with
four holes on the front and a small damage on the foot. The fifth, at the end,
is an instrument obtained from a shinbone, but, differently from the previous
ones, it is close on the foot so that it has four front holes and a wide vent
hole, and it is 22,3cm (8.75”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">A. 2. Cane notched flutes,
Peruvian, from different areas and funeral goods in Chancay necropolis; Chancay
culture, Pre-Columbian Era (datable between 1000 A.D. and 1300 A.D.). The
instruments are perfectly preserved and playable, all of them are opened on the
foot and with holes only on the front side. The first is 17,4cm (6.85”) long
and has seven holes, the second is 21cm (8.25”) long and has six holes, the
third is 21cm (8,25”) too, but with lower calibre, and shows seven holes
growing in dimensions from the top to the bottom, and the last, 22,5cm (8.85”)
long, is provided with seven holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">A. 3. Bronze instruments: 1)
Bronze bell with clapper, Alps (?), small dimensions, probably of the 18th
century, used as a cowbell. 2) Bronze bell without clapper, from Danubian area,
datable between the 2nd and the 4th century A.D., 54mm (2.1”) in height and
38mm (1.5”) in diameter. 3) Bronze bell without clapper, from Danubian area,
datable between the 2nd and the 4th century A.D., 64mm (2.5”) high, with
diameter measuring 34 x 38 mm (1.35” x 1.5”). 4) Wrought-iron bell (with brass
residual), Carnic Alps, 16th - 17th century. The height is 50mm (1.95”) while
the base is 49 x 34 mm (1.9” x 1.35”). 5) Medieval-Byzantine bell, 11th – 13th
century, made of brass, dimensions 30 x 31 mm (1.18”x1.22”). 6) Small bronze
trumpet of difficult dating, found in Sicily (Palermo). The instrument,
excellent in make, is a sort of little conical-frustum-shaped natural trumpet,
probably ceremonial, measuring 173mm (6.8”), its mouthpiece is missing.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">A. 5. Aulos recreated
starting from vascular figures of evidences conserved in museums in Taranto and
Lecce and from fragments of a bone aulos conserved in Taranto. These are four cane
instruments made without electric tools. The first is 595mm (23.4”) long. It
has four holes and a simple reed. The second is 490mm (19.3”) long. It has five
holes and a simple reed. The third is 448mm (17.65”) long. It has four holes
and a double reed. The fourth is 400mm (15.75”) long. It has five holes and a
double reed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">A. 6. Syrinx found by
excavations in the region of Aleppo, Syria, on the hills near the River
Euphrates. The date is extremely uncertain. The instrument is carved in a
single block of stone (black steatite), has four tubes of decreasing length
that emit the notes E b, E, F# and G# and a ring laterally. The longest tube is
mm. 166, the overall width shall be mm. 56 and the height of mm. 12.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">A. 7. Bone notched flute,
Peruvian origin, Chancay (North coast of Peru), datable to 1400 AD. The
instrument is in llama's bone, has four front holes and one in back. Around the
holes there are geometric decorations and six small semi-precious stones while
the finish shows a zoomorphic decoration with a pelican head with two
semi-precious stones like eyes. Length is mm. 237.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">G. 1. French harp made by
Erard between 1788 and 1789 with simple action pedals. On the brass plate of
the neck there is the caption: N° 159 \ Erard Freres, par brevet d'Invon à
Paris. \ Facteurs de Forte-Piano & Harpes, de LL MM Impales & Royales.
The serial number indicates that this instrument was made after the 80-pieces
stock for the famous harpist J. B. Krumpholtz, together with whom Sisbastien
Erard modified the harp machinery adding the simple action and, after some
year, the double action. The soundbox has semicircular section, made of two
halves joined so that they create five rectangular openings in the centre of
the back. The soundboard is made of fir; the central planking is made of maple,
while the lower is made of beechwood. On the planking there are 41 holes for
the strings, all of them original made of gut, with original ebony pins. The
column shows 12 grooves with the base decorated with acanthus leaves made of pastiglia,
the head is decorated with winged feminine figures alternated with acanthus
leaves and with a ram head on the top; the head ends on the top with couples of
sphinxes holding as many lyres. On the neck there are the rotating tuning pins
and 41 steel bridge pins. On the foot there are 8 brass pedals with
single-notch openings (the fourth pedal helps to regulate the back openings).
Measures: height 1732mm (68.2”), breadth 388mm (15.25”), width 798mm (31.4”).
Column height 1609mm (63.35”), section 51mm (2”), moulding 46mm (1.8”).
Soundbox maximum breadth 368mm (14.5”), minimum 92mm (3.6”), length 1360mm
(52.55”), maximum width 170mm (6.7”), minimum 65mm (2.55”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 1. ¾ grand piano, made by
Ed. SEILER in Germany in 1940s, and signed on the pinblock: 32801 Ed, Seiler
Pianofortefabrik G. m. b. H. / Liegnik / Grökte Pianofortefabrik Oft =
Deutfchlands2. The instrument is varnished black, with three legs that are
tapered downwards and screwed to the soundbox; it has a lid with lid prop, and
a fall board for the keyboard. The soundboard is made of fir and the keyboard
has 85 notes from A1 to A6; the hammers have ascending action with double jack
system. The instrument has two pedals (dumper pedal and soft pedal).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 2. Table piano,
rectangular, made in London in 1834. The instrument made of mahogany, is signed
PATENT REPEATER / COLLARD & COLLARD / LATE / CLEMENTI, COLLARD &
COLLARD / LONDON with a range of 6 octaves (73) from F2 to F6 and with a series
of white keys of 43mm (1.7”). The instrument has 4 mahogany legs and a false
leg for the only pedal for the sustaining system (damper pedal). The front
board, above the keyboard, is removable, and on the sides there are two
fretwork openings. The lid is made of 2 tilting boards and a fall for the
keyboard. Sound board made of fir with the caption 7372 PATENT REPEATER
impressed on it; bridge made of maple and iron pins.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 7. Danish table piano,
branded HORNUNG & MOLLER / KIÖBENHAVN / medallion with the honours achieved
in Paris 1885, London 1862, London 1851, inside there is the writing: HORNUNG
& MOLLER / Kgl. Hof. / pianofortefabrik / patent / KIÖBENHAVN and a piece
of handwritten paper with the date of the first tuning Septembre, 23rd 1866.
The instrument, entirely made of mahogany, is 190cm (74.8”) long, 85cm (33.45”)
wide and 91cm (35.8”) high. The keyboard has seven octaves (the last without B
and Bb), the soundboard is made of fir, the pinblock is arranged on the right
of the instrument and the strings are arranged diagonally to the keyboard.
There are four legs with end wheels, turned at the end while the body is
hexagonal and tapered downwards. There is a lid with tilting board and a fall
for the keyboard, all of them made of mahogany.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 8. Anonymous rectangular
harpsichord (according to the definition by J. H. van der Meer and Tagliavini).
The wind chest made of fir, on the right short side, on a single wooden block
with a brass foil on the top, shows two groups of pegs for the higher and the
lower notes. The strings pass on the L-shaped bridge of the wind chest, running
almost perpendicularly to the key lever; they pass the L-shaped bridge near the
joint and are fasten along the bottom of the instrument. The jacks, arranged
almost parallel to the joints, pluck the strings, stretched in pairs, one toward
the player and the consecutive toward the bottom. Small compartment for
utensils on the left. Board without rosette. Coming from the Alps and datable
to the first half of 19th century. The receding keyboard is decentralized on
the left of the instrument and has 54 keys (C0 – F4) covered with ebony foils;
the chromatic keys are made of white bone. For every key there is a single
string made of spring steel and the jacks have brass plectrums. On the supports
of the tangents there is a narrow, long damper lath. Under the instrument there
are two mechanics, activated with the upper part of the knees, the right one
still running and working on the dumpers. The paint and the golden decoration
are not original, but they are very close to the original remains varnish. The
dimensions are 1489 x 548 x 315mm (58,6” x 21,55” x 12,4”) while the legs, with
quadrangular section and lightly tapered, are 557mm (21,9”) high<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 9. Four-pedal fortepiano,
German, dating from the mid-19th century, anonymous. In addition to the resonance
pedal, there is the 'moderator', which acts by inserting a thin strip of felt
between the hammers and the strings, creating a vaporous and mysterious sound
effect. Another bizarre pedal controls the so-called 'bassoon'; in this case,
it is a strip of parchment that, coming into contact with the vibrating
strings, produces a very nasal sound somewhat similar to that of the bassoon. A
real curiosity is the so-called 'turcherie' pedal, which controls a series of
contraptions designed to simulate the sound of a bass drum, bells and cymbals,
a sound typical of contemporary Turkish music. The instrument is made of
walnut, has four turned legs tapering downwards, is 1855 mm wide, 910 mm deep
and 880 mm high. The keyboard has forty-seven ivory and thirty-three ebony keys
(from C2 to G8), the top is spruce, the anklet is placed on the right side of
the instrument and the stringing is diagonal to the keyboard, there are four
pedals, the fourth controls three bells and a mechanism for striking all the
strings (turcheria). There is a flap lid and a hatch for the keyboard, all made
of walnut.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 10. Metronomes for piano.
The first, English, made of wood, branded Maelzel, dates back to the first
decades of 20th century and has the shape of a pyramid. The second is a little
portable French metronome, made of Bakelite in the shape of a parallelepiped
during the first half of 20th century by Parquet manufacturer. The third is an
English brass metronome, made in 1884 and branded: PINFOLDS / RE N° 12445 /
BREVETE S.G.D.G. on the mobile weight. It is made of a pendulum swinging on the
pins, with a circular weight at the bottom; on the pendulum the tempo markings
are carved: "PRESTO" "ALLEGRO" "ANDANTE"
"ADAGIO" "LARGETTO"
and "LARGO" while on
the back there are the speed markings (from 48 to 144).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 12. English diapasons in
their mahogany case lined with blue velvet. The caption PHILARMONIC and the two
notes A and C are carved on the instruments. The diapasons are made of steel
with lanceolate foot and with the length respectively of 111mm (4.35”) and
117mm (4.6”) respectively, while the case is 139 x 32 x 51 mm (5.45” x 1.25” x
2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 16. Dance card, Praguer,
made of golden and silvered metal, that was held with the wrist by the ladies
and was used to note the order of the dance partners. It is made of an upper
hook with a rich decoration, three chains with little golden balls and a
feather, and a lower medallion with, on the front, the overlapping initials M B
and on the back the date: 24. LEDNA (January) 1893 on a little jotter with an
ivory-headed pencil.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 17. Transponier-Harmonista.
The harmonista is a device that allows to produce complete harmonies pushing a
button; it can be firmly located on the keyboard of an organ, or movable. The
adjective transponier indicates the mobile device that can slide so that it can
be arranged on various positions on the keyboard. The main makers of these
devices were two, Ernst Erich Liebmann and Emil Müller. This instrument was
made in 1908 by Emil Müller, pipe organ maker in Werdau and harmonistas chosen
by numerous organ brands, who operated from 1887 to 1945. On the plaque we can
read: Transponier - Harmonista / D.R.G.M. No. 364901. No. 364902 Ausland-Patent
angem. Every button activate four little cylinders made of wood that lower the
keys (when the landmark is on the C the first button lowers the notes C, E, G,
C producing the C major chord, and so on). On the top there are twenty-eight
buttons (twelve pale, six dark, and ten pale) that are used to play likewise
chords. The dimensions are 730 x 127 x 73 mm (28.75” x 5” x 2.85”), on the back
there are two spacers while on the front there are two stops with butterfly
screw to fix it on the keyboard, a position arrow, and a slice of paper with
the indication of the chords.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 18. Metal tuners, German,
datable to the first years of 20th century, branded Antonie Englberger and
contained in a box measuring 187 x 20 x 60 mm (7.35” x 0.8” x 2.35”). The
tuners, the cases, and the slots in the box are marked: C. Cis. D. Dis. E. F.
Fis. G. Gis. A. B. H. They are twelve cylindrical tuners with metal reed
measuring 32 x 8 mm (1.25” x 0.3”) contained in as many metal cylinders
measuring 38 x 10 mm (1.5” x 0.4”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 21. French metronome on the
template Johann Nepomuk Maelzel, dating from around 1830. It is shaped like a
square pyramid with wooden base mm. 110 and height 262, which rests on two
front legs and one a rear. All sides are decorated: the feet, the flame that dominates
the instrument and the bottom of the cover are in golden bronze and richly
decorated with cherubs and flowers. If you open the front door, it is made
visible a graduated scale that allows the correspondence between the different
music times and the number of oscillations of a pendulum in iron, along which a
flowing pilot whose position is used to adjust the scan time. The operation of
the instrument, activated by a spring on the right side, is based on a
clockwork mechanism regulated by escapement driven by the pendulum, whose
period is variable within a defined range. The label inside reads: Metronome
Maelzel / Par J ,, WAGNER Neveu / Meccanicien horologer / Rue Mountmartre # 118
in Paris / advant rue du Cardian N ° 39 / N ° ...... / Signature de M Wagner
(signature) .<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 22. Table harmonium,
anonymous, light wood with a pretty painted decoration on top. The instrument
is probably Italian, dating from the late nineteenth century, it has a lever,
located on the left, which operates the bellows. The upper door is in two
pieces and, opening it, you can see 25 keys (from C3 to C5) operated by the
right hand, and the wind chest with its springs. The dimensions are mm. 365 x
185 x 200.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 25. Chromatic pitch pipe
with 13 reeds (F3 to F4), marked: PAT U.S.A. MARCH 17.31 MAY 10 25 / MADE IN
GERMANY. Built in 1936 in the German branch of the WM Kratt Company. The pitch
pipe, round, is nickel-plated metal and bakelite, brass reeds, green velvet
case with zip on beige fabric, diameter mm. 65 x 8 thick. After arriving in the
United States from Germany, William Jacob Kratt, Sr. was hired as a machinist
by Thomas Edison and soon became a foreman. In 1915 Kratt left Edison to work
for a string manufacturer in New Brunswick, NJ. They made strings for guitars,
banjos and fiddles. In 1918 he returned to Germany and began his first venture
as an entrepreneur, forming the National Harmonica Company in Trossingen, the
town where he was born in 1892. In 1925, he returned to New Jersey and began
making music boxes and "cymbals" for musical toys. The Kratt Company
factory (1925-2002) was at 988 Johnston Place, Union, and produced three types
of chromatic metal pitch pipes tuned in the keys C, F, Eb.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 48. French bagpipe (musette
de cour), anonymous. The major spread of this instrument was in France, during
the second half of 17th, when Charles-Emmanuel Borjon de Scellery (1672) wrote
his Traité de la Musette and the Hotteterres improved the drone and added a
second chanter (before there was only one). Unlike the great bagpipes, this is
a small and elegant instrument, used in courts and by the nobles not only for
chamber music, but also in big compositions, like operas, in which it was
connected to shepherds and farmers. However the popularity rapidly faded and,
unlike the other bagpipes, the use of this instrument petered out at the
beginning of 19th century. This instrument, datable probably to the first half
of 18th century, has a small bag made of reversed goat leather upholstered with
a finely-made silk and linen brocade covering even if now is very degraded.
There is a 112mm (4.4”) ivory mouthpiece and, also made of ivory, the 319mm
(12.55”) long chanter and the 207mm (8.15”) long drone with a small stopper on
the foot. These two elements have cylindrical bore, have double reed, and are
connected together with a silk binding: the chanter has seven front holes (the
last a double hole), a back hole, and two sound holes on the bell.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-81614525220907713842017-01-10T15:00:00.051-08:002023-11-15T09:03:14.964-08:00MUSICA DAL MONDO<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 6. Flutina (Harmoniflüte),
anonymous. First half of 20th century, probably Indian. This instrument is a
little harmonium with free reeds; the bellows, on the back, are activated with
the left hand while the right plays the keyboard. The range is from C2 to D4,
the chromatic keys are made of ebony while the diatonic keys are plated with
mother of pearl. The box, made of fir, measures, with closed bellows, 55 x 29
cm (21.65” x 11.4”), h 25cm (9.85”). These instruments were born in France but
nowadays are widespread in India and Pakistan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 4. Suspended gong
(Kempul), with its drumstick, dating back to the end of the 18th century. The
instrument is of Indonesian manufacture, used in gamelan complexes on the
islands of Java or Bali. It is entirely melted in a bronze alloy with 10 parts
of copper and 3 of tin, with a diameter of 667mm (26.25”) and presents the
typical central swelling, diam. 148mm (5.2”). The border is 124mm (4.9”) wide
and is receding backwards with a back diameter of 609mm (23.95”) and a weight
of about 11,8 Kg (26lbs).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 5. Indian gong entirely
made of fused bronze, diameter 41cm (16.15”), mid 19th century. The gong is
supported by a rosewood structure, amazingly inlaid.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 6. Gongs, (series of
four), anonymous, finely made, datable to mid 20th century, entirely made of
bronze. The instruments have diameters: 1) 298mm (11.75”) emitting the note F,
2) 345mm (13.6”) emitting the note Db, 3) 378mm (14.9”) emitting the note Bb,
and 4) 382mm (15.05”) emitting the note A.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 39. Decoy for birds of prey
(falcons), globular flute of Han Chinese people, made traditionally with river
terracotta, wood oven baked, and painted black. This decoy, datable to early
20th century, is a globular flute, pyriform, 67mm (2.65”) high, with four front
holes and a back hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 1. Side-blown ivory horn
made out of an elephant tusk, datable to mid 19th century and coming from Zaire
(now Congo). The instrument is coloured with a brown natural colourant (derived
from the cooking of resins and flowers), with a rhomboidal embouchure on the
upper third and the sound is produced by the vibration of the player’s lips.
The instrument presents an anthropomorphic sculpture on the top while the body
is smooth; it is about 2kg heavy and 741mm (29.1”) long, with bell diameter 87
x 69 mm (3.4” x 2.7”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 2. Warning and hunting
horn from Congo. The side-blown instrument is made of a piece of ivory, hollow
and painted dark red, covered with leather for two thirds, from the bottom till
the embouchure hole. The upper third has an oval embouchure hole in relief, and
the top ends with a little hole. The instrument is 334mm (13.15”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 4. Reed horn from Northern
Africa. Folk instrument dating back to the first half of 20th century, made of
a cane with a reed to be played capped (held inside the mouth) with five front
holes and a bell made of ox horn.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 5. Zanza from Tanzania,
datable to the beginning of 20th century. The zanzas are widespread in the
whole Africa; those coming from the South of the Congo Basin are made of a
series of metal tongues put on a resonator with an end tied to a metal bridge
and the other end free, in order to be plucked. This instrument presents 11
tongues (one is missing) and a wooden trapezoidal resonator, 265mm (10.45”)
long and wide from 110mm (4.35”) to 128mm (5.05”) with some seeds inside that,
when the instrument is shaken, produce a rhythmic sound.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 11. Moroccan finger cymbals
(karkabas). These instruments are a sort of metal castanets, consisting in two
pairs of jingles that are beaten against them. The finger cymbals are very
ancient rhythmic instruments, widespread all around the world, made in
different shapes and with different materials.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 12. Folk lute-harp (kora)
from Western Africa (Senegal) made of a sound box obtained from the half of a
pumpkin covered with a painted leather (antelope?). The six strings start from
different heights of the thin handle and are fasten to the lower part of the
sound board passing though the vertical sides of the bridge. Next to the
handle, on the board, two other thin wooden pieces are fixed with some
ornamental shells used by the player to hold the instrument and play the
strings with the thumbs. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 13. Sarangi, fidel from
Northern India, made during the first half of 20th century. The instrument is
made of a large pegsbox, a short and robust handle, and a soundbox made of the
wooden back in a semicylindrical shape, lightly flared in the centre, and the
sound board made of parchment. The instrument is richly decorated with red and
green floral drawings on black background, while on the handle there is a
feminine figure. There are four metal strings for the bow and nine resonance
strings with the pegs fixed on the left side of the handle. The pegs are
painted black with golden heads.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 14. Shō (Japanese mouth
organ), 19th century, coming from The estate / collection of world renowned
ethnomusicologist Elisabeth Kidd. The shō is one of the most ancient Japanese
instruments (first descriptions dating back to 3000 years ago) and it is made
of 17 bamboo canes with fingerhole and, inside, a free reed; the player blows
in a wooden air tank at the bottom of the canes and produces the sound stopping
up the holes of the canes with the fingers, so he makes the corresponding reed
vibrate. This instrument presents seventeen canes with various dimensions
(three mute and fourteen playable), it is datable to mid 19th century and is
signed by the maker with Chinese characters.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 15. Indian sitar made
between the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century. This
instrument, typical of Northern India, is made of a body obtained from a
pumpkin, a wooden sound board with decorations made of wood and metal, neck and
pegbox made of wood, bridges and nuts made of bone, and 19 metal frets. The
melody is played with five strings starting from the pegbox and two starting
from the neck, connected to large round-headed pegs, arriving to a sliding
bridge, passing on the metal curved frets. Under the frets there are 11
sympathetic strings, arranged in a cavity of the neck and fixed to side pegs
with flat head. The instrument is 1294mm (50.95”) long, and the width of sound
board is 335mm (13.2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 16. Folk fidel datable to
the second half of 19th century, made by the Gonds, a population of Central
India, and it is made of a wooden body in conical-frustum shape, with a leather
sound board and a long wooden handle, turned, not fingerable, with three pegs
fixed on the top for the three metal strings. The instrument was played with a
short and stocky bow and the strings pass inside the wooden sliding bridge. The
instrument is 1009mm (39.7”) long and the diameter of the sound board is 219mm
(8.6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 18. Ethiopian boxed folk
lyra (kerar), datable to the second half of 19th century. The instrument is
made of a wooden semi-cylindrical box with a leather sound board with five
sound holes. The structure is made of two columns fixed in the box sustaining a
crosspiece on the top and a lower piece of wood as tailpiece. The six strings
are fixed from the upper crosspieces to the tailpiece, and the bridge is made
from the lower border of the soundbox. This instrument, played plucking or with
a plectrum made of leather or animal nail, is used to accompany the singing
during religious festivities and magical rituals, especially those associated
to therapeutic practice.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 19. Dombra, National
instrument of Kazakhstan, sort of lute with narrow and long neck, similar to
the Turkish saz. The instrument presents two playing strings tightened from the
pegbox and fingered on the long neck divided in 20 sliding frets tied around
the neck. The body, pyriform, and the painted sound board with a little sound
hole in the centre, are made of fir.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 20. Nepalese rebab (rabab).
The rebab is an instrument widespread in North Africa and Middle East
countries, it belongs to lutes family but it is played with a bow. This
instrument, made in mid 20th century, has four metal strings not fingerable on
the neck, fixed on a single pin at the bottom of the instrument. The rabab is
made out of a single piece of hard wood, richly carved; the goat leather of the
sound board covers only the distal part on which the bridge lies. The bow is
made of a much curved cane on which the bow hairs are tightened. Length 475mm
(18.7”), maximum width 145mm (5.7”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 21. Afghan rubab (robab),
dating back to the second half of 19th century. The rubab belongs to the lutes
family and it is played plucking. This is the National instrument of
Aghanistan, it has six playing strings, fingered on the short neck with three
gut frets around it tightened from the pegs in the pegbox, with a sort of
richly carved scroll, and fixed to the lower pin. The strings are made of gut
(two) and metal (four). There are also 10 sympathetic strings made of metal,
tightened from the pegs on the left side of the neck, passing through a little
bridge and fixed on the same lower pin. The sound board is made of goat leather
tightened on the body of the instrument that is made of a single 8-shaped piece
of wood, very wide and richly adorned with studs and decorations made of
silver, while on the neck there are rich bone decorations. The dimensions are:
length 909mm (35.8”), height of the soundbox 216mm (8.5”), breadth of the
soundbox 169mm (6.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 22. Double clarinet, North
African instrument datable to the first decades of 20th century. It is a
scraped-reed instrument and, over time, it has kept unchanged in shape and
materials. The instrument is made of the main parts: the reeds (made of a
cleverly carved small female cane strengthened with tarred twine), the body
made of two parallel pipes, each with five holes, held together with two pieces
of leather, and the bell made of horn. The instrument, 338mm (13.03”) long, is
played with the circular breathing technique.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 23. Tibetan horn (dungchen)
datable to mid 20th century, made of copper and brass, telescopic (divisible in
three pieces), 1340mm (48.8”) long. This is the typical instrument during the
rituals of Tibetan Buddhism, the length goes from 1m to 3m, but it can even
reach 4.5 m. In order to be played, the longest instruments are usually fixed
on a wooden support. The dungchens used in Himalayas and other mountain areas
produce a low sound with echo effect, so that this instrument is not used for
melodies but for a basic sound and, in order to get a continuing sound, the
instruments are always used in couples or the players use the circular
breathing. Their sound can be heard from dawn to sunset, before the rituals
inviting to pray or during important processions.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 24. Cameroonian marimba, difficult
dating, entirely made of dark wood, probably during the first half of 20th
century. It is made of two anthropomorphic side struts, finely carved, holding
two boards on which there are five sounding bars; the small number of bars
indicates that the instrument had not playing function but it was used to
provide warnings for the inhabitants of the villages. The approximate
dimensions are: length 602mm (23.7”), width 332mm (13.05”), height 304mm
(11.95”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 25. Zanza from Cameroon,
datable to the beginning of 20th century. It is made of a single piece of dark
wood finely carved in the shape of a woman as for the head and the feet, while
the body, pyriform, is carved and over it there is a leather membrane with a
triangular hole. 8 wooden tongues are fixed on the membrane, between two pale
wood bridges. The instrument is 671mm (26.4”) high.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 26. Central African marimba
made of a supporting parallelepipedic structure on which there are eight
sounding bars. The structure is maintained by twines and three little emptied
pumpkins are tied under the bars as resonators. On this instrument, with the
notes arranged decreasing, some very rhythmic simple melodies can be played.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 27. Esraj, folk bowed
instrument from Northern India, datable to the first decades of 20th century,
made of rosewood, 905mm (35.6”) long, with pegs made of soft wood and two brass
bands on the sides of the fingerboard. This instrument is a cross between sitar
and sarangi: the first for the long neck, with four playing strings and fifteen
sympathetic strings fixed by pegs to a wooden band on one side of the neck; the
second for the playing technique and the wooden small soundbox with a middle
constriction and with the leather sound board. The esraj has the playing
strings tuned in F, C, C, G while the sympathetic strings are tuned from C3 to
C5 and it is used in art music as solo instrument or, in Bengal, to accompany
the female singing.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 28. Pipa, Chinese
traditional instrument, sort of lute with pyriform sound box, flat and thin, with
four strings tuned in C, F, G, C. Instrument datable to the first decades de
20th century, it presents five big frets on the neck and fourteen on the sound
board that has not sound hole, the pegbox in the shape of a sickle has four
long wooden pegs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 29. Yueqin (moon guitar),
Chinese traditional plucked instrument, with four strings tuned by fifths two
by two in C, C, A, A. Instrument datable to the first decades of 20th century.
The soundbox is circular and flat, and presents two sound holes in the shape of
half moons on the sides; on the thin neck there are 17 bone frets and the
sickle pegbox has four long pegs made of wood and bone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 30. Pau de Chuva (Palo de
lluvia, Rainstick), Chilean, made of cylinder made out of a dried cactus,
length 405mm (15.95”), diameter 58mm (2.3”), closed at the ends, with inside a
spiral structure made of cactus thorn nails, and filled with shell dust, seeds,
and pebbles. This shaken idiophone is spread most of all in Central and South
America, and Oceania; the rainstick has very ancient origins, and nowadays is
not used only for music, but also for religious rituals, propitiatory for
harvest and rain. Since the ancient times the Central American populations used
it also to cure diseases of nervous system, landing to the relaxing sound of
the instrument similar to water, thus to the instrument itself, magical powers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 31. Anthropomorphic zanza
from Cameroon, datable to the first decades of 20th century. This instrument,
belonging to the zanzas made in the north of Congo Basin, presents seven wooden
tongues, arranged between two horizontal planks and fixed with a leather strip
to the sound board made of a wooden rectangular board (181 x 155 mm – 7.1” x
6.1”). This lies on a dark wood piece, carved, sculpted, on the part
corresponding to the chest of the man with the arms upwards, well-defined face
and pierced earlobe, with legs and feet that allow the instrument to stand in
vertical position, height 521mm (20.15”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 32. African harp, from
Cameroon, datable to the first decades of 20th century. This instrument has a
wooden oval soundbox (120 x 171 x 84 mm – 4.7” x 6.75” x 3.3”) covered with
different leathers; the sound board, also made of leather, has two holes, and
the five strings start from it. These are fixed to five wooden pegs arranged at
the end of the neck made of curved wood, 465mm (18.3”) long, fixed to the
soundbox, and having on the top a sculpted human face.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 33. Japanese shimedaiko used
in Noh (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">能</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) and in Shintoist rites. The Noh is a type of theatre
born in Japan in 14th century and characterised by the slowness, a spartan
gracefulness, and the use of characteristic masks. The Noh texts were made in
order to be freely interpreted by the audience, due to the peculiarity of the
language that presents numerous homophones. During some Shintoist rites, this
drum is played with the fingers by the young women. This instrument is a small
taiko with the leather fixed to outer rings, thus removable; it dates back to
the second half of 17th century and comes from the Gifu Prefecture. The
instrument is made of wood, leather, and natural fibre ropes. The diameter of
the leathers is 350mm (13.75”); the diameter of the body is 255mm (10.05”),
while the height is 144mm (5.65”). The drum is made out of a single carved tree
trunk lacquered with urushi lacquer on which the leathers are tightened by
means of ropes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 34. Japanese Yanagawa
shamisen with three strings, datable to mid 19th century. This is a musical
instrument of the lutes family, played with a plectrum (bachi) and used to
accompany the performances of Kabuki and Bunraku and during the Buddhist
tsutome (literally service, duty). The shamisen is an instrument with relative
tuning, that is the pitch of the notes changes according to the preference and
there are different tuning ways. The most used tunings types are: honchoshi,
between the first two strings there is a perfect fourth interval and between
the second and the third string there is a perfect fifth interval; niagari,
with a perfect fifth interval between the first two strings and a fourth
between the second and the third; sansagari, with a perfect fourth among all
the strings. Although the shamisen is a chordophone, in some genres (nagauta)
the bachi is beaten on a semicircular support of the soundbox (called
bachigawa), and in gidayubushi the leather of the soundbox is beaten instead,
so that it also works as a percussion instrument. The top of the soundbox is
protected by a cover in the shape of snake skin, lacquered red, known as kake
dō. The dō (body), quadrangular, 198mm (7.8”) side, is made of karin or Chinese
quince and covered, on the top and on the back, with leather (cat or dog). The
instrument, 995mm (39.15”), has three silk strings that, starting from the
tailpiece made of natural fibre ropes, course the narrow sao (neck) without
frets, made of koki, a hard wood from Himalayas, and made of three embedded
pieces, to end with three elegant pegs. The bachi is made of wood, detachable
in two pieces, and with a protection for the ending part; the bridge is made of
bone. It is conserved in its original case.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 35. Ho-ko, small Buddhist
taiko. These drums are present in Buddhist temples and their sound represents the
voice of Buddha, they are mostly suspended on wooden structured and beaten with
a wooden drumstick. This instrument is small, for this reason it might have
been used for domestic devotion ceremonies, on the leathers there is a painted
red, black, and green threefold tomoe. The leathers are pinned down to the body
with large nails, while the ropes are fixed to two metal rings of the body, and
are used for the suspension. The diameter is 202mm (7.95”) while the height is
84mm (3.3”). The instrument is datable to mid 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 36. Japanese taiko from
Shintoist tradition, used to accompany the prayers to the sky. This drum is
held suspended and is beaten with wooden drumsticks; it has two leathers on a
wooden body tightened with large nails, and three metal rings with some
suspension ropes. The instrument dates back to the last decades of 19th
century. The diameter is 345mm (13.6”) while the height is 99mm (3.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 37. Shakuhachi, Japanese
end-blown flute made of bamboo with five holes, four on the front a one on the
back. It was introduced in Japan from China and used in Zen Buddhism. It was
born as meditation and prayer instrument, than it was used in real expressions
of Japanese music, from traditional to modern. The shakuhachi can emit all the notes
of a chromatic scale, thanks to a particular technique with
angulations/inclinations of the head and the partial closing/opening of the
holes. This instrument, made of a single piece, is 545mm (21.45”) long and is
in D being able to emit, with the five main positions, a pentatonic scale with
the notes D, F, G, A, C. The instrument is anonymous and dates back to the last
decades of 19th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 38. Bullroarer, (rhombus or
woomera), is a xyloaerophone consisting of a hard wooden board that, rotating around
the twine it is fixed to, produces a sound like a whisper or a rumble. Once, it
was rotated during the ceremonies to symbolise the voice of the Ancient
Creators. The sound of the bullroarer can vary by shortening the twine or by
rotating with more or less strength. This instrument has very ancient origins,
some fragments dating back to 10000 B.C. were discovered in Ukraine and in
France, and it is widespread all around the world. In Australia it is used
together with the didgeridoo, in Africa and in Southeast Asia during religious
rituals, also in Piedmont it was use as a tool to call the flocks. This
instrument, Ethiopian, is made of wood with two metal studs on the lower
angles, it is 726mm (28.6”) long (even if the lower part seems to have been shortened),
130mm (5.1”) wide, and 5mm (0.2”) thick, it presents a writing and it is
datable to the end of 19th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 39. Didgeridoo, Yidaki in
Aboriginal language, in E, made during the first half of 20th century by Djalu
Gurruwiwi in Arnhem Land (North-East of Australia), made of stringybark
eucalypt wood. Djalu is the son of Monyu, famous guide of Yolŋu people, who
passed him down the secrets of the make of the instruments and of the rituals
of Galpu clan, in fact the instrument is painted with the typical colours of
this clan: ochre base with four alternating groups of three red and black
stripes. The instrument is146,5cm (57.65”) long, it has lightly conical shape,
and it is sculpted, at the base, to vaguely recall the animal symbol of Galpu
people, the saltwater crocodile.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 40. Nose flute dating back
to the first half of 20th century, made in The Philippines by Igorot people.
The Igorot people now use the nose flute no more, so that it can be considered
an extinct instrument. The instrument, made of cane, is 535mm (21.06”) long;
the conservation status is perfect despite the signs of the use are clear, it
presents three front holes and a back hole, and on the whole body geometrical
motifs are carved. To play this flute, it is placed on a nostril while the
other is hold with one hand, and the other hand plays, in fact the instrument
has only four holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 44. Indian tambura made in
mid of 20th century, 1134mm (44.65”) long, it presents a large pumpkin as
soundbox. The long neck, 96mm (37.85”), is made of wood painted red-purple, it
has four strings with two pegs on the front and two at the sides of the pegbox,
the sliding bridge, is made of bone. The tambura is a kind of drone lute, with
sitar-like shape but without curved frets along the neck. The strings can vary
from four to six; more sophisticated models can also have a series of
sympathetic strings. The tuning is regulated with the pegs on the top of the
neck and to refine the tuning some bone pins at the bottom of the soundboard
can be used. The sound produced by the tambura is rounded and harmonic. It is
usually played to create a background (drone) in instrumental pieces and most
of all for the singing.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 45. Indian tabla, pair of
hand drums. The bhayan, played with the left hand is made of metal, while the
drum for the right hand, dhayan, is made of wood. They are in the shape of
barrels, with leather tightened by means of ropes. The tension of the dhayan
can be modified by rotating the cylinders between the tie rods. Both the drums
have a circular area made of a paste (sihai) composed of manganese, boiled
rice, and tamarind juice, which gives a particularly harmonic sound. The
dhayan, made at the end of 19th century, is 258mm (10.15”) high, the diameter
of the drumhead is170mm (6.7”), the diameter of the sihai is 90mm (3.55”),
there are eight wooden tightening cylinders measuring 70 x 32 mm (2.75” x
1.25”) and there are some traces of a decoration on the whole surface of wood.
The bhayan, made later, is 277mm (10.9”) high, the diameter of the drumhead is
405mm (15.95”) and the diameter of the shiai is 85mm (3.35”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 46. Nagara, pair of Indian
membranophones from Bihar state, near the Nepal border. They are two drum with
a single membrane tightened on a bowl-shaped body, used to be played, with
curved drumsticks, on elephant back. This type of drums is often used in pairs,
being the ancestors of the modern orchestra timpani. These instruments, datable
between the end of 19th century and the beginning the 20th century, are made of
riveted iron layers, with at the bottom a little vent hole, and covered with a
leather held by numerous leather tie rod; they have a drumhead with diameters
410mm (16.15”) and 408mm (10.5”), height 245mm (9.65”) and 244mm (9.6”); they
present two side handles to hold them fixed to the elephant back.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 47. Xun, black clay ocarina
or globular flute of Han Chinese people, the main ethnic group of China. It is
one of the most ancient instruments of China dating back to about 8000 years
ago. The xun is generally egg-shaped with flat bottom, with 5-7 holes and it is
played blowing in a large hole on the top. The xun range is about two octaves,
with the higher notes needing a certain grade of ability to be clearly played.
Used during ceremonies, the xun survives in Taiwan, but it’s almost disappeared
in China. Nowadays it has been re-evaluated because of the discovery of ancient
xuns in archaeological sites, and there are also some xun virtuosos in China
and Hong Kong. This instrument, made by a skilful artisan whose sign is
impressed on the bottom, dates back to the end of 20th century, it is 87mm
(3.4”) high, the major diameter is 58mm (2.3”), and it presents six front holes
and two back holes, and an elegant yellow decoration.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 50. Erhu, traditional
two-stringed Chinese violin, the name meaning literally “two strings”. It has a
sounbox made of red sandalwood covered with python leather on which the bridge
lies. In the soundbox, opened on the back, the neck is inserted, with, at the
top, two pegs used to tune the strings that have a fifth interval (D4 A4)
between them. It is played with a straight bow, very similar to the bow of a
violin, with horsehair inserted between the strings of the instrument. The erhu
is played while seating, with the sound box on the left thigh and the neck in
vertical position. This instrument is 70mm (27.7”) long, the diameter of the
soundbox back is 68mm (2.65”), the top covered with the leather being 47mm
(1.85”), and it is 127mm (5”) wide.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 52. Dramyin (sgra-snyan),
long-necked Tibetan lute ending with a pegbox in the shape of a horse- or
dragonhead, dating back to mid 19th century. It has five strings: two double
courses and a low string, it is played with a plectrum. It was considered the
main string instrument in religious music of Tibetan Buddhism but, now, it is
common in profane art music. Its shape, in particular the painting technique on
the dragonhead, demonstrates that it was introduced in Tubo (ancient name of
Tibet) during Tang dynasty. Some sgra-snyan can be seen to be played by angels
in Buddhist rock art of 7th century, but also by Hindu Gandharvas. This
instrument has some traces of red and orange on the dragon head and a circular
geometrical decoration on the top of the sound board. The two parts of the
soundbox are sculpted with floral motifs that have traces of red, yellow,
green, and blue. The whole instrument is made out of a single carved mulberry
wood block: the sound box has a very pronounced 8 shape with the upper bout
made of a wooden sound board continuing with a tapered neck till the pegbox,
the lower bout is made of a goat kid leather on which the bridge lies. A small
hard wood plectrum is fastened at the joint of the strings. The total length is
752mm (29.6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 53. Kurdish tanbur dating
back to the end of 19th century. The name comes from “pandur”, Sumerian word
that indicates a long-necked lute. The tambur was already used in Sassanian
period (5th-6th century A.D.). In 10th century A.D., Al-Farabi described a
tambur widespread on the South and West of Baghdad, and a tanbur used in
Khorasan Province, in Persia. This distinction can be the differentiation
source between the modern Arabic instruments, deriving from Baghdad tanbur, and
the instruments of Kurdistan, Iraq, Syria, Iran, Sindh, and Turkey, deriving
from Khorasan tanbur. Later, the Kurdish tanbur was associated with music of
Ahl-e Haqq, a Kurdish religious movement similar to a Sufi order. It is now the
only musical instrument used in Ahl-e Haqq rites and the tanbur players
venerate it as a sacred object. This tanbur has a pyriform soundbox carved in
mulberry wood, a long and narrow neck that can be fingered with 14 sliding gut
frets, and, on the top, three T-shaped pegs for the metal strings, two high
strings tuned on unison and the low string tuned on a fifth. The soundboard has
five small sound holes and a little bridge. The length is 859mm (33.8”) while
the maximum width of the soundbox is 172mm (6.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 54. North African cymbals
made of brass, with diameter 160mm (6.3”) wide, with very small crash area
measuring 8mm (0.3”). The pair of cymbals is datable to mid 20th century and
presents two rope loops as grip.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 59. Japanese koto dating
back to the first decades of 20th century. Together with the instrument there
is a kurotomesode kimono belonged to the player. The koto (箏) is a chordophone
musical instrument belonging to the cithara family, derived from Chinese
guzheng. It was introduced in Japan during the Nara period. The body of the
instrument consists of a soundbox, 182cm (71.65”) long and 24cm (9.45”) wide,
made of Paulownia wood. Thirteen strings with the same diameter run along it,
every string lies on a sliding bridge (ji, 柱) made of bone, the strings are
played with a nail-like plectrum. The koto is compared to a lying dragon. For
this reason, the parts of the instrument have names recalling the parts of the
mythical animal, like for example ryūkō (dragon’s shell): is the upper part of
the soundbox; ryūzu and ryūbi (dragon’s head and dragon’s tail): are the ends
of the instrument. At first, for long time, the koto was only used within the
Emperor’s court. This condition changed in 17th century most of all thanks to
Yatsuhashi Kengyō (1614-1684) who worked to make the koto more accessible to
the population. He created the hirajōshi tuning and as well as some
compositions become classics of the koto literature like Rokudan and Midare.
The koto is played laying it on the floor thanks to four small wooden feet. The
player is seated or on his/her knees in front of the instrument and plucks the
strings with three plectrums (tsume) fixed on the thumb, the index finger, and
the middle finger of the right hand. There are two types of plectrum according
to the two traditional learning schools of this instrument: with oval shape,
used in Yamada School, and with squared shape, used in Ikuta School. The left
hand is not used to play, but to produce a series of embellishments tightening
the strings. Since 20th century, because of the influences of Western music
determining the development of New Japanese Music, the players started to pluck
also with the left hand to produce polyphonic effects. The koto is tuned by
opportunely moving the bridges. There are different types of tuning, according
to the musical genre, the piece to be played, or the school tradition. Some of
the koto tunings are: the hirajoshi (one of the most used), the kokinjoshi, the
gakujoshi, and the honkumoijoshi. The strings of the koto have a numerical name
starting to the string that is farthest from the player. The names are: ichi (一
“one”), ni (ニ “two”), san (三 “three”), yon/shi (四 “four”), go (五 “five”), roku
(六 “six”), shichi/nana (七 “seven”), hachi (八 “eight”), kyū (九 “nine”), jū (十
“ten”), to (“eleven”), i (“twelve”), kin (“thirteen”). The note of each string
changes depending to the chosen tuning. The score for the koto is generally a
tablature read from top to bottom and from right to left. Thus on the tablature
there are the names of the strings to be plucked and not the notes, so that if
it’s not known the type of tuning, the piece cannot be played. On the tablature
there are also the signs indicating the finger to be used and the types of
embellishments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 61. Kou Xian (Chinese: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">口弦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">)
datable to the second half of 20th century with its bamboo case. This is a
plucked idiophone similar to Jew’s harp using the player’s mouth as soundbox.
It is made of four (sometimes three or five) brass small frames with central
lamella joined among them on one end. It is widespread in the whole China; in
particular it is common in ethnic groups of South West China such Yunnan,
Guangxi, and Guizhou. The tuning of the lamellas is given by the first tones of
the minor pentatonic scale. The length is 62mm (2.45”) while the case measures
93mm (3.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 62. Egyptian rabab datable
to the second half of 20th century. Also called rababah, it is a traditional
violin of Egyptian rural folk music (sha’abi) but it is an instrument
widespread all around the Arabic world. It is a viola played vertically with a
bow. It probably derives from the Persian violin, the kamanjah, and from the
joza, typical violin of classical Iraqi music. There are documentations since
the 10th century, on Al Farabi’s works, and during the Middle Age it was so
important that the word indicated any type of string instrument. The rababah
has a long neck, painted black, with a green, red, and white decoration on the
top, that is inserted in a body/soundbox covered with leather, and two black
horsehair strings. The bow has the same horsehair. The sound box is made of a
coconut (Egyptian Arabic: djoz el-hind), on which is tightened a goat leather.
It is not a too loud instrument and it is very versatile, so it is suited to
accompany the voice. For this reason it is the main instrument to accompany
poetry: in rural Arabic folk tradition, it is typical the rababah ash-sha’er,
the rababah of poet, love poetry, and epic poetry. In fact, it is used by
Musicians of The Nile while singing the 10th century Taghribat Bani Hilal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 63. Shamanic ritual drum
from Tibetan region and dating back to early 20th century made of a wooden
frame with diameter measuring 320mm (12.6”) on which two goat leathers are
attached with a stripe made of hide. The drum is installed on a richly
decorated wooden handle and it is equipped with its traditional drumstick made of
pale wood bent by fire.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 64. Suona, (simplified
Chinese: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;">唢呐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">;
traditional Chinese: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">嗩吶</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">; pinyin: suǒnà); also called laba
(Chinese: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">喇叭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">; pinyin: lǎbā) or haidi (Chinese: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">海笛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">;
pinyin: hǎidí). It has a typical strong and high-pitched sound and it is often
used in ensembles of Chinese traditional music. It is an important instrument
for folk music of northern China, in particular the provinces of Shandong and
Henan, where it has long been used for festival and military purposes. It is
also common in the ritual music of Southeast China. In Taiwan, it forms an
essential element of ritual music accompanying Taoist performances of both
auspicious and inauspicious rites, that is those for both the living and the
dead. This is a xiaosuona in C (sopranino), it is 318mm (13.5”) long, has a
wooden body with seven front holes and a back hole, a movable brass bell, a
brass mouthpiece made of two sphere between two disks, and on the top a tubular
bocal to which a double reed is affixed. The instrument is datable to the
second half of 19th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 65. Dizi, Chinese flute made
of porcelain datable to mid 20th century. This instrument shows a hole between
the embouchure and the finger holes that is covered with a thin piece of rice
paper producing the peculiar buzz of this instrument. It is made of white
porcelain with several pictures of blue landscapes and a Chinese writing on the
head; it is 529mm (20.8”) long and 22mm (0.85”) wide; it has six oval holes for
the fingers besides the embouchure hole and the dizi hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 66. Turkish kanun, or qanun,
with 71 strings. It is a trapezoidal zither with 23 courses of three strings
and a course of two strings tightened on the wooden soundboard ending with four
rectangles (kayala) covered with fish leather (or parchment) on which the four
feet of the long bridge lie. The length of the strings can be changed before
playing thanks to the small metal nuts, thus changing the tuning according to
the chosen scale. The strings are plucked by means of large metal plectrums put
on the index fingers and the thumbs of both ends. The instrument, made of pale
wood (walnut?), has the long side measuring 1101mm (43.35”), the base 408mm
(16.05”), and the short side 295mm (11.6”). The instrument is datable to the
first half of 20th century, but the old gut strings have recently been changed
with nylon strings. On the oblique side there are the 71 pegs made of dark wood
and the brass levers for the micro-tones, five for every course that, in
vertical position, modify the pitch of the string for a quarter-tone. On the
soundboard there are four carved sound holes, three in rounded shape on the
bottom and one, in shape of a comma, on the top.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 67. Surpeti (shruti box,
sruti, swar pethi), traditional Indian instrument similar to a small harmonium
without keyboard used as an accompaniment to other instruments and notably the
flute. The sound is produced by metal reeds which are put into vibration by the
air produced by some bellows, as an accordion. It is made of a varnished teak
box measuring 330 x 220 x 60mm (13” x 8.65” x 2.35”). It shows on one side the
bellows to be activated by the left hand, and on the other side six wooden bars
covered with mother of pear arranged on three rows each one with three bars.
Moving the bars the vent hole is freed and the notes are produced: E, D, C
(upper row), B, A, G (lower row). The instrument is datable to mid 20th century
and come from Gujarat, state in North-Western India overlooking the Arabian
Sea.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 68. Japanese statuettes made
of white porcelain. On average 13cm (5.1”) high. Datable to mid 20th century.
They represent seven musicians of Japanese traditional instruments, playing
yokobue, hyoshigi, cymbals, harp, sho, koto and taiko. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 70. Guinbri (gunibri) North
African built in the mid-twentieth century. This is a traditional instrument
spread throughout North Africa, from Morocco to Egypt. The body is made from a
piece of wood excavated or, those of best quality, by a carapace of a small
turtle called Fakroun or fakrun (turtle). The soundboard is made with a thick
enough skin that also serves to be struck, as a small drum. There are three
nylon ropes anchored to large pegs arranged perpendicular to each other at the
top of the round neck, narrow and long, black painted and engraved. the total
length is mm. 515, the resonating chamber in tortoise is mm. 180 x 125 and on
the skin, there are four groups of three holes and a hole for the anchoring of
the ropes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 71. Erhu, a kind of two-stringed
Chinese violin, built in the first half of the twentieth century in bamboo
wood. In the body, cylindrical, covered with thin skin and open at the bottom,
the handle is engaged, the top of which are two large paintings pegs that are
used to pull the two strings tuned to a fifth interval (D4 A4). It is played
with a right arch, very similar to that of our violin, with horsehair that are
however inserted between the strings of the instrument. This tool is long mm.
491, the case has a diameter of mm. For a height of 45 mm. 117.</span><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 72. Popular clarinet, dating
back to the mid-twentieth century, with an reed in the upper part of the body,
the bag made of a coconut covered with white leather and pierced to the ends to
accommodate the Insufflator and, on the other side, the top of the body with
the reed. The body, in wood, has six front holes and a narrow bell. The
instrument is long in total mm. 418 of which 40 of the Insufflator, 124 the
coconut and 254 the body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 73. Two-pipe clarinet
missing the bag and Insufflator, dating back to the mid-twentieth century. The
two bodies, joined by each other and with their respective internal flanks, are
in the mordant wood with cylindrical cane, have six front holes at the same
height and a very narrow and slender bell. The right body is long mm. 322 while
the left one has a long foot without holes for a length of mm. 605.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 74. Laotian Khaen, made up
of 16 bamboo canes tied together at the ends and arranged on two rows with
canes of different height. In the central part they are interconnected by an
oval wooden support with an insufflation opening on which the brass reed is
fastened, placed on the longest pair of canes. Each cane has a hole that allows
you to play the instrument. The longer the length and the lower the sound it
produces. The instrument is usually played with the canes vertical. It produces
sound both when the air is blown and when it is aspirated.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 75. Valiha, a stringed
musical instrument typical of Madagascar. It resembles a zither with the sound
box made from a large piece of bamboo between two knots, beyond which a certain
portion of a reed has generally been left on one side or the other. At the
center there is a long and thin harmonic hole. Between the nodes and in the
sense of the length they delicately detach themselves from the bark of the thin
bands that serve as strings. These are not cut to the ends: the insertions are
protected by a string wrapped all around and the strings, thus obtained, are
held in tension by small bridges in wood, cork or pumpkin bark. The instrument
can be played sitting or standing. Depending on the case, the lower end of the
bamboo is narrow between the knees or feet, or is placed under the arm or
resting on the stomach. Currently the strings are metal and there may be
mechanical similar to those of the guitars for tuning. This instrument, datable
to the first decades of the twentieth century, has 16 strings, is 775 mm long
and mm. 68 in diameter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 76. Rubab from Peshawar, a
city in Pakistan bordering the North-West regions of India. The Rubab, known as
"the lion of the instruments", is a short neck lute made from a
single piece of mulberry wood, with a goat skin membrane covering the hollow
cup of the resonance chamber, on which the bridge. It has three melodic strings
and a variable number of harmonic strings. This instrument, built in the early
decades of the twentieth century, has three melodic metal strings, stretched
from the bottom of the body to the quadrangular box of the pegs (one missing).
On the neck, cable from the back, four pegs are allocated for the resonance
strings. The table is made of goatskin nailed to the edges of the instrument
body. This is a total of mm. 648, the case is long mm. 248 for a maximum width
of mm. 134.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 77. Chinese Suona soprano,
anonymous, in turned wood, lacquered in black with a bone ring at the bell and
a horn ring for ring-holder, dating back to the first decades of the twentieth
century. The instrument has a conical internal chamber, it is played with a
double reed and has seven front and one rear holes. This is one of the main
instruments of Chinese folk music, built in various sizes, accompanies the
popular rituals and songs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 78. Guan (Chinese </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">管</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">)
anonymous, dating from the early decades of the twentieth century. The Chinese
version of the north is called guanzi (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">管子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) or bili (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">篳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">篥</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">
or </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">筚</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">篥</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) and the Cantonese version is
called houguan (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">喉管</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">). It is a double reed with cylindrical chamber instrument
made of hardwood with seven front and one rear holes. The extremities are
decorated with metal rings. It is long mm. 185 and its diameter is mm. 12. It
plays an important role in the wind and percussion formations (chuida or
guchui) that play in traditional festivals and celebrations and is still
popular in the music of the northern Chinese band, as well as in some other
Chinese regions. In the Beijing Opera Orchestra</span><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 79. Dizi (in Chinese </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">笛子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,
in pinyin dízi) Chinese. It is sometimes called di (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">笛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) or hengdi (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">橫笛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">),
it has variants known as qudi (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">曲笛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) and bangdi (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">梆笛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">).
A membrane called a dimo, which determines its typical buzzing tone, is applied
on a hole placed between the insufflation and the first digital hole. The dizi
is an important musical instrument of Chinese tradition, used in popular music
in opera and orchestral music, as well as in Chinese music exported to the
West. The dizi has a long history and a consistent popularity even among
Chinese non-musicians, probably because it is easy to manufacture and transport
and has a very pleasant sound. The dizi is normally manufactured from bamboo,
which is why it is often referred to as "the Chinese bamboo flute",
although bamboo is a material that is usedin the manufacture of many Chinese
instruments (as is the wood in Western instruments) and therefore this
denomination is highly generic. This instrument is made of two pieces of
bamboo: the upper one shows the insufflation hole and an inscription in Chinese
while on the lower one there is the dizi hole, six front holes for the melody
and three terminal holes by intonation. The terminals are in bone while the
joint is in brass. The cylindrical instrument is long mm. 467, the diameter is
mm. 21 and there are fourteen rings painted red.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 80. Persian Ney of recent
manufacture (first decade of the 21st century). The ney is the oldest musical
instrument still used: it has more than 5000 years, some of its specimens have
been found in the excavations in Ur. Normally built in marsh reed, it is a very
sweet flute, fascinating and evocative of dreamlike atmospheres. The executive
technique is considered the most difficult flute technique in the world and the
scale on which they are tuned, based on astral proportions, is very old and
does not coincide with our notation: it is hexatonic and the notes are
different from ours. To compensate for this difference, the musician can still
vary the note up to a tone and a half opening and closing the lips and / or
singing inside the instrument. It is a flute with a simple mouthpiece: the
sound is produced by the breaking of the breath against the edge of the end
farthest from the holes, without any special device, which is not a slight
sharpening of the edge itself; in order for the sound to be produced, it is necessary
to place the flute against the lips in an oblique position and hold the edge
between the upper central incisors. This instrument has five front holes and
one back, has five knots covered with fiber reinforcements painted red and the
two brass terminals. The total length is mm. 696 with an average diameter of
mm. 21.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 81. Gopichand from Dhaka
(Bangladesh) and datable to the mid-twentieth century. This instrument,
equipped with a single rope, is very popular among the Hindu population of
Bangladesh. The instrument is long a total of mm. 494. It consists of a long
bamboo cane mm. 450 and wide mm. 50, open on two sides for about mm. 250
leaving the two ends connected by the two side strips, wide about mm. 15. The
structure is placed on a resonator, made up of half a small pumpkin, to which
on the base, with a diameter of mm. 104, is placed a skin, like a drum. At the
center of the skin a string is stretched that runs inside the instrument and is
fixed at the other end by a peg placed at the top of the upper part of the
bamboo cane. The skin is held in tension by crossed tie rods of black rope
which, running inside small wooden balls, allow to vary the tension of the
skin. The sound of Gopichand is very characteristic: while the right hand
touches the string, the two very flexible bamboo arms are held together by the
left hand, which allows to vary the tension of the string thus producing the
various notes. This instrument is part of the Ektar or Ektara family, is also
known as Gopiyantra or Khamak and is widely used for Baul dance and is said to
be the oldest stringed instrument in India.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 82. Andean chajchas, dating
back to the early decades of the twentieth century. This is a small percussion
instrument of the family of rattles, typically made of goat or sheep hooves and
originating in the Central Andes. The instrument is used in rituals,
traditional ceremonies and much of the region's popular music, particularly in
Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Chile. It consists of a variable number of
dry hooves (which may also come from llamas or alpacas) ) put on a piece of
colored fabric on which small strips of leather are sewn, stuck in the hooves
and stopped with a terminal knot. This specimen is about cm long. 60 and
consists of twenty-seven goat hooves., the guan is used to perform military
scenes along with the sound and other percussion instruments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 83. Bansuri popular Indian
vertical insufflation (fipple flute), datable to the second half of the
twentieth century. The bansuri is made from a bamboo cane with six or seven
finger holes. It is an ancient musical instrument associated with pastors and
pastoral tradition, is intimately linked to the love story of Krishna and Radha
and is depicted in the Buddhist paintings of about 100 AD. The dimensions of
the bansuri range from less than 30 centimeters to one meter. There are two
varieties of bansuri: transversal and vertical. The fipple flute is usually
used for popular music and is held between the lips like a recorder. Because it
allows for superior controls, variations and embellishments, the cross-variety
is preferred in Indian classical music. The first instrument is made of bamboo
embellished by four rings in white silk, has seven front holes and is long mm.
357. The second is made of bamboo painted in black, with ten small and two
large metal rings between which there is a print of Indian woman. It is long
mm. 324 and has six front holes. The third is a bansuri for beginners, made of
brass, with an insufflation hole consisting of a metal tube placed in a
position perpendicular to the labium, mimicking the position of the transverse
flute. There are six front holes and a frieze turned to the headboard for a
total length of mm. 358.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 85. Thai Khlui built in the
second half of the twentieth century. The khlui is a fipple flute used in Thai
folk music, has front holes for the notes and the window of the labium facing
the performer. Originated before or during the Sukhothai period (1238-1583AD),
it was officially declared a Thai national instrument by King Trailokkanat
(1431-1488), which established its official model and constructive
characteristics. This instrument has the bamboo mouthpiece and the wooden body
painted and decorated with floral carvings: it is very small, only long mm.
245, has five front holes and a small terminal bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 86. Bamboo alto saxophone
built at the end of the 20th century in Bangkok. This instrument was born in
the mid-twentieth century; in the form it resembled an alto sax but it was made
of a particular resonant Thai bamboo, which was very cheap and easy to build.
In the first instruments, very rough and approximate, the fingering was
complex, the intonation almost always precarious and the extension reduced.
Over time, many artisans, including Wiboon Tungyuenyong, devoted themselves to
building these instruments in an increasingly professional manner, building
models, like this one, of good quality. The instrument has eight front and one
back holes, the lowest note is Fa and mounts a alto sax alto reed tied with
black string (mouse tail). It consists of sixteen bamboo cylinders of
increasing diameter glued to one another with resin and a long, sharp
mouthpiece at the top of the instrument.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 87. Sacred flute, dating
from the first half of the twentieth century, built by the natives Yatmül in
Papua New Guinea. These flutes are generally used in pairs for ceremonies and
initiations. The sound they make is considered the voice of the spirits of the
clan and can only be played by initiated men. Women, children and uninitiated
men are not even allowed to see the flutes. The images on top of the flutes are
figures of ancestors and totems of the clan. The Sepik River, called in the
German colonial era Empress Augusta, flows north into the Gulf of Papua and is
the country's main waterway. The Yatmül live along the banks of the lower and
middle Sepik and their large houses of worship (Tambaran) as well as flutes and
drums, are decorated with beautifully carved masks that recall the natural
spirits and ancestors. This flute has a bamboo body, 409 mm long and 34 mm
wide, with simple geometric decorations, a little finger hole at the distal end
of 10 mm. in diameter and a large insufflation hole of 19 mm. in diameter at
the proximal end. The ends are decorated with woven straw and coloured in
yellow, red and black. The head is made of wood, painted in black, red and
beige, 461 mm long: there is carved an anthropomorphic figure surmounted by a
bird of paradise, national symbol of Papua New Guinea, with the characteristic
sickle-shaped beak and long caudal feathers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 88. Garamut nyégél (small)
built in northern Papua New Guinea, in the Sepik River delta region, at the end
of the 19th century. Garamuts are classified as slits "drums" but in
fact, not having vibrating membranes, they belong to the family of percussion
idiophones. Garamut is considered a sacred musical instrument, through its sound,
the ancestors speak, and plays a central role in initiation ceremonies: held in
a special place or house of worship, their production often takes place in a
secret place, in the forest, that women and the uninitiated can not see. The
maker retires, according to a description from 1910, to a remote place in the
forest. There he cuts a suitable tree, divides the trunk into three or four
sections and places it in a specially built hut where he can live for several
weeks or months and work in the rain. First of all, he shapes the outer trunk
in an oval shape, almost circular on the lower longitudinal side and narrower
on the upper part. The handles for transport, placed at the extremities, are
sculpted into human and animal figures. The meaning of the drums can be
different for each object of worship for individual social groups within a
society and depending on the situation. The same drum can be used to convey
individual messages and rituals in a magical-religious context. Garamut is also
the name, in the Pidgin language, of the hardwood (Vitex cofassus) commonly
used to build these drums. Garamut are generally very large, from 1.5 to 3
meters, this instead is extremely small, suggesting a domestic ceremonial use.
It is carved in a single piece of wood just 381 mm long including the handles,
the body measures 242 x 64 x 56 mm. The two handles show anthropomorphic
sculptures while on the body there are engraved decorations with oval shapes
vaguely anthropomorphic: the instrument is painted black with red parts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 89. Pungi (in Hindi
language) or Been or Tiktiri (in Indian Sanskrit), datable to the first half of
the 20th century. It is widespread in Indian popular music: in particular it is
used by snake charmers and is linked to the cult of Shiva. It is a double
clarinet, with air reserve, with simple internal reeds, consisting of two tubes
inserted in a bottle-pumpkin (Lagenaria siceraria): the first is made of wood,
equipped with a variable number of holes and creates the melody , while the
second, which can be in bamboo or metal, acts as a drone. The instrument is
altogether mm, 634 long: the singing tube is in wood with a square section,
with eight front holes and one back, of mm. 175 while the drone, in the upper
part is made of bamboo and then ends with a metal tube of mm. 259, for a total
length of mm. 325. The pumpkin, which acts as an air reserve, has a long neck
and ends with a bulge of mm. 124 in diameter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 90. Thai khim, </span><span face=""Browallia New",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">ขิม</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> (pronounced kʰǐm) or </span><span face=""Khmer UI",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">ឃឹម</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> (pronounced Khum) dating from the
sixth decade of the 20th century. The khim is a stringed instrument derived
from Mesopotamian Santur: it was introduced in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand from
China, where a similar instrument is called yangqin. It is played with two
flexible bamboo sticks with the tips covered with leather or wadding to produce
a soft sound. This instrument can be played either by sitting on the floor with
the instrument on the floor, or by sitting on a chair or standing while the
khim is on a stand. The instrument shows a typical "butterfly" shape
and derives from the "hudie qin" (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">蝴蝶</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">琴</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,
lett. "Butterfly zither") although the strings, instead of silk, are
made of steel alloy (in combination with steel strings wrapped in copper for
the bass notes), in order to give the instrument a brighter and stronger tone.
It has a wooden sound box painted in brown, trapezoidal shape, with lid: the
long side is cm. 83, the short side cm.
35, the oblique ones cm. 46 and the high is cm. 5. On the soundboard, in fir,
there are two bridges, each with eight supports for three strings, and the two
holes covered with delicate bone inlays. There are forty-eight strings,
arranged in sixteen groups of three for each note, which run parallel to the
long side of the instrument: on the right are the 48 pegs (always arranged in
groups of three) to which the strings are anchored, while on the left are the
48 pegs which regulate the tension. The two sticks, made of very light bamboo,
are covered, at the tip, with wadding.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 91. Turkish Lyra (Klasik
Kemençe, Ottoman or Byzantine Violin) built in Istanbul in the second half of
the 20th century. This is an instrument that has preserved some of the
characteristics of medieval instruments: of the viella keeps the wide headstock
with perpendicular pyrols and of the ribeca keeps the pyriform case, which
extends into the neck, carved into a single piece, together with the neck, by
digging a single block of solid wood. Total length of mm. 424, width of 153 and
height of 35. The pegs, in the shape of a cricket bat, are made of rosewood and
139 mm. long. There are tortoiseshell plates on the head and on the bottom. The
body is entirely carved in a piece of solid mahogany and the board is made of
unpainted spruce. It is armed with three gut strings, the sides of mm. 260 and
the central one of mm. 295, tuned in A, D, A, wrapped to the pegs placed on the
heart-shaped head. The bridge rests on the board with the right foot and, with
the left, on the soul that comes out from the harmonic hole. The harmonic holes
are wide, D-shaped with the shoulder outwards. The playing technique is very
particular: the strings are very lifted by the fretboard so that the musician
interrupts their length with the nail tangent to the left of the string. The instrument
is held in a vertical position, between the legs or on the left thigh while the
strings are rubbed with a bow with horsehair stretched by means of the middle
finger (if necessary, the ring finger) inserted in the part of the bow covered
in leather near the neck. The nose of the arch is finished with an ornamental
tassel like a ponytail and is held with the palm facing upwards like medieval
bows.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 92. Doudouk (duduk) bass in
A, built in the first decade of the 21st century in Armenia by the luthier
Arsen Petrosyan. The doudouk is a traditional wind instrument of Armenian
origin, dating back over 3000 years. It was introduced to Western folk music
through the soundtrack of Peter Gabriel's Passion album for the film The Last
Temptation of Christ (1988), with the virtuoso duduk player Vatche Hovsepian.
The duduk also appears in film and television soundtracks, such as Alexander,
The Siege, The Hulk, Syriana, The Chronicles of Narnia: in the film Gladiator
is played by the famous Djivan Gasparyan. The instrument, made of seasoned
apricot wood, is in three pieces for a total length of 654 mm. and an external
diameter of 20 mm. It has a cylindrical chamber, has six holes in the front and
one in the back plus two intonation holes in the foot. It is played with a big
double reed, 110 mm. long and 32 mm. wide, protected, at rest, by a cover and a
ring nut always in the cane.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 93. Japanese Shō, datable to
the second half of the 20th century. The instrument is a poly-calamus clarinet,
consisting of a dark wood air tank, the mouthpiece with a bone terminal and the
canes held together by a bamboo tie: the sound is produced by plugging the
holes in the canes with the fingers and thus setting the corresponding reed in
vibration. There are seventeen canes; the longest canes are 401 mm while the
shortest are 150 mm. The total length is 475 mm while the width from the mouth
is 160 mm. The shō (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">笙</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) is a Japanese musical instrument with free reed
introduced from China during the Nara period (from 710 to 794 AD). It descends
from the Chinese sheng, from the Tang dynasty era, although the shō tends to be
smaller in size than contemporary shengs. It consists of 17 thin bamboo rcanes,
each of which has a reed at its base. Two of the canes are silent, although
research suggests that they were used in some music during the Heian period.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 94. Güiro (Spanish
pronunciation:ˈɡwiɾo) Caribbean dating from the end of the 20th century. The
length is mm. 420, the largest diameter is mm. 92 and the grooved part is mm.
195. The gourd contains numerous seeds which, when shaken on the instrument,
give a sound similar to that of maracas and is decorated with three birds and
three flowers in red, brown, black and white. The güiro is a Latin American
percussion instrument consisting of a hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in
one side. The traditional güiro is made from the higüero gourd, Crescentia
cujete, which is a tree native to Central and South America. The playing
technique is very simple: a stick is rubbed against the groove of the
instrument, producing short, dry sounds. The güiro is commonly used in Puerto
Rican, Cuban and other forms of Latin American music and plays a key role in
the rhythm section of important genres such as Rumba, Salsa, Punto guajiro, Cha
cha cha, Merengue, Bomba, Samba and, like the maracas, is often played by the
singer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">N. 95. Hulusi (traditional: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">葫蘆絲</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">;
simplified: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";">葫芦</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">丝</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">; pinyin: húlúsī) dating from the end
of the 20th century. The instrument is in F with the bourdon in D; the total
length of this instrument is mm. 396, the central bore is mm. 273 and the side
ones mm. 204. At the foot of the instrument is a complex knot of red cord, a
jade ring and a burgundy tassel. The hulusi is a free-reed aerophone
originating in China. It is held vertically and consists of three bamboo reeds,
fitted with silver or copper reeds, inserted into a gourd that serves as an air
chamber and at the top of which is a mouthpiece ring. The central reed has
seven holes at the front and one at the back, the other two act as bordons; the
left one has a rear hole that, when occluded, blocks the sound. Some
alternative configurations of the bore, within the range or tonality, using
keys, make the hulusi capable of approaching the sonority of a clarinet or
oboe.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 96. Oud 'arbi, from Morocco,
dating from the second half of the 20th century. The oud 'arbi is a North
African variant of the oud with a longer neck and only 4 strings: the Moroccan
method of tuning involves a system comprising a sequence of four strings: mâya
(air), dhîl (earth), zîdân (water) and mazmûn (fire). The instrument is very
small, the body is 225 mm wide, 282 mm long and 128 mm high while the length
without the anklet is 428 mm. The shell consists of eleven staves, the neck is
made of rosewood and has no fingerboard: the anklet is at a right angle and has
four pegs painted in black.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
</div>
</div>
maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-35769742182580723762017-01-10T15:00:00.049-08:002023-11-15T09:04:05.612-08:00STRUMENTI A CORDA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
1. Anonymous violin probably made
in Italy in 18th century and restored in 19th century. The instrument, in fact,
shows the typical “modernisement” marked by the rise of the fingerboard and a
restoration with the addition of two fir pieces on the side parts of the belly.
The violin shows a beautiful varnish, the belly is made of fir while the ribs
and the back, in two pieces and with a double purfling, are made of high
quality maple. Its dimensions are: total length 594mm (23.4”); length of
resonating chamber 359mm (14.15”); length of fingerboard 272mm (10.7”); width of upper bout 187mm (7.35”); width of
lower bout 201mm (7.9”); width of waist 109mm (4.3”); height of ribs 30mm
(1.2”), 33mm (1.3”); vibrating length 327mm (12.85”); length F-holes 72mm
(2.85”); minimum distance F-holes 42mm (1.65”); maximum distance F-holes 134mm
(5.25”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
2. Anonymous French violin,
second half of 18th century. Very refined selection of woods: the belly
(restored twice) is made of spruce with thick and regular veining, and a double
purfling on the border. The back, in a single piece, and the ribs (restored)
are made of maple with average fiddleback and double purfling. The pegbox, the
scroll and the neck are also made of maple with fiddleback. The fingerboard,
the tailpiece and the pegs are made of ebony; the strings and the tailgut are
made of gut. The varnish, high quality and well preserved, is original. Its
dimensions are: total length 596mm (23.45”); length of resonating chamber 362mm
(14.25”); length of fingerboard 273mm (10.75”);
width of upper bout 169mm (6.65”); width of lower bout 205mm (8.1”);
width of waist 111mm (4.4”); height of ribs 29mm (1.15”), 31mm (1.2”);
vibrating length 328mm (12.9”); length F-holes 72mm (2.85”); minimum distance
F-holes 39mm (1.55”); maximum distance F-holes 131mm (5.15”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
3. Italian violin, ending of 18th
century, made by the luthier Guseto. Nicola Guseto, Florentine luthier, worked
in Cremona from 1785 to 1830, adopting German models and using selected woods.
This instrument, very similar to the famous violin made by François Chanot
(1788 Mirecourt - 1825 Rochefort) and recalled also by Utili at the end of 19th
century, shows an unusual guitar shape, missing the beaks of the C-bouts, and
the F-holes are in the shape of flames. The belly is made of fir with wide
purfling, the back and the ribs are made of maple, the varnish is yellow, the
scroll is very small but elegant and the fingerboard is ebonised. Its
dimensions are: total length 598mm (23.55”); length of resonating chamber 364mm
(14.35”); length of fingerboard 275mm (10.8”);
width of upper bout 168mm (6.6”); width of lower bout 205mm (8.05”);
width of waist 106mm (4.15”); height of ribs 27mm (1.05”), 29mm (1.15”);
vibrating length 331mm (13.05”); length flame F-holes 86mm (3.4”); minimum
distance flame F-holes 53mm (2.1”); maximum distance flame F-holes 118mm
(4.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
4. Neapolitan violin, first
decade of 20th century, “Liuteria Fratelli Vinaccia fu Pasquale, fornitori
della Real Casa d'Italy” (“Luthier’s shop Vinaccia brothers late Pasquale,
supplier of the Royal House of Italy”), pegs, fingerboard and tailpiece made of
ebony, back in two pieces and ribs made of maple, belly made of fir, double
purfling on the belly and the back. Its dimensions are: total length 590mm
(23.2”); length of resonating chamber 355mm (13.95”); length of fingerboard
274mm (10.8”); width of upper bout 165mm
(6.5”); width of lower bout 206mm (8.1”); width of waist 108mm (4.25”); height
of ribs 28mm (1.1”), 30mm (1.2”); vibrating length 325mm (12.8”); length
F-holes 72mm (2.85”); minimum distance F-holes 40mm (1.55”); maximum distance
F-holes 133mm (5.25”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
5. Anonymous violin, made at the
end of 19th century. The belly is made of fir with double purfling, the back
(in two pieces) and the ribs are made in maple with subtle fiddelback, the
fingerboard is made of ebony while the pegs, the tailpiece, and the end button
are made of rosewood. Its dimensions are: total length 594mm (23.4”); length of
resonating chamber 361mm (14.2”); length of fingerboard 272mm (10.7”); width of upper bout 167mm (6.55”); width of
lower bout 206mm (8.1”); width of waist 108mm (4.25”); height of ribs 32mm
(1.25”), 33mm (1.3”); vibrating length 332mm (13.05”); length F-holes 71mm
(2.8”); minimum distance F-holes 41mm (1.6”); maximum distance F-holes 125mm
(4.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
6. German violin, typical
Tyrolean make, very high at the soundpost, probably made in mid 18th century.
Later, like a lot of the instruments of this time, it was subjected to the
change of the neck which might date back to mid 19th century. The varnish in
some points is highly worn out, but the sound is still good. The back and the
ribs are made of maple, the belly is made of fir, the fingerboard, the pegs,
and the tailpiece are made of ebony. Its dimensions are: total length 584mm
(23”); length of resonating chamber 354mm (13.95”); length of fingerboard 272mm
(10.7”); width of upper bout 160mm
(6.3”); width of lower bout 207mm (8.15”); width of waist 105mm (4.15”); height
of ribs 27mm (1.05”), 28mm (1.1”); vibrating length 328mm (12.9”); length
F-holes 74mm (2.9”); minimum distance F-holes 45mm (1.75”); maximum distance
F-holes 118mm (4.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
7. German violin, the title block
bears the caption: Aug. Clemens Glier / Musikinstrumenten Fabrik /
Markneukirchen i. S. This luthier operated between the end of the 19th century
and 1939 in Imosanstrasse, Martneukirchen. Very worn varnish, belly made of
high quality fir with wide purfling, pronounced beaks of the C-bouts, back in
two maple pieces, high ribs, pegbox with thin sides, tailpiece, pegs, and
fingerboard made of ebony. Its dimensions are: total length 593mm (23.35”);
length of resonating chamber 361mm (14.2”); length of fingerboard 273mm
(10.75”); width of upper bout 172mm
(6.75”); width of lower bout 211mm (8.3”); width of waist 106mm (4.15”); height
of ribs 33mm (1.29”), 34mm (1.33”); vibrating length 332mm (13.05”); length
F-holes 72mm (2.85”); minimum distance F-holes 40mm (1.55”); maximum distance
F-holes 128mm (5.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
8. Italian violin, middle of 19th
century in Stradivarius-like shape, the belly is made of fir with wide internal
purfling, back in two pieces and ribs made of maple; on the back there is a
picture of a fluvial city (Cremona?) and figures on a boat; short neck,
fingerboard made of ebony. Its dimensions are: total length 593mm (23.35”);
length of resonating chamber 360mm (14.15”); length of fingerboard 272mm
(10.7”); width of upper bout 168mm
(6.6”); width of lower bout 208mm (8.2”); width of waist 109mm (4.3”); height
of ribs 32mm (1.25”), 33mm (1.3”); vibrating length 328mm (12.9”); length
F-holes 77mm (3.05”); minimum distance F-holes 39mm (1.55”); maximum distance
F-holes 129mm (5.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
9. Viola, datable to the second
decade of 20th century; title block bearing the caption: Ernst Heinrich Roth /
Bubenreuth Erlangen / Josef Guarnerius. This luthier (1877-1948), son of Gustav
Robert who was luthier in Markneukirchen, in 1902 opened a workshop and started
to make string instruments with great mastery so that he became the best German
luthier of the early 20th century. The instrument, with dimensions of a
Guarneri, has the belly made of fir, wide purfling, the ribs and the back in two
pieces made of maple, the fingerboard, the nut, and the contour of the nose
made of ebony. Its dimensions are: total length 669mm (26.35”); length of
resonating chamber 407mm (16”); length of fingerboard 310mm (12.2”); width of upper bout 197mm (7.75”); width of
lower bout 238mm (9.35”); width of waist 127mm (5”); height of ribs 37mm
(1.45”), 38mm (1.5”); vibrating length 369mm (14.5”); length F-holes 92mm
(3.6”); minimum distance F-holes 50mm (1.95”); maximum distance F-holes 153mm
(6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">B. 10. Tenor
viola da braccio, Italian. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The title block bears the writing: IOSEPH NADOTTI
FECIT / PLACENTIÆ 1789. Giuseppe Nadotti, luthier from Piacenza, operating
until 1790, made excellent-make instruments inspired by Amati’s models. The
tenor viola da braccio, for range and tuning, places itself in an intermediate
position between cello and viola, and it was used as fourth voice in
five-voices scores (first violins, second violins, viola da braccio, tenor
viola da braccio, cello). This instrument, equipped with four gut strings, has
a tenor-like worm and strong sound. The belly is made of spruce with thick and
regular veining and two courses of double purfling. The ribs and the back (in
two pieces), with two courses of double purfling too, are made of maple with faint
fiddleback, the varnish is yellow. The neck and the scroll are made of maple
without fiddleback, the fingerboard is made of ebony, and the tailpiece is made
of ebonised wood, while the metal endpin is modern. Its dimensions are: total
length 945mm (37.2”); length of resonating chamber 504mm (19.85”); length of
fingerboard 458mm (18.05”); width of
upper bout 287mm (11.3”); width of lower bout 239mm (9.4”); width of waist
167mm (6.55”); height of ribs 46mm (1.8”), 48mm (1.9”); vibrating length 552mm
(21.75”); length F-holes 94mm (3.7”); minimum distance F-holes 61mm (2.4”);
maximum distance F-holes 184mm (7.25”). <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
11. Cello from German lutherie,
probably made in around 1870. The belly is made of fir and shows a crack on the
left side, perfectly restored. The back, in two pieces, and the ribs are made
of maple; the fingerboard and the tailpiece are made of ebony. Every part is
original but the varnish, renewed during the restoration. Its sound is
particularly strong and warm, especially the basses. It shows a title block
with the caption: ANTONIO STRADIVARIUS. Its dimensions are: total length 1231mm
(48.45”); length of resonating chamber 762mm (30”); length of fingerboard 602mm
(23.7”); width of upper bout 347mm (13.65”);
width of lower bout 444mm (17.5”); width of waist 244mm (9.6”); height of ribs
114mm (4.5”), 119mm (4.9”); vibrating length 692mm (27.25”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
12. Hungarian cello, 7/8
dimensions, made in 1912, the title block reports the writing: Braun Antal
Hangszerkészítő Temesvár Belváros (luthier Braun Antal operating in the centre
of Temesvár). Temesvár or Timișoara
nowadays is located in Transylvania (Romania), but till 1918 it was a Hungarian
region. The fingerboard is ebonised, the pegs and the tailpiece are made of
ebony, the back in two pieces and the ribs are made of maple, the belly is made
of solid fir. Its dimensions are: total length 1138mm (44.8”); length of
resonating chamber 672mm (26.45”); length of fingerboard 546mm (21.5”); width of upper bout 328mm (12.9”); width of
lower bout 423mm (16.65”); width of waist 218mm (8.6”); height of ribs 109mm
(4.3”), 114mm (4.5”); vibrating length 636mm (25.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
13. Hungarian double bass, 19th
century, manufacture from Szeged, luthier Butor Vallalat, ebonised fingerboard,
back and ribs with planking on the borders, belly made in solid fir; originally
with four strings, it was reduces with three strings in order to play folk
music, original strings made of gut.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
15. Mute violin, Italy, late 19th
century, ebonised fingerboard, back, belly, and ribs made of fir, vague shape
of a conical frustum, with two little gaps in the lateral boards and a T-shaped
sound box.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
16. Stroh violin, early 20th
century, anonymous, made from a violin missing the sound box, substituted by a
central body on which the bridge and the chinrest lie. The central body
transmits the sound to a resonator, arranged under the central body and
connected to a brass horn, parallel to the neck, which amplify the sounds. The
neck, the body, and the chinrest are made of maple, while the pegs, the
fingerboard, and the tailpiece are made of ebonised wood. It is one of the
violins used in the period of the first phonographic recording (the horn was
used to direct the sound towards the horn of the recording devise) and its name
is after Charles Stroh, the Londoner who invented it in 1901.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
17. Jap Stroh fiddle (phono-fidle),
early 20th century. This instrument, used for the first phonographic
recordings, is made of a fingerboard with a single string, with vibrating
length measuring 63mm (2.5”), at the lower end there are two wings used to hold
the instruments between the legs while, under the bridge, there is a membrane
and a resonator, connected to a brass horn, parallel to the neck, amplifying
the sounds. On the resonator there is the caption: TRADE MARK. PHONO-FIDLE / A.
S. HOMSON / REG. NO. 287991. On the horn there is the number 21, on the neck is
carved: DOUGLAS & Co / 7 SOTH ST. / LONDON E.C / REGD N0 423256. This
instrument was generally tuned on the D3 (that is a tone higher than the middle
C, corresponding to the third string on the violin). The aim was to create a
very efficient soprano on the melodic execution (and also very easy,
considering that it has a single string).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
18. Five string violin, sort of
little viola da gamba played like a violin. The title block has the caption:
Emanuel Hüller, / Musik – instrumentenerzeugung / GRASLITZ, Kirchplatz 790 /
(Böhmen.). This luthier, together with other three members of his family,
operated in Graslitz, now Kraslice, till early 20th century also making
woodwind instruments. Fir belly, the C-bouts don’t have the lower beak, so that
the instrument looks like a guitar in its lower bout, the F-holes show a square
hole in the centre near the bridge, back in two pieces, the ribs and the neck
are made of maple, fingerboard made of ebony. The pegbox is very unusual, with
five machineries in the place of the pegs; instead of the scroll, there is a
carved lion head. Its dimensions are: total length 587mm (23.1”); length of
resonating chamber 357mm (14.05”); length of fingerboard 288mm (11.35”); width of upper bout 184mm (7.25”); width of
lower bout 208mm (8.2”); width of waist 106mm (4.15”); height of ribs 31mm
(1.2”), 32mm (1.25”); vibrating length 334mm (13.15”); length F-holes 76mm
(3”); minimum distance F-holes 41mm (1.6”); maximum distance F-holes 125mm
(4.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
19. Cello having an inner title
block with the caption: Giov Battista Fabricatore fecit / Anno 1777 in S.M.
dell’Ajuto / Napoli. The belly is made of fir with double purfling and it
presents a crack on the left side, perfectly restored. The back, in a single
piece, and the ribs are made of maple, the fingerboard and the tailpiece are
made of ebony, the varnish is reddish-brown. The endpin is not original.
Dimensions: total length 1234mm (48.6”); length of resonating chamber 762mm
(30”); length of fingerboard 691mm (27.2”);
width of upper bout 351mm (13.8”); width of lower bout 441mm (17.35”);
width of waist 247mm (9.7”); height of ribs 130mm (5.1”), 131mm (5.15”);
vibrating length 608mm (23.95”); length F-holes 142mm (5.6”); minimum distance
F-holes 104mm (4.1”); maximum distance F-holes 252mm (9.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
20. French little cello having an
inner title block with the caption: medal / Jerome Thibouville Lamy 1905 /
Luthiers / 72 Rue Risaumur / Paris. The belly is made of fir with a double
purfling, the back, in two pieces, and the ribs are made of maple, the
fingerboard and the pegs are mare of walnut, the tailpiece is made of ebony.
The varnish is reddish-brown. On the back there is a very considerable old
restoration. The instrument is particular for its dimensions: total length
1023mm (40.25”); length of resonating chamber 627mm (24.7”); length of
fingerboard 506mm (19.9”); width of
upper bout 285mm (11.2”); width of lower bout 368mm (14.5”); width of waist
204mm (8.05”); height of ribs 114mm (4.5”), 116mm (4.55”); vibrating length
586mm (23.05”); length F-holes 112mm (4.4”); minimum distance F-holes 86mm
(3.4”); maximum distance F-holes 196mm (7.7”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
21. Italian anonymous violin, made
at the end of 19th century. The belly is made of fir with double purfling, the
beck (in two pieces) and the ribs are made of maple with fiddleback, the
fingerboard and the tailpiece are made of rosewood. The total length is 595mm
(23.4”), the resonating chamber is 361mm (14.2”), maximum width 203mm (8”),
minimum width 166mm (6.55”), fingerboard 269mm (10.6”), ribs 32mm (1.25”), 33mm
(1.3”), length F-holes 56mm (2.2”), minimum distance F-holes 50mm (1.95”),
maximum distance F-holes 124mm (4.9”), diapason 322mm (12.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
22. French viola d’amore made by
Eduard Laube in early 19th century inspired by violas d’amore made by Mathias
Griesser in 1727. This luthier, German by birth, moved to Mirecourt and became
one of the most esteemed luthier of his time. The instrument is equipped with
five playing strings, made of metal, and six sympathetic strings, in several
materials (two made of copper, two of steel, two of gold). Every string starts
from a peg in the long pegbox. The playing strings follow the normal path while
the resonance ones pass under the fingerboard, cross the bridge passing through
specific holes under the upper edge and end with six fine tuners fixed on the
lower end of the instrument. The belly is made of fir, the flat back and the
ribs are made of maple while the fingerboard is made of ebony. The sound box
has a shape with volutes and a convexity between the beaks of the C-bouts, the
sound holes are F-shaped and there is a little carved rosette at the lower edge
of the fingerboard. The instrument is 803mm (31.6”) long, 276mm (10.85”) wide,
the ribs are 46mm (1.8”) and 60mm (2.35”) high, diapason 369mm (14.5”). On the
back is branded the writing: E. LAUBE.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
24. Tuners with metal screw datable
between the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century. The first
contained in a metal case measuring 42mm (1.65”) emits the note A, the second
contained in a metal case measuring 37mm (1.45”) emits the note A, the third
contained in a metal case measuring 42mm (1.65”) emits the note A, the fourth
is made of four cylinders emitting the notes G, D, A, E, the fifth has on the
top a semicircular machinery on which is carved every note that, rotating,
stops the screw at various pitches, emitting the chromatic scale.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
25. Bows datable between 19th and
20th century. The first is a double bass bow of the 19th century, with German
handle, 660mm (26”) long, folk manufacture. The second is a double bass bow of
the 19th century, equipped with black horsehair, 635mm (25”) long, the stick is
made of brazilwood, the frog made of ebony and “eyes” of mother of pearl. The
third is a cello bow, stick made of pale wood, frog of ebony, “eyes” of mother
of pearl, ebony screw, leather pad, 715mm (28.15”) long. The fourth is a cello
bow, stick made of pale wood, frog of ebony, “eyes” of mother of pearl, nickel
screw, cotton pad, 698mm (27.5”) long. The fifth is a cello bow, stick made of
pale wood with octagonal section, frog of ebony with “eyes” of mother of pearl,
screw of nickel, leather pad, 727mm (28.6”) long. The sixth is a viola bow,
modest manufacture, stick made of pale wood varnished red, frog of ebony, brass
screw, leather pad, equipped with black horsehair, 681mm (26.8”) long. The
seventh is a violin bow, stick made of dark wood, frog of ebony with “eyes”
made of mother of pearl, nickel screw, leather pad, 721mm (28.4”) long. The
eighth is a violin bow, stick made of dark wood, frog of ebony with “eyes” made
of mother of pearl, screw of nickel and ebony, pad of leather and metal, 726mm
(28.6”) long. The ninth is a violin bow, stick made of dark wood with octagonal
section, frog of pale wood with “eyes” made of mother of pearl, screw of nickel
and ebony, pad of lather and copper, 733mm (28.85”) long. The tenth is a violin
bow, stick made of dark wood, frog of ebony with “eyes” made of mother of
pearl, screw of nickel and ebony, 717mm (28.2”) long. The eleventh is a violin
bow, stick made of dark wood with octagonal section, frog of ebony, screw of
nickel, without horsehair, 724mm (28.5”) long. The twelfth is a violin bow,
stick made of dark wood with octagonal section, frog of ebony with “eyes” made
of mother of pearl, screw of nickel and ebony, without horsehair, 731mm
(28.75”) long. The thirteenth is a violin bow, stick made of red wood with
octagonal section, frog of ebony with “eyes” made of mother of pearl, screw of
nickel and ebony, without horsehair, 722mm (28.4”) long. The fourteenth is a
violin bow, stick made of red wood, frog of ebony with “eyes” made of mother of
pearl, screw of nickel and ebony, metal pad, 586mm (23.05”) long. The fifteenth
is a violin bow, stick made of red wood, frog of ebony with “eyes” made of
mother of pearl, nickel screw, pad of lather and metal, 536mm (21.1”) long. The
sixteenth is an ukelin bow, stick made of pale wood painted red, frog of ebony
with “eyes” made of mother of pearl, nickel screw, metal pad, 448mm (17.65”)
long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
26. Mutes for violin made between
the end of 19th century and the first half of 20th century. The small collection
is made of eighteen mutes, nine made of ebony, five of metal, two of Bakelite,
one of pear wood and one of leather.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
28. Italian violin having an inner
title block with the caption: Joannes Franciscus Celoniatus / fecit Taurini
Anno 1734. Giovanni Francesco Celoniato (1702 - 1750) worked in Turin from 1730
to 1750, apprentice of Giofredo Cappa (1644-1717), stood out for the choice of
woods (maple, but also poplar and field maple) and for the care of the
production. The instrument shows the typical “modernisement” consisting of the
rise of the fingerboard with the addition of a wooden wedge and the approaching
of the bass bar. The belly is made of spruce with double purfling and closed
C-bouts, ribs and back (a single piece) are made of maple with fiddleback,
fingerboard, pegs and tailpiece of ebony. Its dimensions are: total length
594mm (23.4”); length of resonating chamber 354mm (13.95”); length of
fingerboard 275mm (10.8”); width of
upper bout 166mm (6.55”); width of lower bout 198mm (7.8”); width of waist
111mm (4.35”); height of ribs 31mm (1.2”), 32mm (1.25”); vibrating length 330mm
(13”); length F-holes 66mm (2.6”); minimum distance F-holes 50mm (1.95”);
maximum distance F-holes 117mm (4.6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
29. Pochette of viola d’amore, folk
make, datable to the end of 18th century, probably French. The instrument is
made of lime wood in a single block carved inside, therefore without ribs. The
total length is 538mm (21.2”), diapason 288mm (11.35”). The scroll is
unfinished, bill-like, nut made of bone, pegbox with eight pegs, four for the
playing strings and four for the sympathetic strings that pass under the
fingerboard. The little bridge (not original, like the tailpiece) lies between
two approximate F-holes, the playing strings are made of gut, and the
sympathetic strings are made of metal, the pegs are made of rosewood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
30. Violin with inner title block
having the writing: ANTONIUS BRAUN / FABRICANT DE INSTRUMENTE MUSICALE /
TEMESVARINI ANNO 1930. Anton Braun (1877-1927) started his luthier activity in
1896 in Temesvár / Temeswar (now Timișoara), Austro-Hungarian city. He learnt
the art from his father and his older brother (Johannes) in the workshop
founded by C. W. Richter in 1867 in Szeged. When he died in 1928 his son Anton
Michael Braun (1911-1978) took over the enterprise, later (starting from 1958),
he only made saxophones. The belly is made of fir with double purfling, the
back (in two pieces) and the ribs are made of maple with fiddleback, the
fingerboard and the tailpiece are made of rosewood. On the case there is a
label with the caption: A. BRAUN / FABRICANT DE INSTRUMENTE MUSICALE /
TIMIŞOARA (CETATE).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
33. Tenor arm viola, Italian,
anonymous, of rather popular bill, probably built in the first half of the
nineteenth century along the Alps and later renovated in the early twentieth
century. The morphological features of this instrument are typical of the Italian
arm viola: down slightly domed, ribs not very high, rounded shoulders, joined
to the handle at an acute angle, soundboard and bottom with protruding edges
and corners, longitudinal inner chain, holes in ff, narrow handle, relatively
thick ropes in number of 4, full and round sound, tailpiece knotted with a
catgut rope to the button in which there is the hole for the tip fixed at the
bottom of the instrument. The tenor viola was played resting on the right
shoulder but, being an awkward position, more often was held between the legs.
The belly is in spruce while the back and sides are in Maple, the keyboard is
ebonized wood and painted and the paint is rather dark and heavy. Its
dimensions are: total length 921 mm; chest length 559 mm; key length 415 mm; width
cash part sup. 248 mm; width of cash inf. 315 mm; width chest indentations 165
mm; ribss height 63 mm, 85 mm; vibrating length 525 mm; effe length 115 mm;
effe minimum distance 75 mm; effe maximum distance mm 185. The tuning is an
octave lower than the violin (G, D, A, E).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B.
34. Ebonized wood conductor's baton
with three silver inserts with floral decorations at the tip, center and head.
The punches of the head date the wand to 1923 in London while on the central
ring are the initials F. D. likely those of the director to whom it was
donated. The total length is mm. 461 with a diameter at the head of mm. 20 and
7 at the tip.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B. 35. Ebony conductor's baton with handle and
central garland in silver. On the garland, with floral friezes and scrolls, is
engraved: PRESENTED / TO / MR EASTEN LEE / BY THE / members of the / FIRESIDE
BAND while on the handle is the date: 17/6/99. The total length is mm. 383.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
1. Anonymous French guitar,
probably from Mirecourt school, operating in France from the second half of
18th century. The instrument, with a typical eighteenth-century appearance, has
a sounding board in a single piece made of fir with ebony purflings, five
around the sound hole and three on the contour. The back, in two pieces, and
the ribs are made of maple, the fingerboard, the head and the tuning pegs are
made of ebony, and the neck of walnut. The head, eight-shaped as typical, is
fixed to the neck with a V-shaped insertion. The sound board continue on the
neck and has six metal frets, while the fingerboard, on the same level than the
sound board, has eleven frets. The three buttons for the belt, the end of the
heel, the top of the bridge, and the pegs are made of ivory. The pegs have on
their heads a mother-of-pearl decoration. Measures: total length 940mm (37”);
neck length 427mm (16.8”); width of upper bout 209mm (8.2”); width of lower
bout 270mm (10.6”); width of waist 158mm (6.2”); height of ribs 66mm (2.6”),
78mm (3.05”); vibrating length 648mm (25.5”); diameter of sound hole 82mm (3.2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
2. Neapolitan guitar. The inner
title block has the caption: Gennaro Fabricatore / anno1820 Napoli / Strada S.
Giacomo N 42. The sound board is made of fir and shows a rich ebony floral
decoration on the lower bout, while the sound hole, the border, and the contour
of the fingerboard are beautified by a quadruple alternated purfling of ebony
and whalebone. Back and ribs of maple with fiddleback; the fingerboard, made of
ebony, continue embedded in the sound board for the last eight frets. The neck and
the head are veneered with ebony, there are 19 brass frets and an ivory strap
pin, the bridge and the pegs are not original. Dimensions: total length 941mm
(37.05”); length of body 457mm (18”); neck length 308mm (12.1”); width of upper
bout 225mm (8.85”); width of lower bout 298mm (11.75”); width of waist 167mm
(6.55”); height of ribs 85mm (3.35”), 104mm (4.1”); vibrating length 645mm
(25.4”); diameter of sound hole 80mm (3,15”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
3. Lombard anonym guitar, end of
18th century. The head, eight-shaped as typical, and the neck are ebonised; the
pegs are made of ebony. The head is fixed to the neck with a ┌┐-shaped
insertion; the fingerboard, ebonised, has 19 brass frets. The back, in a single
piece, and the ribs are made of maple, the sound board, in a single piece, is
made of spruce with a triple dark purfling also repeated around the sound hole
and the fingerboard. Measures: total length 908mm (35.75”); body length 434mm
(17.1”); neck length 305mm (12”); width of upper bout 238mm (9.35”); width of
lower bout 298mm (11.75”); width of waist 175mm (6.9”); height of ribs 64mm
(2.5”), 79mm (3.1”); vibrating length 608mm (23.95”); diameter of sound hole
76mm (3”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
4. Italian anonymous guitar,
Lombard-Venetian area, end of 18th century, sound board in a single piece made
of spruce with quadruple purfling on the border and around the sound hole
having a mother-of-pearl decoration around it. The back, in a single piece with
an old and considerable restoration, and the ribs are made of maple. The
eight-shaped head, fixed to the neck with a V-shaped insertion, the
fingerboard, with 18 metal frets, and the neck are made of ebonised rosewood;
the pegs are made of ebony. Measures: total length 882mm (34.7”); body length
430mm (16.9”); neck length 309mm (12.15”); width of upper bout 230mm (9.05”);
width of lower bout 299mm (11.75”); width of waist 169mm (6.65”); height of
ribs 69mm (2.7”), 78mm (3.05”); vibrating length 606mm (23.85”); diameter of
sound hole 78mm (3.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">C.
5. Nine-stringed guitar, Italian,
mid 19th century. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The inner title block
has the caption: Fabbrica / d’istrumenti da corda / Pasquale Rutigliano /
Corato. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Neck
and head made of walnut, screw pegs, nut of bone, 17 metal frets, back in two
pieces, ribs and sound board of fir, black leather decorations applied on the
lower bout, while around the neck and the sound hole the decorations are
painted with black ink. This instrument is a unique example of Apulian folk
lutherie. The strings are nine; the first three are made of courses of two
strings tuned at the octave, while the playing strings are single. The
machinery is particular: it is a machinery of a chitarra battente (with ten
strings), so that one peg was unused. Another peculiarity was the presence of a
counter-rib (walnut?) on the upper part of the rib. Dimensions: total length
932mm (36.7”); length of body 441mm (17.35”); neck length 306mm (12.05”); width
of upper bout 243mm (9.55”); width of lower bout 305mm (12”); width of waist
155mm (6.1”); height of ribs 79mm (3.1”), 90mm (3.55”); vibrating length 632mm
(24.9”); diameter of sound hole 84mm (3.3”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
6. Apulian guitar, last decade of
19th century, title block with the caption: “Fabbrica di strumenti musicali a
corda / Vito Garganese fu Vito / di Monopoli”. Back in a single piece and ribs
of field maple, prominently eight-shaped, sound board made of fir, neck of
field maple, ebonised fingerboard with 18 frets and mother-of-pearl decoration,
restored machinery. The woods show a very dark staining. Dimensions: total
length 968mm (38.1”); length of body 465mm (18.3”); neck length 317mm (12.5”);
width of upper bout 263mm (10.35”); width of lower bout 345mm (13.6”); width of
waist 205mm (8.05”); height of ribs 84mm (3.3”), 92mm (3.6”); vibrating length
642mm (25.25”); diameter of sound hole 84mm (3.3”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">C. 7. Apulian
guitar, made in 1927, the title block has the caption: FABBRICA DI STRUMENTI
MUSICALI A CORDA / Premiata all'Esposizione di Torino 1898 / VITO GARGANESE FU
VITO / MONOPOLI (Italia) / signature 1927. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Back in a single piece and
ribs made of maple with fiddleback, sound board of fir with triple purfling,
neck made of rosewood. Fingerboard made of rosewood with 18 frets and
decorations of mother of pearl, butterfly-shaped original machinery made of
bone. Dimensions: total length 918mm (36.15”); length of body 437mm (17.2”);
neck length 309mm (12.15”); width of upper bout 235mm (9.25”); width of lower
bout 299mm (11.75”); width of waist 155mm (6.1”); height of ribs 75mm (2.95”),
86mm (3.4”); vibrating length 625mm (24.6”); diameter of sound hole 85mm
(3.35”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
8. Italian guitar, mid 19th
century, neck and head are ebonised, screw pegs, 18 metal frets, back in two
pieces and ribs made of maple, sound board of spruce with decorations of mother
of pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
9. Sicilian guitar, about 1860,
luthier Giuseppe Puglisi, progenitor of the most famous family of luthiers from
Catania. Neck and head are ebonised, screw pegs, ivory nut, 17 metal frets,
bone pins, back and ribs of maple, sound board made of spruce with purfling and
mother of pearl. The inner title block, circular, has the caption: casa …..
Sicilia Giuseppe Puglisi with the symbol of an eagle in the centre. Dimensions:
total length 940mm (37”); length of body 443mm (17.45”); neck length 306mm
(12.05”); width of upper bout 244mm (9.6”); width of lower bout 307mm (12.1”);
width of waist 172mm (6.75”); height of ribs 69mm (2.7”), 69mm (2.7”);
vibrating length 604mm (23.75”); diameter of sound hole 70mm (2.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">C. 10. Sicilian
guitar, the inner title block shows the writing: G. PUGLISI-REALE & FIGLI /
STRUMENTI MUSICALI A CORDA / PRIMO STABILIMENTO ITALIANO / bee in a circle /
PER LA FBBRICAZIONE DI / STRUMENTI MUSICALI A CORDA / CATANIA. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The sound board is
made of fir and shows a rich decoration of ebony and avoriolina on the borders
and around the sound hole, the bridge is made of carved wood and there is a
rich decoration in the shape of a butterfly made of tortoiseshell, mother of
pearl, and avoriolina under the sound hole. On the sound board there is also
the brand in the shape of an oval. The back, in two pieces, and the ribs are
made of rosewood. The neck and the head are ebonised and the fingerboard has 18
brass frets.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
11. Flamenco guitar, Spanish, made
by the Ibáñez enterprise in the last quarter of 19th century. The inner title
block shows the caption: illegible part ANO / SALVADOR IBANEZ / BAJADA Sn. Francisco / 23 VALENCIA (ESP) / SERIE N°.
Typical folk Spanish instrument for flamenco with very high ribs, wide
fingerboard with 18 metal frets and very pronounced shape of an eight. Sound
board of fir, motifs made of black ink around the sound hole, back and ribs of
maple, head of walnut, nut of bone and machinery with pegs. Dimensions: total
length 930mm (36.1”); length of body 445mm (17.5”); neck length 328mm (12.9”);
width of upper bout 242mm (9.5”); width of lower bout 302mm (11.9”); width of
waist 200mm (7.85”); height of ribs 88mm (3.45”), 92mm (3.6”); vibrating length
635mm (25”); diameter of sound hole 79mm (3.1”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
12. Spanish six-stringed guitar
made during the second half of 19th century and imported in Italy. Sound board
of fir, back and ribs of maple, head of walnut and machinery with pegs. The
inner title block has the caption: Maccolini – Viscardo / via Cesare Correnti,
7 Milano / speciali - musica popolare / cetre, mandolini, chitarre violini /
corde armoniche / ocarine, accessori, ecc. For the good make of the instrument
and the dimensions, that are lightly reduced, it can be attributed to Torres or
Pages, the machineries are butterfly-shaped, type Aguado. The instrument has a
sound board made of fir and a rich floral decoration around the sound hole, the
back and the ribs are made of maple. The fingerboard, made of ebony, is the
only non-original part because it has been restored by luthier Pio Montanari
from Genova.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
13. Anonymous guitar, the body is
probably Spanish, made in the area of Valencia during the second decade of 20th
century (Andres Martin?) while the neck seems German. The instrument has the
back, in two pieces, and the ribs made of rosewood, the sound board of high
quality fir, having regular and thick veining, is decorated with a triple white
purfling, the bridge has been made later. The sound hole is surrounded with two
triple purflings made of dark wood. Between them there is a nice decoration
made of mother of pearl. The machinery has bone butterflies while the neck is
made of walnut and shows 17 frets that, on the sound board, are only present
for the acute strings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
14. German guitar, end of 19th
century, on the sound board there is the branded caption “SONORA”. Back in two
pieces and ribs of maple, sound board of
fir without the usual sound hole, but with two opening in a vague shape of
F-holes, neck and head (inserted in the neck at the level of the second fret)
of walnut, 18 metal frets. The unusual shape of the sound board underlines the
research of new sonorities, typical of an experimentalism later widely used in
the making of jazz guitars, that tried to mix violin and guitar shapes.
Dimensions: total length 918mm (36.15”); length of body 451mm (17.75); length
of neck 312mm (12.3”); width of upper bout 229mm (9”); width of lower bout
305mm (12”); width of waist 198mm (7.8”); height of the ribs 70mm (2.75”), 76mm
(3”); vibrating length 605mm (23.8”); height of F-hole 96mm (3.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
15. Guitar, Germany 1920, having on
the head a little plaque with the name of the maker: EDMUND PAULUS,
Markneukirchen. Back in two pieces and ribs of maple, sound board made of fir
with triple ebony purfling, circular sound hole with quadruple purfling. The
head, the neck, and the fingerboard, with 18 metal frets, are made of ebonised
wood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
16. German guitar, anonymous, with
on the head a brass plate with the name of the Swiss vendor: W. Fischer /
Musikhaus / CHUR. The instrument, made in the first half of 20th century, shows
a sound board made of fir; back, ribs, neck, and head of maple covered with a
yellow varnish; fingerboard of rosewood with 18 metal frets.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
17. Argentinian guitar Nuñez, made
in Buenos Aires in 1927 ca. The inner title block, in style of Art Nouveau, is
very ruined, we can distinguish the writing Antigua Fàbrica../..de
oro../..vue../ Para../ j music../ DE TODA CLAS../ 1431 CALLE.. / Buenos
Aires../Imp. P. Milano corrientes 1040. The Nuñez manufacturer, founded by
Francisco in 1858, is the most important Argentinian factory of guitars and
accessories. It has been awarded several times and has published some guitar
scores too. The shape of the body is on Spanish model, with back and ribs of
high quality maple and the sound board of fir with a nice marquetry around the
border of the sound hole. Around the sound hole there is a decoration made of
ebony and mother of pearl. The fingerboard is ebonised and has 18 metal frets.
The case is original while the bridge and the machinery are not.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
18. Ukulele, folk Spanish
four-stringed guitar, first half of 20th century. The total dimensions are
550mm (21.65”) while the body is 250mm (9.85”). The title block has the
caption: ANTIGUA FABRICA / de GUITARRAS / FUNDADA EN 1890 / DE / José Serratosa
/ ANCHA 50 BARCELONA / Especialidad en Guitarras / con mango desmontable. This
manufacturer, founded by José Serratosa Blanch, operated in Barcelona from 1890
to 1930. The back (in 2 pieces) and the ribs are made of rosewood, the sound
board of fir, neck and head of walnut, rosewood fingerboard with 18 frets. The
four pegs are violin pegs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
19. Lute-guitar with drones,
Nuremberg, Germany, luthier August Schultz, made on July 7th, 1909 for Mr. Carl
Wallendo, opera singer in Kiel, second head made of carved wood with a head of
a woman, neck of rosewood, bridge and fingerboard of ebony, undulating-hollowed
frets, 11 staves of maple, sound board of fir.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
20. German guitar-lute with drones,
beginning of 20th century. The box, lute-shaped, is made of 11 staves of maple
separated by ebony purfling. The sound board is made of fir with rosewood
purfling, and shows the writing Goldberg, the central rosette is made of six
pentagons, imbricate one another, and floral decorations. The fingerboard, of
ebony, presents 8 undulating-hollowed frets, while other 6 metal frets are on
the board. The machinery is made of bone and the second head, with three drone
strings, has a four-leaf-clover-shaped cymatium on the top.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
21. Mandora, guitar imitating lute,
deriving from gallicone. Germany, first decades of 20th century, title block
with the caption: MIGMA / Vogtländische Qualitätsarheit / Meister W. Gessinger.
Sound board made of fir with ivory and ebony purfling, fingerboard of rosewood
with 9 undulating-hollowed frets, and 5 frets on the board, bowlback with 11
staves of varnished maple, sickle-shaped head.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
22. Guitar-lute, German, anonymous,
first half of 20th century. This instrument has the neck of a guitar and the
body strongly pyriform as lutes have. The sound board is of fir with avorite
purfling, the sound hole shows a rich carved rosette in the shape of vine shoot
and leaves and the back is made of 11 staves of maple with pale varnish. The
pegbox is long and narrow and ends with a head of a woman. The fingerboard, of
rosewood, presents 17 metal frets.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
23. Fender electric guitar type
Stratocaster, serial number MN8309477, made during the last decade of 20th
century. The instrument is made of red-varnished maple with white pickguard.
Neck and head in a single piece of pale maple with all the machinery on the
left of the head and 21 metal frets. On the top of the body there are three
control knobs (volume and two tone knobs), the pick-up selector switch, three
pick-ups, and the output jack. Dimensions: total length 981mm (38.6”); body
length 401mm (15.8”); neck and head length 580mm (22.85”); width of upper bout
264mm (10.4”); width of lower bout 309mm (12.15”); width of waist 218mm (8.6”);
body height 44mm (1.75”); vibrating length 643mm (25.3”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
24. Guitar with two head
(kontragitarre), anonymous, made in Germany or in Austria during the first
decades of 20th century. The instrument shows a normal six-stringed head and an
additional head with six non-fingerable strings. The sound board, made of fir,
shows some well restored breaks, the bridge has been restored, and the
pickguard probably is not original. The back and the ribs are made of maple,
the head are made of black-painted wood, with 23 frets, and they are adjustable
by means of a screw on the sound board of the instrument, butterfly machinery.
Dimensions: total length 1000mm (39.35”); body length 457mm (18”); neck length
505mm (19.9”); second head length 535mm (21.05”); width of upper bout 264mm (10.4”);
width of lower bout 359mm (14.15”); width of waist 201mm (7.9”); height of ribs
73mm (2.85”), 93mm (3.65”); vibrating length 647mm (25.45”); diameter of sound
hole 89mm (3.5”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
25. Anonymous Italian guitar
probably made during the second quarter of 20th century. It is made from a
tortoiseshell that is the back, the ribs are made of tortoiseshell too, while
the circular sound board is made of fir with a circular sound hole measuring
71mm (2.8”), sound board and sound hole are surrounded by a decoration of ebony
and mother of pearl. The neck and the head are made of pale wood, while the
fingerboard is made of rosewood with 17 metal frets. The machinery shows bone
butterflies, while the bridge and the tailpiece are made of aluminium. The
instrument is 902mm (35.5”) long and 398mm (15.65”) wide.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
26. Ten-stringed Tiple requinto,
made in Bucaramanga (Colombia) during the first decade of 20th century. This
instrument, with metal strings, is tuned: E E – B B B – G G G – D D, deriving
from Portuguese viola da terra, it has become one of the most common instrument
in Colombia. The inner brand says: JOSE ANTONIO MADERO / FABRICANTE / DE
TYPLES, BADOLAS Y GUITARRAS / BUCARAMANGA. The instrument is 822mm (32.35”)
long, with maximum width 266mm (10.45”) and minimum width 169mm (6.65”),
diapason 535mm (21.05”). On the fir sound board there is the round sound hole
with diameter measuring 85mm (3.35”), with a decoration with mother of pearl
inserts and the owner’s initials T R B. The ribs, 81mm (3.2”) high, and the
back, in two pieces, the neck, and the head, empty inside, are made of
mahogany. There are ten pegs, one of them is not original, and an elegant
wooden case with, inside, an amaranth velvet and a mirror.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
27. Hungarian guitar, the title
block shows the caption: FRANZ HACKHOFER / LAUTEN U GEIGENMACHER / IN PEST ANNO
1831. This maker operated till 1836 in Pest that, joining with Buda in 1873,
gave birth to Budapest. The guitar shows a very pronounced eight shape with
dimensions: total length 922mm (36.3”); body length 438mm (17.25); length of
neck 308mm (12.1”); width of upper bout 254mm (10”); width of lower bout 312mm
(12.3”); width of waist 182mm (7.15”); height of ribs 74mm (2.9”), 82mm (3.2”);
vibrating length 635mm (25”); diameter of sound hole 86mm (3.4”). The
instrument has the sound board made of fir with a slight purfling around the
board and the circular sound hole. The back and the ribs are made of maple with
fiddleback; neck and fingerboard are made of ebonised wood. The fingerboard
presents 19 brass frets and arrives to the sound hole. The head, in the shape
of a comma, has six pegs and a hole for the strap.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
28. Spanish classic guitar, datable
to the first half of 20th century, with the writing Royal impressed on the
board. The instrument has the sound board of fir, back and ribs of maple,
fingerboard of rosewood and the neck had 18 metal frets. The total length 943mm
(37.1”), diapason 621mm (24.45”), sound hole 86mm (3.4”), ribs 85mm (3.35”),
width of upper bout 263mm (10.35”), width of lower bout 345mm (13.6”), width of
waist 233mm (9.15”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
29. Neapolitan lyre-guitar with the
stamp JORIO / NAPOLI, at the bottom of the board. Inside there is a dark red
title block and, with golden letters, there is the writing1834 / DUC. 24. / G.
C. that are the initials of the customer, also reported on the mother-of-pearl
emblem on the head. The total length from the head is 866mm (34.1”), width body
in the centre 350mm (13.75”), length fingerboard 452mm (17.8”), diapason 625mm
(24.6”), width between the arms 342mm (13.45”),
width ribs at the bottom 110mm (4.35”), at the centre 80mm (3.15”), at
the top of the arms 19mm (0.75”). This instrument had its splendour during the
neoclassical period, especially in France and in Italy till the first decades of
19th century. Back and ribs of maple, sound board of fir with floral
decorations of ebony, sound hole in the shape of a half moon and little oval
holes on the arms, quadruple purfling of ebony and fir on the borders and
around the holes, fingerboard made of rosewood with 21 frets, and the
connection between neck and body is between the 17th and the 18th fret, golden
bronzes in the shape of two snakes connect the top of the arms with the head.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">C.
30. Harmonic guitar with machinery,
ten-stringed: the first, two playing strings, are single, and the other four in
courses of two strings. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The inner title
block is rectangular with the caption: royal coat of arms / PASQUALE VINACCIA E
FIGLI / Fabbricanti di Strumenti Armonici / DI S. M. La REGINA d’ITALIA / Rua Catalana
N° 53 / NAPOLI Anno 1881. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The guitar, completed with the case made of wood with
a blue velvet lining, was made for Mr. Domenico Colucci from Martina Franca,
effectively there are a crown and his initials of metal on the head and the
sale contract headed to him. The machinery of the instrument is “covered”, with
head, neck, and fingerboard made of rosewood, it has 18 metal frets with 4
position markers made of mother of pearl (5th, 7th, 10th, 12th), the back, in
two pieces, and the ribs are made of maple with fiddleback and ebony purfling.
The sound board is made of fir decorated with a quintuple ebony purfling with
circular sound hole and decorations of mother of pearl, and ebony purfling, the
wide pickguard and the bridge are made of tortoiseshell, the butterflies of the
machinery and the pegs are made of ivory. The dimensions are: total length
931mm (36.65”); body length 445mm (17.5”); length of neck 298mm (11.75”); width
of upper bout 240mm (9.45); width of lower bout 302mm (11.9”); width of waist
176mm (6.9”); height of ribs 72mm (2.85”), 83mm (3.25”); vibrating length 603mm
(23.75”); diameter of sound hole 79mm (3.1”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
31. Anonymous chitarra battente
from South Italy, datable to mid 18th century. It shows 5 courses of strings
and one more string added between the third and the fourth that triples the
second course as in Apulian tradition. The sound board is made of fir, in two
pieces, joined at the level of the ivory bridge that is fixed, and continues on
the neck till the first fret. The sound hole shows signs of a paper rosette,
now lost, and is surrounded by a metal decoration (silver?) immersed in a black
plaster. The strings are hooked to the bottom of the ribs with five ivory pegs;
the strap pin and the nut are made of the same material. The neck, of ebonised
wood, shows eight metal frets while the head has eleven holes for the pegs, one
for the strap and a middle decoration, geometric, made of bone and ebony. The
body has a particular rounded shape, made of ribs of dark wood alternated with
thick planking of pale wood, eight for the sides and 21 for the back, at the
side of the bass notes there are two vent holes while at the sides of the high
notes there are three. The measures are: total length 874mm (34.4”), length of
neck 220mm (8.65”), diapason 453mm (17.85”), length of body 775mm (30.5”),
maximum width 273mm (10.75”), minimum width 185mm (7.3”), width of sound hole
87mm (3.4”), width of upper bout 215mm (8.45”), height of ribs 99mm (3.9”) and
112mm (4.4”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
32. Harp-guitar made in 1835.
Inside the title block says: EMILIUS N. SCHERR / Piano Forte and Organ Builder
& c. / PHILADELPHIA / No. 264 Market Street / all kinds of Musical
Instruments Repaired; while on the sound hole is written: PATENT / Harp Guitar.
Emilius Nicolai Scherr (Copenhagen 23/5/1794 – Philadelphia 14/8/1874), son of
the Danish piano maker Johan, started his profession in Denmark, than he moved
to Linz in 1819, and later, in 1822, to Philadelphia where, till 1836, he had
his factory of pianos, organs, and guitars in High Street, n. 264. He made
pianos until 1855 working together with Lars Jørgen Rudolf Olsen. The sound
board shows a floral decoration made of rosewood, a second sound hole on the
foot, and the bridge of ebony; on the back there is a rich golden decoration
and the head has on the top two heads of raptors. The dimensions are: length
1520mm (59.85”), breadth 330mm (13”), width 87mm (3.4”). Body and neck are made
of rosewood, the sound board of spruce, the butterflies of the machinery, the
nut, and the feet are made of ivory while the 19 frets and the machinery are
made of brass. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
33. Hawaiian guitar (Lap-Steel)
with drone, made in about 1920, by indication of Gian Battista Noceti (Genova
1874-Roma 1957), the inventor of the harp guitar. The Hawaiian guitar was born
in 1909 by an emigrated luthier who had Norwegian origins, Chris J. Knutsen. In
1914 Weissenborn, made guitars with a typical shape, still used, played
horizontally with a metal plank or tone bar, full and heavy; designed to rest
ergonomically and comfortably on the knees of the musician, from that the term
Lap-Steel. The inner title block has the caption: Chitarra Hawaiana / Sistema
Noceti. The large sound box continues on the neck, completely hollow, and stops
at the level of the nut, while on the fingerboard there are five holes instead
of the position markers of mother of pearl, and the frets are only drawn. The
nut and the bridge are two little metal tubes and the head continues outwards
to receive the drone. The total length is 978mm (38.5”) while the height of the
ribs is 99mm (3.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
34. Harmonic guitar with ten
strings: The firsts, two single playing strings, and the other four in courses
of two strings. The inner title block is rectangular with the caption:
suonatrice di lira / GAETANO VINACCIA / In Napoli - Rua Catalana Numero 46 /
1850. The instrument has the machinery with pegs (three of them are not
original) with head, neck, and fingerboard made of rosewood, it has 17 metal
frets, the back, in a single piece, and the ribs are made of maple with ebony
purfling. The sound board is made of fir decorated with a triple ebony
purfling, a circular sound hole, and a rich ebony decoration under the bridge
with, in the middle, the initials of the costumer D M. The dimensions are:
total length 923mm (36.35”); body length 440mm (17.3”); width of upper bout
240mm (9.45”); width of lower bout 303mm (11.9”); width of waist 161mm (6.35”);
height of the ribs 68mm (2.65”) – 87mm (3.4”); vibrating length 631mm (24.85”);
diameter of sound hole 82mm (3.2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
35. Anonymous guitar datable
between the end of 19th century and the early 20th century. The fingerboard,
made of ebonised wood, has 18 metal frets, the butterflies of the machinery are
made of bone, the sound board is made of fir with triple purfling, and the back
and the ribs are made of rosewood. The total length is 928mm (36.55”), diapason
621mm (24.45”), the sound hole is 76mm (3”), the ribs are 67mm (2.65”) - 75mm
(2.95”), width of upper bout 223mm (8.75”), width of lower bout 302mm (11.9”),
width of waist 179mm (7.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
36. Banjo-guitar with six strings,
branded EMPERADOR. This was one of the brands of the Cort line of Westheimer
Musical Instruments, Chicago, 56 W. 103d St., Illinois until 1960. This
instrument was born to satisfy the need of American country musicians, who used
to play guitar, but who wanted the typical sonorities of banjo without being
forced to learn a new instrument. This instrument has the neck of rosewood with
position markers of mother of pearl, back and ribs made of mahogany with pale
wood purfling, the tension hoop made of aluminium with chromed machinery and
brackets, and sound board of natural leather. The total length is 900mm
(35.45”); the diameter of resonator is 335mm (13.2”) while the diameter of the
leather is 280mm (11”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
37. Cigar box guitar, rudimentary
musical instrument, belonging to chordophones. The instrument was made with
makeshift means, like precisely cigar boxes, by African-American day labourers
in Southern State of USA. These peculiar objects spread starting from 19th
century, when cigars start to be commercialised in boxes rather than in
barrels. There were many variation of this instrument mostly depending on the
means that could be found for the make. They were made with or without frets,
and with one up to six strings. The most spread variation has three strings and
frets; the most rudimentary one has one string without frets. This last was
often made of a broomstick as neck. It is one of the instruments that gave
birth to delta blues and the most used techniques (most of all for fretless
variation) are slap and slide (or bottleneck). The instrument tuning usually
follows the last strings of the guitar, but more often the open tunings more
suitable for bottleneck technique. This instrument has been made by Liuteria
Elettrica in Turin out of a box of Cuban cigars branded H. UPMANN and a
broomstick, it has no frets, a single string, an old key as bridge, and a
violin peg for the tuning.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
38. Guitar popular
"tierce" built in Southern Italy (Naples? Sicily?), Anonymous, dating
from the early decades of the twentieth century. Fund, sides, handle and scoop
in ebonized rosewood, spruce top with oval hole. There are seventeen metal
frets, the nut and butterflies are in bone. The table is enriched by a
butterfly-shaped inlay and surrounded by a decoration painted with black
strokes. The bridge, coarse, has a mustache, dark wood with six handmade small
pioletti. The total length is mm. 787, the case is long mm. 382, maximum width
mm. 247, minimum mm. 176, the hole mm. 77 x 63, the ribs are high from mm. 72
to 90. Nut and butterflies of the bone mechanics. The triplet guitar was a very
widespread instrument in the first half of the nineteenth century, which we can
deduce from the conspicuous amount of repertoire existing for it. The fact that
most of it was composed by authors of the Austrian area, suggests a more
widespread use in this geographical area. In practice it is a smaller
instrument than the normal nineteenth-century guitar, and tuned a minor third
(hence the name) higher up. These two characteristics give it a powerful, clear
and sharp sound; a sound that allows it to stand out more in instrumental
ensembles. The totality of his repertoire consists of chamber music: the
formations are the most varied from the duo (with guitar or with the violin,
with fortepiano etc.) to the concert with the orchestra (remember what M.
Giuliani composed for this type of instrument: the third concert in Fa Magg.
Op.70 for guitar and orchestra).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
39. Portuguese guitar (fado guitar)
from Porto, anonymous, datable to the first decades of the twentieth century
but attributable to António Duarte (active in Porto from 1870 to 1919). António
Duarte had the first workshop in via Bainharia, founded in 1870 and then moved
to via Mouzinho da Silveira No. 165/167. He made 3 models with 470 mm, 440 mm
and 420 mm vibrating rope lengths and also used different body sizes (from 35
cm to 27 cm) and sides that could vary between 8.5 cm and 7 cm (maximum) and
5.5 cm and 4 cm (minimum). António Duarte is also known as a good builder of
violins, violas and mandolins, rightly considered the creator of the guitar
model of Porto, which was distinguished from that of Lisbon by its more archaic
form (near the profile of the Italian cithara) and the head usually decorated
with zoo and phytomorphic motifs. The instrument shows an internal label that
reads: Feliciano Freire Branco / Encarrega-se do fabrico de guitarras,
bandolins, requintas, and violas bem como de todos os concertos nos mesmos. /
Tambem se encarrega de polir qualquer movel. Guarantor-if or bom acabamento. /
(erased with pen) R. de S. Sebastião da Pedreira, 86, 1. ° E / (handwritten)
Vila Nova de aurem / 10, 7, 926. Freire Branco was a craftsman cabinetmaker,
with a workshop first in Lisbon and then to Aurem, who, in 1926, restored and
then sold the guitar by putting his own label on it. The Portuguese guitar
probably derives from flat-bottomed plectrum instruments such as the cetra in
Italy, the cister in England and the cistère in Germany. The eighteenth century
is a period of decadence and oblivion throughout Europe for the cetra, but in
Portugal it becomes the most used instrument by popular musicians, especially
in the suburbs of urban centers and the association with Fado ensures the
survival of this guitar making Portugal the the only European country in which
it has been actively preserved. The Portuguese guitar is a musical instrument
full of symbolism and is characterized by the Portuguese "way of
being", where destiny and desire are words that naturally associate with
the "trinado" and had its greatest interpreter in Amalia Rodriques
that, over the years 70, made Fado known all over the world. It has such an
unmistakable tone that, wherever it is, any Portuguese recognizes it at the
first sounds. There are three types of Portuguese guitar: Lisbon, Coimbra and
Porto. The one in Lisbon with the low rounded case and the one with the most
"brilliant" sound. The one in Coimbra is bigger, with the body taking
on a more voluminous shape while the one in Porto is the smallest. One of the
main differences lies in the head of the guitar: that of Coimbra has an inlaid
tear, while that of Lisbon presents a scroll. That of Porto enjoys greater
freedom, sometimes having a flower or a horse or a carved dragon; the three
styles share the six orders of metal strings. The tuning is particular, the
strings, divided into six double choirs, are tuned according to the scheme: B,
A, E, B, A, D, with the three singing choirs in unison and the others in the
octave. Vibrating length mm. 420, seventeen metal frets on the ebonized handle
and, above the radial ankle, there is carved a horse's head. Spruce board with
triple double thread at the edge and circular hole with numerous threads in
ebony, bottom and ribs in maple.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
40. Semi-acoustic guitar EKO with
missing shoulder, model 280/SR/2 JUMBO, built in 1962 in Recanati (MC). This
instrument has a very rounded belly (archtop), obtained by sculpting a piece of
very thick spruce. This guitar, with its powerful and amplifiable sound, is
particularly used in jazz music. It is equipped with two pick-ups, two volume
and tone knobs located in the lower right quadrant of the belly and four
automatic keys (M, 1, 2, 0) for selecting the timbre placed on the upper left
quadrant. On the neck there are twenty-one metal frets, the maple has two
"effe" holes and a plastic pickguard, while on the distal rib there
is the input of the jack. The EKO was founded in Recanati in 1959 on the
initiative of Oliviero Pigini, with the production, import and marketing of
guitars. The activity increases year by year: in the '60s, the most important
Italian groups use EKO guitars (among others: Nomadi, Rokes, New Dada ...) and
the brand spreads all over the world. A new company is also born, with VOX and
THOMAS, respectively producers of amplifiers and electric organs. The factory
moved production to the municipality of Montelupone in 1965. The untimely death
of its founder in 1967 closes the first phase of EKO's life. Among the
musicians who used the company's instruments were Beatles, Rokes, Kings,
Nomads, New Dada and Edoardo Bennato. EKO guitars have however remained in the
annals of the most famous magazines as a fashion that marked an era, giving
importance to the "made in Italy". The dimensions are: total length
mm. 1045, length of the case mm. 513, width sup. 299, center 242 inf. 412,
height of the bands mm. 83.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">C.
42. Arpatub, tubular-bodied guitar
made in France in the fourth decade of the 20th century. The instrument is
reminiscent of the valiha, the tubular harp of Madagascar, which was known in
Europe at that time. The instrument consists of a 690 mm cylinder with a
diameter of 95 mm ending in a head on which twelve metal tuning machines are
housed. The overall length is mm. 906, the diapason is mm. 465 for kg. 3 of
weight. On the upper part is applied the fingerboard, made of light wood, which
mounts seven metal keys; the nut, the bridge and the base are made of metal.
There are six double choirs, the two high ones in unison and the others in octave,
for a total of twelve strings. On the back of the body is the inscription
ARPATUB.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">D.
16. Mandoloncello (German?), first
decade of 20th century, bowlback made of 21 rosewood staves with alternated
shades. Sound board of fir, rich of wood rays, with large pickguard made of
tortoiseshell, the strap pin and the nut are made of ivory; the butterflies of
the machinery have been made later.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">D.
37. Greek tetráchordo bouzouki,
anonymous, made in the fourth decade of the 20th century. The body, internally
lined with blue paper, consists of nineteen rosewood staves plus two counter
staves and a spruce soundboard surrounded by a double purfling. The soundhole
is vaguely rectangular; the rim of the soundhole and the pickguard are made of
walnut with a flower-shaped bone inlay. The neck and fingerboard are made of
rosewood, the edges of the fingerboard are spruce, and the headstock is fitted
with eight metal tuners and plastic butterflies. On the neck there are
twenty-six metal frets and eight mother-of-pearl registers. There are four
double metal choirs (D, A, F, C), the two high ones in unison and the two low
ones in octave. The length of the instrument is mm. 965, the maximum width of
the shell is mm. 286 while the length of the keyboard is mm. 529.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M.
75. Miniatures of instruments made
of tortoiseshell, dating back to the first half of 20th century. A mandolin
covered with tortoiseshell with four pegs and silver decorations on the whole
body. A guitar with rounded back and decorations made of bone and mother of
pearl.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M.
87. Miniature of violin, datable to
the mid-20th century, probably Italian. The small violin of mm. 224 in length,
housed in a case covered in black vinyl leather with two snap-on locks and a
handle, it is made of wood and perfectly imitates the true violin in its
proportions. There are four metal ropes of the same section and four small
wooden pegs, in light wood are also the keyboard, the tailpiece and a small
chin guard while the bottom is of maple.</span></span></p>
maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-53591337125533798402017-01-10T15:00:00.047-08:002023-04-17T10:35:45.452-07:00EVENTI E MOSTRE<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Il 18 giugno 2017 la Casa Museo Spada Antichi
Strumenti Musicali parteciperà alla giornata nazionale dei Piccoli Musei e sarà
aperta gratuitamente dalle 10,00 del mattino alle 20,00 accogliendo ogni
visitatore con un omaggio: uno strumento musicale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Famiglie al museo, 9 ottobre 2016 Lecce,
giornata dedicata alla visita e ai laboratori musicale e museologici per
famiglie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Museo all'aperto, Le trombe tra musica e storia,
29 giugno 2016 Grottaglie, concerto-lezione di trombe di S. Pietro e altri
corni rituali tra i vicolo di Grottaglie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->La notte dei musei, 21 maggio 2016 Lecce, visite
guidate alla collezione e esibizione di musicisti salentini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Ponte al Museo, 24 aprile – 1 maggio 2016 Lecce,
visite guidate alla collezione.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Inaugurazione della Casa-museo Spada, antichi
strumenti musicali, 22 agosto 2016 Lecce, con l’esibizione degli MCCS.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidbOYEbCKEDBqPKC4iET_8WiZOI8u8u1loNI_ejAhCsaHdRSBjiGhAkRC972VZLaa-m8sJOOo9hiUzSwpQwZFb9GtDFS74JkLyhB_2nn6ISTitL7W7MSRt3gijE-vOTvdkacU7CEq2noI/s1600/sbarra+lecce.jpg" style="clear: left; display: inline; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-indent: -19.5pt;"><span style="color: white;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidbOYEbCKEDBqPKC4iET_8WiZOI8u8u1loNI_ejAhCsaHdRSBjiGhAkRC972VZLaa-m8sJOOo9hiUzSwpQwZFb9GtDFS74JkLyhB_2nn6ISTitL7W7MSRt3gijE-vOTvdkacU7CEq2noI/s640/sbarra+lecce.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Italia da stimare, RAI 1, 12 luglio 2015,
presentazione della nuova sede della Collezione Spada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Giocando si impara a suonare, Sava 29 Dicembre
2013, i giocattoli musicali della Collezione Spada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Mostra del giocattolo musicale, Taranto,
settimana dei diritti dell’infanzia 18 – 24 Novembre 2013.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Museo Migrante 2013, 14 Aprile Taranto, 21
Aprile Sava (TA), 7 Maggio Giovinazzo (BA), 11 Maggio Francavilla Fontana (BR),
19 Maggio Napoli, 25 Maggio Bari, 2 Giugno S. Giorgio (TA), 14 Giugno
Rutigliano (BA), 22 Giugno Lecce, 7 Luglio Cutrofiano (LE).</span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: white;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQhtkMX1F7yxRE93AcCL5IY7bktpa3JUnGYzpI23OTtIddK4dY0lfGNJRyBCXE3hRe1QrPp1XQy2-x9efLxIjouysiZ0oi8iaEOQu3JEUun3z79ah3wu2jgIz8SIhRpH6mcJWkyIOh5AI/s1600/sbarra+fdm.jpg" style="clear: left; display: inline; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-indent: -19.5pt;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQhtkMX1F7yxRE93AcCL5IY7bktpa3JUnGYzpI23OTtIddK4dY0lfGNJRyBCXE3hRe1QrPp1XQy2-x9efLxIjouysiZ0oi8iaEOQu3JEUun3z79ah3wu2jgIz8SIhRpH6mcJWkyIOh5AI/s640/sbarra+fdm.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div>
<div style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Flauti: tra musica popolare e musica colta,
Festival della musica popolare, Festival della zampogna, tenutosi a Maranola
(LT) il 19 - 20 Gennaio 2013.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Giornate Europee del Patrimonio 2011,
Montemesola (TA) 24 - 25 Settembre 2011, visite guidate alla Collezione Spada e
concerti dei MCCS.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Musicultura 4° edizione, Matino (LE)14 Maggio
2011, mostra: La chitarra di Mazzini, La chitarra italiana dell’Ottocento dalla
Collezione Spada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Musicultura 3° edizione, Matino (LE)16 Maggio
2010, mostra: Gli strumenti a fiato dal ‘700 ai primi ‘900 dalla Collezione
Spada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Gli strumenti da banda, Montescaglioso (MT) il
28 Dicembre 2008, strumenti da banda dalla Collezione Spada. In occasione del
convegno: HARMONIEMUSIK, LA BANDA ieri, oggi e domani<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Musica fuori dai teatri, Grottaglie (TA) 9 Marzo
– 25 Maggio 2008, strumenti popolari e da strada dalla Collezione Spada.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: white;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtPp-8TOo9xMdJXXxuMTGyzqGt66FgzQ8XJ3sG5iNfo6B2vzDZCSIsm2SY0i9E6LU9Od0_oz_M3DeGoWq_xwSHJ5KZsD37WPeK_pskgxsIWjmncrOdr2m6RgjHoRSbCgppX7KEdCGJ1ig/s1600/sbarra+grottaglie.jpg" style="clear: left; display: inline; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-indent: -19.5pt;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtPp-8TOo9xMdJXXxuMTGyzqGt66FgzQ8XJ3sG5iNfo6B2vzDZCSIsm2SY0i9E6LU9Od0_oz_M3DeGoWq_xwSHJ5KZsD37WPeK_pskgxsIWjmncrOdr2m6RgjHoRSbCgppX7KEdCGJ1ig/s640/sbarra+grottaglie.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div>
<div style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Gli strumenti della maraviglia, Brindisi 28
Agosto – 30 Agosto 2007, in occasione del Barocco Festival.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9lD7ey-FfThzcnczbB3m47Cui_T0-HJNrZxfQLgQn3AIhk7xcDC7CPL1eJx9N7_R0XEIzo63Reu-2DfGTo6E81QHStpcMC4kMvvxyfKH-zjGKPLFTuxiGLYMgfTK0YbY4pFlmKdXKYBM/s1600/sbarra+brindisi.jpg" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; font-family: "times new roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-indent: -19.5pt;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9lD7ey-FfThzcnczbB3m47Cui_T0-HJNrZxfQLgQn3AIhk7xcDC7CPL1eJx9N7_R0XEIzo63Reu-2DfGTo6E81QHStpcMC4kMvvxyfKH-zjGKPLFTuxiGLYMgfTK0YbY4pFlmKdXKYBM/s640/sbarra+brindisi.jpg" width="640" /></a><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="color: white;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 55.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 55.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Ant</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: white;"><br /><br />hitarre dalla Puglia e dal mondo, a
Mottola 15 e 16 Luglio 2006 in occasione del Festival internazionale della
chitarra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Mauro Giuliani (1781 – 1829) curiosità di
famiglia, Pinacoteca Provinciale di Bari 17 Settembre – 19 Novembre 2005.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Ancia, doppia ancia e flauti popolari tenutosi a
Maranola il 23 Gennaio 2005, durante il Festival di musica e cultura popolare
La Zampogna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Chitarre e mandolini, Mottola (TA)10 Luglio – 19
Luglio 2004 in occasione del Festival internazionale della chitarra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Musica Ritrovata 6 Bari 13 Novembre 5 Dicembre
2004, giovani artisti e musica antica nel cuore di Bari.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Antichi strumenti musicali in Puglia, S. Cesarea
Terme (LE), 13 Luglio - 21 Luglio 2002.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Strumenti a fiato in legno dalle collezioni
private italiane, Bologna 19 Maggio – 1 Luglio 2001.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Il tempo di Niccolò Piccinni, Bari, Castello
Svevo, 30 Settembre – 6 Dicembre 2000.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Gli strumenti musicali, Martina Franca Luglio
1999, durante il Festival della Valle d’Itria.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-39857624958967475232017-01-10T15:00:00.044-08:002023-11-15T09:05:25.021-08:00MUSICA DELL'INFANZIA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">B. 23.</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -35.45pt;">B. 23. Italian ¾ violin, having the tag: A.
MONZINO & FIGLI / Milano – via Rastrelli, 10 / PREMIATA LIUTERIA ARTISTICA.
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -35.45pt;">In addition to the tag, there is an ink writing: ANTONIUS STRADIVARIUS
CRAEMONENSIS / FACIEBAT ANNO 17 and the symbol with two concentric circles, the
cross and the letters A S. The instrument has a belly made of fir, back and
ribs made of maple with fiddleback and, under the ebonised fingerboard, a
planking measuring about one millimetre. Total length 571mm (22.5”), width of
upper bout 155mm (6.1), width of lower bout 191mm (7.5).</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B. 27. Three-stringed sonometer
dating back to the first decade of 20th century. The sonometer is an instrument
that determines the pitch of a sound, that is the number of its vibrations. It
uses the property that the number of vibrations of a tensed string, if the
tension doesn’t vary, has inverse ratio than its length. The sonometer consists
of a wooden rectangular box that has, at its ends, two fixed bridges on which
the strings lie. These are fastened to one end with some screw machineries and
to the other end with some springs. If we want to limit the vibrating part of
the string, we can press it on a third bridge that slides at our choosing along
the instrument. We can read the length of the vibrating part on a scale drawn
along the string. This instrument is 63mm (2.5”) wide, 850mm (33.45”) long,
diapason 61mm (2.4”). On the sound board there are four circular holes and the
scale with the caption: L. E. Knott Apparatus Co. / Boston, Mass. while on the
back there is a ruined title block where you can read: SONOMETER NO. 53 – 11 /
L. E. Knott Apparatus Co. / CAMBRIDGE, Mass.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B. 31. Ochydactyl, instrument
used by musician and typists to improve the agility and the stretching apart of
the fingers, datable to early 20th century. It is made of five slots for the
fingers continuing on long levers connected to some springs that could be
arranged on several positions, letting to set the “strength”. The whole
structure is made of metal and is 110mm (4.35”) long, 165mm (6.5”) broad, and
110mm (4.35”) wide, while the levers are 265mm (10.45”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">B. 32. Anonymous bowed psaltery
probably made during the first half of 20th century. It is a variation of the
psaltery; in this variation the sound is realised by rubbing the metal strings
with a small bow. The possibility to easily play the strings of the diatonic
sounds as well as the strings of the accidental sounds causes the instrument to
have to be in a triangular shape. It is an isosceles triangle with
harmonic-steel strings arranged perpendicularly on the shorter side, rubbed by
a bow. On the right side there are the natural notes and on the left side the
accidental notes. The peculiarity of this instrument is due to its sound, rich
of harmonics and resonances. The dimensions of the long sides are 585mm
(23.05”) while the base is 195mm (7.65”). It has a short bow and 26 strings
with a range from F4 to G5.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 7. Flageolets made of
celluloid by Charles Ullmann between 1890 and 1895. The first, with
quadrangular section (but cylindrical base), is 223mm (8.75”) long with 6 holes
and decorations made of false tortoiseshell, is branded: Atlas / five-pointed
star U five-pointed star / Paris / deposee and on the back: n* 2299 / SOL / G.
The second, cylindrical, with six front holes, is 251mm (9.9”) long, branded:
Atlas / five-pointed star U five-pointed star / Paris / deposee and on the
back: n* 2290 / FA / F.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 33. Flautino, probably
Campanian, datable to the first half of 19th century. The instrument, with a
very high pitch, presents four front holes and a back hole, a wooden fipple and
the length of 108mm (4.25”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 41. Recorder with close barrel,
datable between the end of 18th century and the beginning of 19th century,
anonymous, made of ivory with five holes (two front holes, one back hole, and
two side holes), scale: G, A, B, D, E, G. The instrument is 75mm (2.95”) long,
47mm (1.85”) wide, and shows a little pin at the foot.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 43. French flageolet
d’oiseau, anonymous, datable to the second half of 18th century, made of ivory
in the shape of a branch with beak, foot, and knots coloured brown. It is an
instrument with four front holes and two back holes for the thumbs. The
invention of this instrument is attributed to Charles Burney, in Juvigny Sieur
de Paris, who played it for Ballet Comique de la Reine. The instrument has been
described and illustrated by Marin Mersenne (1588 - 1648) in his Harmonie
Universelle in 1636 (fifth book "woodwinds A"). The first found
flageolet method is Thomas Saluto’s “The Pleasant Companion: or New Lessons and
Instructions for the Flagelet”. It was used also for 17th century art music,
for example in an instrumental overture for two flageolets in Abelle orathory
by Pietro Torri, in Brussels in 1695. The flageolet d’oiseau was later used in
18th century by Vivaldi, Handel, and Gluck.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 45. Anonymous flautino,
stained wood, six front holes and with a small slit at the side of the lip of
the box. The profile wave (Wellenprofil) specifically recalls the tools of the
school of Nuremberg late 600 / early 700. The instrument is high mm. 118.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 50. Italian Cucù,
anonymous, probably Tuscan, built in the mid-nineteenth century. The instrument
is ivory, with two side holes that allows you to vary the note from B to C and
A# and a labium with a wooden wedge. The cuckoo measures mm. 75 and has a
vaguely truncated cone shape.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 51. French flageolet
(flageolet d'oiseau), anonymous, dating from the first half of the eighteenth
century, ivory body and head and foot in black horn. It is a tool with only
three holes at the front and two holes at the back for thumbs, the total length
of mm. 112 and A is the lower note. Its name derives from the particularly
sweet and acute sounds it emits, similar to a bird's song: it is the smallest
size of the flageolets. The instrument is contained in a cardboard case painted
red.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 52. Soprano recorders
(five) dating from the 80s of the twentieth century. The first is marked
Bontempi, is made of black shockproof plastic with 3 white rings. It is in
three pieces for a length of mm. 327, has the baroque fingering with the two
lower double holes and an extension of 28 notes (DO-RE). Bontempi was an
Italian musical instruments company, founded in 1937 in Potenza Picena (MC) and
with another factory in Martinsicuro, closed down in 2014. The second is
anonymous, in ivory color plastic, in two pieces, German fingering with the two
lower double holes. The third is made of brown varnished wood from the Venus
series marketed by Meinel and Herold. It is in two pieces, German fingering
with the two lower double holes. Meinel & Herold was founded in Klingenthal
(Germany) in 1893. Later, in addition to the production of accordions, the
factory switched to the production and trade of musical instruments of all
kinds and soon became one of the largest commercial companies in and around
Klingenthal. The fourth is an instrument made in Italy, two pieces in ivory
coloured plastic, from the HIMALAYA series by EKO, German fingering with two
double lower holes and rear knurling for the thumb. The fifth is made in ivory
color plastic, in two pieces, German fingering with the two lower double holes.
It is branded KOKKO at the front and at the back 12 / made in Japan / PAT. P.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 24. Cordophon, a device
invented, patented and built by Max Schlittenbauer (1801/1892) destined, in the
spirit of the inventor, to intone stringed instruments without the help of the
ear! It is based on the sympathetic resonance phenomenon. It is a
parallelepiped, mm long. 464 with short sides of mm. 16 x 26 with a steel rope fixed
on a nut at each end of the ruler and a keyboard about half the length of the
rope. It mounts 12 divisions that allow you to hear, in addition to the sound
of the vibrating string as a whole, the twelve degrees of the chromatic scale.
A metal cursor slides over the cord and interrupts the desired length by
pressing one of the metal keys on the keyboard. A small metal disk, pierced in
the center, is inserted on the rope. The chordophone is placed on the
soundboard of an instrument and, by vibrating a string, the metal washer moves
as soon as we approach the desired note reaching its maximum movement when the
pitch is optimal, to gradually return to the state of rest when unison is
exceeded. To tune without ear, as the inventor promises, the most difficult
point of the operation is to note the moment when the disc has reached its
maximum movement. On the instrument there is the wording. CORDOPHON Patent
Schlittenbauer and, from one side of the keyboard the numbers from 0 to 12 and
in correspondence, on the other side, the words f, fis, g, gis, a, b, h, c,
cis, d, dis, e , f.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 91. Saxie, produced in
Paris by the Couesnon in 1924. It measures about mm. 629 of length excluding
the mouthpiece of sopranino sax. The inventor and custodian of the patent was
Frederick B. Hammam of Baltimore who filed the patent on June 3, 1924. Couesnon
bought the rights for Europe and produced it under the name of Saxie, marketing
it at the end of that year. The instrument needs a special fingering in order
to be played with acceptable intonation. It has six open holes and only two
keys: one, lateral, for the fa #, and one tone hole. On the bell there is
engraved: COUESNON & CIE / PARIS / CHATEAU - THIERRY / FRANCE / = SAXIE = /
U-S-PATENT JUNE 3Rd 1924 / - BTE S.G.D.G. -. This instrument, in C and a
descendant to B, is in non-lacquered brass and has two large vent holes at the
end of the body. Auguste Guichard began producing musical instruments with 210
workers while his brother-in-law Pierre Gautrot produced instruments but at home.
Yet it is the latter who will buy Guichard in 1845 and will transform the
company in an increasingly industrial way. In 1855 he moved his factory to
Château - Thierry on the banks of the Marne. In 1865, Jean Baptiste Couesnon
went to work at Gautrot. His brother, Félix Couesnon, his sales agent, proposes
and obtains from Gautrot the privilege of managing his interests. In 1881 the
Paris office was created and the Triebert and Tulou factories were purchased on
the advice of Félix Couesnon. Felix's son, Amédée Couesnon, marries Gautrot's
daughter. In 1882, after the death of Pierre Gautrot, Amédée took over the
company (which his wife inherited) and named the company Couesnon et Cie
choosing the Euterpe muse as a symbol of society.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 14. Little celesta (celestino,
glockenspiel) from Germany, made at the beginning of 20th century. The celesta
is an idiophone instrument, that is producing the sound from the material it is
composed, without tighten parts: in this case, it’s a percussion instrument, in
appearance similar to a little piano. The sound, with a peculiar timbre similar
to a music box, is produced by some metal cups suspended and struck by a system
of little hammers controlled with a keyboard similar to the keyboard of a
piano. The sonority it can produce is soft, muffled in lower notes, bright in
middle notes, and brilliant in higher notes. Made and patented in 1886 by the
French Auguste Mustel, the celesta was played for the first time in the musical
world for the ballet The Nutcracker, by Pëtr Il'ič Čajkovskij, in “Dance of the
Sugar Plum Fairy”. This instrument is 300mm (11.8”) high, 460mm (18.1”) broad,
and 271mm (10.65”) wide at the level of the keyboard; it presents 25 keys (from
A4 to E6) even if the outer keys does not produce any sound.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 13. Mouth accordion, reed
wind instrument made in Germany at the beginning of 20th century. It has a
trumpet embouchure and a parallelepipedic body (224 x 99 x 57 mm – 8.8” x 3.9”
x 2.25”) made of wood covered with celluloid on which there are ten melody buttons
on the right and two bass keys on the left. The buttons open same holes on the
wind chest that allow the reeds to vibrate.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 14. Hohner-sax, sax-like
instrument working like a harmonica. The air is conducted into the body of the
instrument that presents twelve keys (10 + 2) corresponding to twelve notes
emitted by metal reeds. This instrument has been made in Germany by Hohner
during the first half of 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 15. Trumpet-harmonica with
eight buttons, in two brass pieces and the mouthpiece, probably French and
datable to the second half of 19th century. The instrument, in shape of a
trumpet, presents eight buttons connected to as many metal reeds that, playing
like an accordion, produce a scale from C5 to C6. The instrument is 424mm (16.7”)
long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 16. Trombone-harmonica,
French, made during the first decades of 20th century, on the bell there is the
label of the vendor: MUSIQUE / P. VANDERVILLE / DOUAI. The instrument with
closed slide is 536mm (21.1”) long; with open slide it is 672mm (26.45”) long.
Inside of the slide there are eight metal reeds that, according to the
position, produce eight different notes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 17. Sax-harmonica, 1930s
toy made of golden metal, about 320mm (12.6”) high, in the shape of a saxophone
with a cup mouthpiece and six buttons. The buttons conduct the air to six metal
reeds producing the notes (B, C, D, E, F#, G). <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 18. Flute-harmonica, German
toy made during the first years of 20th century. The instrument is made of a
wooden parallelepiped and a little side keyboard with ten round keys made of
mother of pearl controlling the external metal pallets. The sound is produced
by single metal reeds. The body has these dimensions: 32 x 79 x 226 mm (1.25” x
3.1” x 8.9”); the keyboard is 196mm (7.7”) long, there is an embouchure and an
end made of ebonised wood with a total length of 134mm (5.25”). On the side
there is the writing: Mein – Stolz.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 27. Diatonic Harmonicas
with four holes and eight notes, cut in C major for an extension of one octave,
three instruments. Two instruments are from the Little Lady series built in
Germany and one from the OK Golden Cup series built in China. These instruments
have a pear wood structure painted black, have eight brass reeds of mm. 0.9 and
have a stainless steel coating on which is engraved LITTLE LADY / MADE IN /
GERMANY while the Chinese one is painted cobalt blue and has the inscription:
image of cup / OK / Golden Cup. The dimensions are very small, 37 x 15 x 12 mm
and in fact, on December 16, 1965, the HOHNER Little Lady became the first
musical instrument in history to be played in space. Walter Schirra, commander
aboard Gemini 6, surprised Mission Control with the Christmas melody
"Jingle Bells" played with the small harmonica he had brought aboard:
Schirra played the harmonica, while Stafford played the bells. It was the first
musical interlude from space. The two astronauts had prepared for the
performance by attaching dental floss and Velcro to the instruments so that
they could be hung on the wall of the spacecraft when not in use. Stafford and
Schirra donated the instruments to the National Air and Space Museum in 1967.
They are on display in the Apollo to the Moon exhibition at the Museum in
Washington, DC. Hohner built these instruments in Germany until 1980 and then relocated
production to his factory in China. Currently they are produced in ABS of
modest quality and often used as key rings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">L. 30. Chromatic piano
accordion, model 'Ridotto' built around 1948 in Stradella (PV). There are
seventeen singing keys and 6 buttons for bass arranged in 2 rows with Stradella
bass mechanism. 6-fold cardboard mantle, fitted with metal corner guards. The
cases are entirely covered in green celluloid. The singing keys are made of
wood covered with white and black plastic. Bass buttons of white plastic. The
moulded aluminium valve cover makes the dust net visible. The valve cover bears
the nameplate with the name of the manufacturer: Stradellina. The belts are
made of black leather; the shoulder strap, also made of black leather, is
attached to the case by means of metal rings. The instrument is fitted with 4
black plastic feet; the dimensions are mm. 191 x 101 x 203.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 2. Terracotta whistles,
Italian, 20th century. The first represents a feminine figure, 77mm (3.05”)
long, and shows an embouchure and two holes. The second is a little spherical
ocarina with 4 upper holes and two lower holes. The third is a whistle in the shape
of an ocarina with side embouchure, 147mm (5.8”), 2 front holes and 1 back hole
with feminine faces and medallions. 2 water whistles miming the bird song, fish
shape, 100mm (3.95”) long. 3 zoomorphic whistles with embouchure hole and 2
holes in the shapes of a shell (71mm – 2.8”), of a little owl (88mm – 2.45”),
and of a swallow (112mm – 4.4”); the last is a zoomorphic whistle in the shape
of a rooster, made by Rosario Mastro in mid 20th century of not enamelled
scratched terracotta.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 3. Terracotta ocarinas,
20th century. This globular flute was invented in Budrio (Bologna) in 1863 by
Giuseppe Donati who was author of a notable production together with study
methods, up to the creation of a virtuosos ensemble. Cesare Vicinelli during
the first decades of 20th century acquired Donati’s inheritance opening another
manufacturer in Budrio and, perfecting the technique, took this simple
instrument to its splendour. The first two come from De Fazio manufacturer in
Grottaglie and they are decorative pieces, made of pottery, 197mm (7.75”) and
145mm (5.7”) long, with 8 front holes and 2 back holes; the third comes from
former East Germany, it is made of red-painted terracotta and presents 2 back
holes and 8 front holes, length 185mm (7.3”); the fourth is 113mm (4.45”) long,
probably Emilian, it has 8 front holes, the last a double hole, and 2 + 2 back
holes; the fifth and the sixth are two big non professional ocarinas (151mm –
5.95” and 180mm – 7.1”), made of not enamelled terracotta, made by Francesco
Annicchiarico; the seventh, made of black-painted terracotta, 148mm (5.8”)
long, comes from Austria and presents 8 front holes and 2 back holes; the
eighth and the ninth were made in Budrio, by Arrigo Mignani manufacturer, they
are made of wood and have un usual hole disposition, 129mm (5.05”) and 160mm
(6.3”) long; the tenth, lastly, made of black-painted wood, in D, Austrian make
(branded MUSIK / AUSTRIA, the letter D and two overlapping medals), is 178mm
(7”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 6. Bird decoy made in 19th
century in France and Northern Italy. The first three are decoys for turtle
doves. Two of them are made of dark wood and one is made of boxwood. They are
turned in a spherical shape with a front hole and a foot. The first has the
hole covered with horn and it is 137mm (5.4”) long, the second is 116mm (4.55”)
long, while the third, made of pale wood, is 129mm (5.05”) long and has the
hole made of horn. The last three are decoys for plovers and cuckoos, they are
made of wood, with a single hole on the front, the side, or the foot and are
respectively 91mm (3.6”), 62mm (2.45”), and 62mm (2.45”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 8. Castagnette from
Sorrento, sort of handled castanets made of a middle handled piece and two side
pieces that play making it resonate on the hand palm. One of them is made of fir,
189mm (1.45”) long, and the other is made of sessile oak, 147mm (5.8”), with a
small circular ivory decoration on the handle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 9. Castanets made of olive
wood during the first half of 20th century. These concussion instruments are in
the shape of shell and are played making them resonate in the hand palms; in
this case there are both the pairs of castanets. The instrument is 85 x 62 mm
(3.35” x 2.45”). <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 11. French kazoo (mirliton),
Varinette, made during the second decade of 20th century. This instrument is made of a small wooden
pipe with a middle hole and two membranes at the ends. Blowing or singing in
the embouchure the membranes vibrate producing the sound.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 12. Slide whistles, pair of
English instruments, second half of 19th century, the first (65 mm – 2.55”) is
made of ivory with an ebony slide, and the second (57 mm – 2.25”) is made of
mahogany with bone slide and a border with a small brass chain.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 21. Toy in the shape of a
shawm with metal vibrating reed and four metal keys that make the notes vary.
Made of two wood pieces in central Italy in mid 19th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 23. English kazoo made during
the first decades of 20th century, ebonite body 114mm (4.5”) long, and two
metal bells for the vibrating reeds. Brand: SWANEE / SAZZAFONE / REG. / MADE IN
LONDON / ENGLAND / PRO. PAT. / REG. DESIGN / REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 24. Mirliton, probably made
in Northern Italy between the end of 18th century and the beginning of 19th
century. Cylindrical body, made of wood, 341mm (13.4”) long, covered with green
paper with blue and red dots. The ends are made of elegantly turned natural
wood, one of them with eight vent holes and the other with the embouchure and
the vibrating membrane.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 25. Mirliton, probably made
in Italy between the end of 18th century and the beginning of 19th century. The
cylindrical body, 261mm (10.25”) long, is made of turned wood and presents at
one end the embouchure and 24 vent holes. The two end pins are made of ebony
with the total length of 303mm (11.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 26. Mirliton, probably made
in Venice between the end of 18th century and the beginning of 19th century. It
presents a cylindrical body, made of brown-coloured wood, with the embouchure
and 8 vent holes. The two ends, where there are the membranes, are screwed in the
body with a total length of 223mm (8.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 27. Toy xylophone, made in
Switzerland at the end of 19th century. The instrument is made of 12 metal bars
(from C4 to F5) fixed on a wooden stand inserted in a wooden box (dimensions
371 x 133 x 48 mm – 14.6” x 5.25” x 1.9”) covered with coloured paper with
illustrations of playing children. Inside there is a small wooden mallet. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 28. Eunuch flute, probably
Neapolitan, datable to the second half / end of 18th century. The eunuch flute
is basically a mirliton with the sound membrane only at one end, professional,
often refined, make. This instrument presents the body, lightly conical, made
of stained wood, two rods and the ends made of finely carved bone. The
embouchure hole is on the narrow part of the body, near the membrane that,
hidden by the bone protection, was fixed whit a twine to the knurled tenon: the
total length of the instrument is 273mm (10.75”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 31. Instruments for crèche
musician shepherds, Neapolitan, datable to mid 19th century. The instruments
are a cornamusa zoppa, type from Molise, with bag made of animal bladder and
wooden body, and a wooden shawm, made in a detailed way very faithful to the
original.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 32. Decoys for quails made of
donkey leather, Italian, datable to the first decades of 20th century. These
instruments were made of bags of reversed donkey leather; five of them have a
piece of sheep bone (shinbone), and two of them have a metal pipe with a hole
used as a fipple. The sound is emitted pressing the bag. The instruments are
respectively 210mm (8.25”), 182mm (7.15”), 155mm (6.1”), 154mm (6.05”), 146mm
(5.75”), 157mm (6.2”) and 132mm (5.2”) long. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 34. Toy xylophone made in the
United States in 1930, in his original box. The instrument is made of eight metal
bars fixed on a metal trapezoidal stand that is 256mm (10.05”) long with the
sides being 106mm (4.15”) and 75mm (2.95”) long. There are also two mallets
made of coloured wood and some scores with simple songs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 35. Bird decoys, Italian,
datable to the first decades of 20th century. The first, for thrushes, is made
of a cylindrical bellows, 38mm (1.5”) wide and 64mm (2.5”) high, made of a
spring with leather covering that, closed at the end by a wooden stopper, blow
the air in a metal cylinder at the bottom that produces the sound. The second,
for thrushes, is similar to the first with dimensions 38 x 60 mm (1.5” x
2.35”). The third is a decoy for black-winged stilts and it is a wooden
cylinder, 133mm (5.25”) high, with a cogwheel and a plate on the top. The
fourth is a decoy for magpies made of brass and green plastic, 94mm (3.7”)
high. The fifth is a decoy for magpies made of brass and pink plastic, 109mm
(4.3”) long. The sixth is pyriform, made of brass, for blackbirds, and is
played by inhaling, 62mm (2.45”). The seventh, for blackbirds, similar to the
previous, 69mm (2.7”) long. The eighth is 79mm (3.1”) long, for thrushes, made
of a wooden parallelepiped and the sound is produced by the rubbing of the
metal screw inside of it. The ninth is a metal decoy, for larks, with a long
embouchure and a small cylinder as the base, with total dimensions of 51mm
(2”). The tenth, for blackbirds, is a small flat cylinder made of metal, 24 x
20 mm (0.95” x 0.8”). The eleventh, for blackbirds, is similar to the previous,
with dimensions 28 x 7 mm (1.1” x 0.25”). The twelfth, for blackbirds, is
similar to the previous, with dimensions 37 x 14 mm (1.45” x 0.55”). The
thirteenth is a small conical decoy for larks made of bone, 27mm (1.05”). The
fourteenth is a decoy for marine birds, made of wood painted black, 86mm (3.4”)
high, with a spherical embouchure and a cylindrical body. The fifteenth is a
cylindrical boatswain whistle made of metal, 73mm (8.25”). The sixteenth is a
decoy for marine birds, pyriform, made of wood painted black, 55mm (2.15”). The
seventeenth is a decoy for mallards, made of wood painted black, conical, 104mm
(4.1”) high. The eighteenth is a decoy for ducks made of sheep bone,
cylindrical, 62mm (2.45”) long. The nineteenth is a globular whistle, for
turtle doves, made of brown plastic, 115mm (4.5”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 36. German toys, made of
tinplate cylinders with childhood decorations and a crank on the top that, when
turned, produces the sounds. The instruments have different dimensions: one is
74 x 76 mm (2.9” x 3”) and is decorated with some puppies; three are 90 x 82 mm
(3.55” x 3.2”) and are decorated with circus scenes, with a redhead child, and
with bunnies and bear cubs; the fifth is 110 x 106 mm (4.3” x 4.15”) and is
decorated with playing children.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 40. Decoys for marine birds
made of pale wood, Piedmontese, datable to mid 20th century. The first is 120mm
(4.7”) long and presents a small embouchure hole and a big opening at the base.
The second, lightly cylindrical, 105mm (4.15”) long, has a big embouchure and
vent hole. The third, 107mm (4.2”) long, has the shape recalling a bottle with
a small hole on the top and a fipple on the neck, and it has the foot closed.
The fourth has the shape of a cross, 74 x 115 mm (2.9” x 4.5”), with the embouchure
and the fipple on the small side, a hole on the right side, and a little inner
cylinder. The fifth is similar to the previous with dimensions 54 x 64 mm (2.1”
x 2.5”) but with two holes at the end of the side arms. The sixth is a 103 mm
(4.05”) whistle, open at the foot, with an upper embouchure and a fipple on the
body. The seventh and the eighth are similar to the previous but their
dimensions are 85mm (3.35”) and 72mm (2.85”). The last is a small whistle,
closed at the foot, 68mm (2.65”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 49. Neapolitan crèche
musicians, made of polychrome terracotta, folk make, datable to the second half
of 19th century. This little collection of eight figures copies the Moor bands
of Neapolitan crèche since 18th century and it is made of trumpet, trombone, cymbals,
drum, and serpent players with their typical Turkish costumes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 51. Whistles from various
origin. The first is a hunting whistle from Piedmont, made of ivory with the
head of a satyr, about 80mm (3.15”) long and datable to early 19th century. The
second is a hunting whistle made of black horn with the head of a dog,
Piedmontese, 75mm (2.95”) long, datable to mid 18th century. The third a
hunting bone whistle, cylindrical, 50mm (1.95”) long, and datable to mid 19th
century. The fourth is a whistle for falcons made of bone, datable to the end
of 18th century, 46mm (1.8”) long, while the last is a small bone flute in the
shape of a fish, with 4+1 holes, 110mm (4.35”) long, datable to mid 19th
century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 52. Toys for babies, dating
back to 1950s: 1) tinplate ratchet, 80mm (3.15”) wide and 12mm (0.45”) high,
with the head of a clown drawn on the top; 2) rattle made of silvered metal,
consisting of a 37mm (1.45”) wide sphere with a small marble inside, and a
146mm (5.75”) long twisting handle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 55. Couple of toy rattles
with metal reed whistle. The two toys date back to 1930s, they are made of
tinplate and are 108mm (4.25”) long. The handle is in the shape of a
conical-frustum and on the free end there is the embouchure hole of the whistle
while on the other end there is a cylinder, 38mm (1.5”) wide and 20mm (0.8”)
high, with drawings of children, containing little pieces of metal that give
the sound to the rattle. The first has the drawing of a boxer child while the
second has the drawing of a musketeer child.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 56. Toy diatonic button
accordions dating back to 1940s, German, made of pressed cardboard. One of them
has six melody buttons, red sides with golden borders, and the bellows made of
floral paper, with dimensions 208 x 106 x 63 mm (8.2” x 4.15” x 2.5”). The
other one has ten buttons and two basses, red sides, and bellows with golden
borders with a metal support, with dimensions 214 x 114 x 86 mm (8.4” x 4.5” x
3.4”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 57. French flageolet
(flageolet d'oiseau) and whistle for children, made of wood, dating back to
1940s. The flageolet is 102mm (4”) long and presents four front holes and a
back hole with a large embouchure and an approximate fipple. The whistle is
made of amaranth-coloured wood, 47mm (1.85”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 58. Metal tambourine and
couple of musician puppets, toys dating back to 1950s. The tambourine is made
of tinplate coloured green and yellow with figures of anthropomorphic animals
and little house, German, branded Agatex, dimensions 162 x 39 mm (6.35” x 1.55”);
it has a hole for the thumb and three pair (one missing) of jingles. The
puppets are two musicians of bass drum and cymbals, put on a 148 x 68mm (5.8” x
2.65”) base with wheels. The child, pushing the base with a long (missing)
shaft, make the wheel rotate on the ground and these, with a simple mechanism,
make the puppets move.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 62. Hohner soprano melodica,
made in 1959 of green metal with black and white keys. The range is two octaves
(from C4 to C6). The melodica is a musical instrument similar to the accordion
and the harmonica created by Hohner in 1950: it is a free reeds aerophone with
keyboard. The melodica, also known as pianica, blow-organ, or key-flute, has a
keyboard with 25 notes on the top and it is played blowing the air through a
mouthpiece. This instrument is 338mm (13.3”) long, 59mm (2.3”) wide, and has
its original cardboard case. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 63. Hohner alto melodica,
made in 1959 of red metal with black and white keys. The range is two octaves
(from F3 to F5). The melodica is a musical instrument similar to the accordion
and the harmonica created by Hohner in 1950: it is a free reeds aerophone with
keyboard. The melodica, also known as pianica, blow-organ, or key-flute, has a
keyboard with 25 notes on the top and it is played blowing the air through a
mouthpiece. This instrument is 338mm (13.3”) long, 59mm (2.3”) wide, and it has
its original cardboard case and two mouthpieces, one black and one white, with
a different air opening.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 64. Kazoo made of pale wood,
French, datable to early 20th century. The instrument has two side membranes
with changeable tension by means of a screw system, and a central embouchure
hole. It is contained in a wooden rounded case.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 65. Zellophone, American toy
produced during the third decade of 20th century by J. Pressman & co. Inc.
in New York (n° 610). The Pressman Toy Corporation was founded in 1922 by Jack
Pressman and specialised in producing folk toys with decent quality and, till
1947, it produced toys inspired to Walt Disney production. This is a sort of
xylophone with the sounding body made of eight glass tubes beaten with a wooden
mallet. The dimensions of the cardboard box, also used as a support for the
instrument, are 40 x 230 mm (1.55” x 9.05”) and inside there are, besides the
eight glass tubes, a series of six short melodies that could be played with the
instrument.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 67. Ocarinas (quartet) made
of white terracotta by the Apulian Giorgio Cataldi. These are the result of the
continuous experimentation tending to increase the range of this one-chambered
instrument into alto and tenor ranges and to improve the sounds and the weight
for bass and contrabass ranges. The tuning are in C (141mm – 5.55”), in G
(146mm – 5.75”), in F (149mm – 5.85”) and double-chambered bass in C (272mm –
10.7”). The instruments are branded G CAT and on the embouchure there is the
indication of the tuning, they have two back holes and eight front holes with
the last and the third to last as double holes. The bass has only the third to
last hole of the lower body as a double hole while the higher chamber has five
front holes and two back holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 68. Toy in the shape of a
clarinet, anonymous, probably German, dating back to the end of 19th century.
The instrument is made of a cylindrical body and a lightly flared bell made of
wood painted black with a pale wood embouchure. The total length is 354mm (13.95”).
On the body there are six keys that, activated, free some metal reeds producing
as many notes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 69. Contrabass ocarina made
of “Etruscan” clay by Giorgio Cataldi in 2013. This is the biggest shape this
instrument can reach: the length is 360mm (14.5”) while the diameter at the
embouchure is 401mm (15.8”). Besides the fipple hole, there are two back holes
for the thumbs and, on the front, four holes for the right hand and three holes
for the left hand.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 70. Ocarina in C made of red
clay in 2013 by Giorgio Cataldi. The instrument presents two back holes for the
thumbs and the fipple hole while on the front there are four holes for the left
hand and four hole for the right hand with the last being a double hole. The
length is 179mm (7.05”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 71. Whistle made of metal
datable to early 20th century, very little and probably made for a child.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 72. Tin trumpets, first half
of 20th century, Italian, produced by Marchesini manufacturer. Agostino
Marchesini manufacturer was born in 1908 and was one of the oldest toy
manufacturers, with offices in Bologna, branded its toys with the initials AMB
Bologna. The instruments are 110mm (4.35”) high and they have a metal reed to
produce the sound. The first is coloured with black, red, and white squares; the
second with blue, red, and black squares on a red background. They both have a
small blue handle and a white embouchure.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 78. Salentino toy tambourine,
datable to mid 20th century, made of beechwood and leather with three pairs of
metal sheet jingles. The diameter is 183mm (7.2”) and the height of the rim is
48mm (1.9”). In addition to three holes for the jingles, on the rim there is a
circular hole for the grip.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 79. Stock, two chanters, and
two drones of a Calabrian sordulina in G, datable to the first half of 20th
century. There are two chanter of the same length, a shorter drone and a longer
drone, both longer than the chanters, each one with inner cylindrical bore with
diameter measuring 8mm (0.3”). This instrument is made of wood decorated with geometric
shapes, meanders, and leaves except for the longer drone that seems to have
been restored. All the canes finish with large bells (110mm -4.35”- for the
chanters, 120mm -4.7”- and 105 -4.15”- for the drones) having a merely
aesthetic function, because the inner bore is always cylindrical. The two
chanters, starting from the stock, measure 208mm (8.2”), with four holes for
the fingers for “ritta” (right hand) and “manca” (left hand); on the first
there is a sound hole, while the second is wedged with a piece of wax that
allow to silence the chanter by closing all the holes. The higher drone
(“fischietto” or “scandillo”) measures 112mm (4.4”) and the lower one (“trumm”
or “trombone”) measures 232mm (9.15”). The stock, with conical-frustum shape,
is 131mm (5.15”) high and, at the base, 135mm (5.3”) wide. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 80. Harmonica, anonymous,
probably built in the first half of the twentieth century and consists of a
red-painted parallelepiped wooden, sized mm. 415 x 120 x 74 which contains the
metal reeds. On the left side is placed a kind of wind chest, in dark wood,
with 22 long (mm. 215) keys that open the hole for the air vent. The
insufflator is made from a thick copper tube positioned on the short side of
the instrument while on the right side there is a leather handle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 81. Clarina, German musical
toy, made by Hohner in the '60s. The height is mm. 390, mouthpiece and bell are
made of white plastic while the body, cylindrical mm. 300, is covered with
black linen paper. There are eight keys (Do major), which, driven by the right
hand, they open the holes and bring into vibration of metal reeds that produce
the notes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 83. Mirliton, built in
northern Italy in the first quarter of the nineteenth century. Ebony
cylindrical body with a length of mm. 301 and of mm. 24 in diameter and two
mouth holes. The terminals, in which the membranes are housed, are made of
boxwood with a truncated cone section, richly turned and coloured red, mm high.
27 and a final diameter of mm. 60 with some signs of wear. The refined invoice
indicates an aristocratic destination and not a toy for children. Published in:
M. Kirnbauer, De Zwitzers hebben ook een zeker Instrument - Die Schweitz und
die Eunuchenflöte, Glareana 50(2), 2002, 51-57, p. 55 (with photo).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 84. Onion flute built in
northern Italy in the second half of the nineteenth century. Long mm. 598 e.
The body is made of bamboo with a length of mm. 444 and diameter of mm. 24, has
a large hole for the mouth of mm 42 at one end eighteen small vent holes at the
other end. The terminals are made of onion-shaped painted wood with a diameter
of mm. 42: On the end of the mouth hole there are twelve other small vent
holes. In "chinoiserie" style, probably for aristocratic destination
(not a toy for children). It may have been restored in the last century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 86. Tintinnabula, three
liberty Italian style silver rattles, dating back to the first decade of the
twentieth century. The workmanship of excellent workmanship and the
construction material show a noble commission. These toys for babies contain
inside the balls that cause a sound when they are shaken, two have a large ring
to hang it and all have a light blue ribbon. The former has a vaguely hexagonal
shape, the second is shaped like a big bow, while the third is reminiscent of a
ripe fruit in the center of which there are six seeds. The approximate
dimensions of all three are mm. 50 per side and mm. 20 of height.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 89. Tin Whistles (Irish
flutes), three instruments, two of them cut in D and one in B-flat. The tin
whistles are fipple Irish flutes, used as toys but also appreciated by
professionals, they have a metallic cylindrical body, six front holes and a
labium mouthpiece. They were produced in the 1980s in Dublin by McCullough
Pigott Mfg. Ltd. Pigott's company has been part of the music scene in Dublin
since 1823: known as one of the city's main music stores, Pigott's has been
involved in wind, brass and pianos. Denis McCullough was a violinmaker and a
Belfast piano tuner. Following a fire in his Dublin music store in the 1960s,
the two companies merged and became McCullough Pigott (Manufacturing) Limited,
which remained active until the 1990s. The instrument in B-flat and one of
those in B are marked GENERATION / BRITISH / MADE; the first one, in nickel-plated
brass, is mm. 374 long and has a blue mouthpiece while the second has a red
mouthpiece, which distinguishes the brass instruments, and is mm. 296 long. The
second instrument in B, long mm. 300, has the green mouthpiece, is in brass and
is marked FEADÓG / Made in Ireland / BY / McCullough Pigott Mfg.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 98. Triple whistle in bone
and metal made in Italy in the first half of the 20th century. The instrument
consists of a central, cylindrical, metal body of mm. 56 in length and mm. 17
in diameter. In the middle there is a large oval opening and, on the opposite
side, there is a cylinder with a hole in the center that allows to be emitted
of the sound. On one side there is a labium, in horn, with a wooden wedge with
a length of mm. 33, on the other a cylinder, in horn, with a length of mm. 44,
which houses a metal reed which constitutes the third whistle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 99. Whistles for birdcall
made in Italy in century the 20th century. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">1. quail call made of black reversed donkey hide and bone 158 mm. long,
diameter of bone 20 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">2. labium whistle, wooden, 68 mm. long, diameter 19 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">3. quail call, black reversed donkey hide and bone, 168mm long, diameter
of bone 20mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">4. thrushes call, consisting of a bellows cylinder 124 mm long; the
leather part is 41 mm wide and the brass part 23 mm wide.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">5. quail call made of black reversed ass hide and bone 143 mm long,
diameter of bone 11 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">6. quail call, black reversed donkey skin and bone 145 mm long, bone diameter 24 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">7. bilaminar bone waterfowls' call consisting of two parallel blades. At
the edges there are two terminals with a total length of 80 mm and a width of
17 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">8. two calls for blackbirds, circular base 20 mm long and 12 mm high
with central hole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">9. light wood cuckoo call 129 mm long, with a small hole for changing
tone surrounded by a metal hoop.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">10. quail call made of black reversed donkey hide and bone 152 mm long,
diameter of bone 15 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 100. An Apulian terracotta
whistle in the shape of a bird, made at the end of the 19th century. This type
of whistle is common to cultures all over the world, from South America to
China, from Africa to Europe. In Italy, too, they are extremely widespread,
with distinctive characteristics for each region: the most important figurine
manufactures in Puglia (Grottaglie, Gravina, Rutigliano, Cutrofiano) are no
exception. The playing of these whistles on New Year's Eve is believed to bring
good omens for the coming year. The base, coloured red and green, holds the
whistle made of uncoloured terracotta. An iron wire, starting from the base,
holds the terracotta bird with a yellow body, green wings and red tail. On the
tail are three light blue feathers and on the head are two long (mm. 270)
turquoise parrot feathers. The total height is 330 mm. while the height of the
bird alone with the base is 121 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 101. Sarchiapone, zoomorphic
whistle inspired by the famous skit by Walter Chiari and Carlo Campanini in
1958, revived in 1974 with Ornella Vanoni. The whistle, made in 2006 by the
ceramist Nunzio Basile, is shaped like a pourer, has the blowing hole on the
handle and the labium, at the front, on the tongue of the sarchiapone
(mother-in-law's tongue). The instrument is decorated with colours in shades of
green and yellow; the handle is a fish with two hind legs, on the neck of the
pourer is an angel with a sword and the head is a dragon with front legs and
protruding tongue. The overall length is 335 mm., the height 192 mm. and the
width 221 mm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 2. Playasax, mechanical
instrument, American, made during the first half of 20th century, in the shape
of a small saxophone and made of a sort of harmonica with metal reeds that play
guided by a pierced sheet of paper mounted on two wooden music rolls and
activated by a crank. The piece on the barrel is: QRS Playasax, P136 Marching
Thru Georgia. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 6. Italian music box, made
during the first decades of 20th century. The metal instrument has the shape of
a roundabout with four horses made of Bakelite in the centre and four wooden
figures of children playing on the roundabout. On the top there are four small
red lights supplied by a battery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">O. 54. Le avventure di
Pinocchio on 78-turn Durium records, unbreakable (cardboard). Opera recorded in
Milan from 6 to 17 November 1933 in the Durium phonographic studio. Orchestra
chosen by Teatro della Scala conducted by L. Malatesta. Collodi's masterpiece
presented, screenplayed, spoken and sung. Adaptation of A. Airoldi and G.
Cantini, musical comments by M. Mariotti, sceneries and colour illustrations of
"Attilio". Set of 18 records housed in 9 double cases illustrated by
Attilio Mussino, in turn stored in a box (mm. 290 x 275 x 60) of cardboard,
also brilliantly illustrated in color. Inside each pair of records there is
also a foldable two pages in which, only on the front, are depicted figures
that were intended to be cut out by the child and placed in the background of
the cases as a theatre. Index of the eighteen discs is printed on the reverse
side of the cover. Mussino's illustrations, which obviously follow the
progression of events, also have the peculiarity of incorporating the image of
the Durium disc into the scene.</span></span></p></div>
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<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-23339515784489190582017-01-10T15:00:00.019-08:002017-01-10T15:16:38.230-08:00RASSEGNA STAMPA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>RAI3 TG PUGLIA Mimmo Spina</b></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>RAI1 ITALIA DA STIMARE Massimiliano Pani e Marco Cerbella</b></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>RAI3 IL SETTIMANALE Raffaele Nigro</b></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>QUOTIDIANO DI LECCE 20 MAGGIO 2016</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYuXR9f0CCe5d9m2M3jAZ56otuWrQ2TfqqgFhnwn1nYUZkSXIscF6vUO6Kv_01v0gK2dmCbn0WFQ-fCmW2wq1qnS6Y6PJ0_Kzv5FUEZztF7R3kw0_WnLp_AtIdsbFZe_IuW7naOSTM6YA/s1600/62+Quotidiano+di+Lecce+venerd%25C3%25AC+20+maggio+2016.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="531" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYuXR9f0CCe5d9m2M3jAZ56otuWrQ2TfqqgFhnwn1nYUZkSXIscF6vUO6Kv_01v0gK2dmCbn0WFQ-fCmW2wq1qnS6Y6PJ0_Kzv5FUEZztF7R3kw0_WnLp_AtIdsbFZe_IuW7naOSTM6YA/s640/62+Quotidiano+di+Lecce+venerd%25C3%25AC+20+maggio+2016.JPG" width="640" /></a></span><br />
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<b style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">IL MANIFESTO 9 OTTOBRE 2010</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkBDJev6tfsCBS_5_FhgaJUKU704qtnCoDp0sv25EOuEcwQ0Lngg4geEXXM06zYIpoHWm-LpVwdhwNKivq8eoEZr-I7HkYaFME0jxu66uy4bf4u1qLFNnfjzJq5PmBK655yfkuKLvwbWk/s1600/41+Il+Manifesto+9+Ottobre+2010.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: orange;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkBDJev6tfsCBS_5_FhgaJUKU704qtnCoDp0sv25EOuEcwQ0Lngg4geEXXM06zYIpoHWm-LpVwdhwNKivq8eoEZr-I7HkYaFME0jxu66uy4bf4u1qLFNnfjzJq5PmBK655yfkuKLvwbWk/s1600/41+Il+Manifesto+9+Ottobre+2010.jpg" /></span></b></a></div>
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>CORRIERE DELLA SERA 15 OTTOBRE 2012</b></span><br />
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<b style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; text-align: center;">QUOTIDIANO DI LECCE 6 SETTEMBRE 2015</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpoWiTc7Ho3WOYHiqJPwy4HkNYn1TlzWbEMCBGmYwHG8kwGM1iiaYkXm_NIdhKnQkRBc5t-qorlYHjoJgTxbXEJqiAh-6mTwNClZkifLjHoXRfUMcmkVKaqLYFqLLaUMhKYPlFu1HrfzU/s1600/56+Quotidiano+6-9-2015.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: orange;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpoWiTc7Ho3WOYHiqJPwy4HkNYn1TlzWbEMCBGmYwHG8kwGM1iiaYkXm_NIdhKnQkRBc5t-qorlYHjoJgTxbXEJqiAh-6mTwNClZkifLjHoXRfUMcmkVKaqLYFqLLaUMhKYPlFu1HrfzU/s640/56+Quotidiano+6-9-2015.JPG" width="429" /></span></b></a><br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>CORRIERE DEL MEZZOGIORNO 22 MARZO 2013</b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpoWiTc7Ho3WOYHiqJPwy4HkNYn1TlzWbEMCBGmYwHG8kwGM1iiaYkXm_NIdhKnQkRBc5t-qorlYHjoJgTxbXEJqiAh-6mTwNClZkifLjHoXRfUMcmkVKaqLYFqLLaUMhKYPlFu1HrfzU/s1600/56+Quotidiano+6-9-2015.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpoWiTc7Ho3WOYHiqJPwy4HkNYn1TlzWbEMCBGmYwHG8kwGM1iiaYkXm_NIdhKnQkRBc5t-qorlYHjoJgTxbXEJqiAh-6mTwNClZkifLjHoXRfUMcmkVKaqLYFqLLaUMhKYPlFu1HrfzU/s1600/56+Quotidiano+6-9-2015.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpoWiTc7Ho3WOYHiqJPwy4HkNYn1TlzWbEMCBGmYwHG8kwGM1iiaYkXm_NIdhKnQkRBc5t-qorlYHjoJgTxbXEJqiAh-6mTwNClZkifLjHoXRfUMcmkVKaqLYFqLLaUMhKYPlFu1HrfzU/s1600/56+Quotidiano+6-9-2015.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4um9wt4CcX_ycqKGK4_TjchLDSD-G7G-Dz-6SL1hZF0_wPZukCpmE0_9xSj8J_WzKMB3P0G3NSSO5nKcX4NyovAXsLvWaAB6jQCknGGacGhV5eKfBvI96fLBhAyKzeTsOquaQEbU7ctk/s640/48+Corriere+del+Mezzogiorno+venerd%25C3%25AC+22+marzo+2013.jpg" style="color: orange;" width="460" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpoWiTc7Ho3WOYHiqJPwy4HkNYn1TlzWbEMCBGmYwHG8kwGM1iiaYkXm_NIdhKnQkRBc5t-qorlYHjoJgTxbXEJqiAh-6mTwNClZkifLjHoXRfUMcmkVKaqLYFqLLaUMhKYPlFu1HrfzU/s1600/56+Quotidiano+6-9-2015.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></b></a><br />
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-42870179665321785482017-01-10T15:00:00.017-08:002017-01-10T15:15:21.171-08:00CONTATTI E PRENOTAZIONI<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">La collezione è visitabile ogni sabato, domenica e festivi prenotando alla mail collezionespada@gmail.com o telefonando al numero +39.328.7496672</span><br />
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<br />maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-27290047357712486712017-01-10T15:00:00.015-08:002017-01-10T15:14:48.285-08:00OSPITALITA'<br />
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-15904999983515353522017-01-10T14:59:00.001-08:002023-11-15T09:06:51.190-08:00MUSICA LITURGICA E RITUALE<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 36.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Slide pitch pipe,
English, first half of 19th century, made of mahogany and fir. These flutes
were used to give the note to choirs; the note it gives with the slide inwards
is A. The instrument has the shape of a parallelepiped with the sides measuring
45 x 50mm (1.75” x 1.95”); it is 380mm (14.95”) long while with the slide
outwards it is 550mm (21.65”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 42.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English pitch pipe,
first half of 19th century, made of mahogany covered with leather. These flutes
were used to give the note to choirs; on the slide the notes are marked from G3
to C4 with notches for the accurate tuning. The instrument, in shape of a
parallelepiped, has 30mm (1.2”) sides and length of 240mm (9.45”) plus 40mm
(1.55”) for the embouchure: the slide has 22mm (0.85”) side and is 224mm (8.8”)
long without the handle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English harmonium, for
chamber music, made in London in 1903 by the manufacturer BOYD Ltd, Class 39.
It is entirely made of oak wood, including the keyboard with 39 key (from F to
G), but it has not the top and the original knee panel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 4.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Italian little
harmonium with pedals, end of 19th century, maker Dr. Graziano Tubi / Lecco, 4
octaves and 3 stops: expression, flute, and clarion; made of stained fir and
ebonised rosewood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 13.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Reed organ, made between
the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, branded: Estey Organ
Co Brattleboro Lt U.S.A. These instruments were mainly used in accompaniment in
Methodist chapels in replacement of pipe organs. They work as a harmonium, with
metal reeds, arranged on a wind chest, that vibrate thanks to the air pumped by
two pedals when released by the activation of the keys. This instrument shows
ten stops and two knee panels.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 14.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Positive organ having on
the front of the keyboard the writing: Fecit anno / 1822 and inside a title
block with the writing: Michelangelo Colameo. This maker operated in Naples
until mid 19th century. But the instrument shows a structure dating back to the
first half of 18th century, so it is quite probable that Colameo only worked
for a restoration, in fact the front with the date and the lower panel seem to
have been made later. The dimensions of the bottom are: length 58cm (22.85”),
height 52cm (20.45), width 43cm (16.9”); while the dimensions of the top are:
length 51,5cm (20.25”), height 65cm (25.6”), width 28cm (11”). As for the top,
there are two doors that, opened, show a plat-profile façade with three
pyramids made of 7 + 5 + 7 pipes, belonging to the Principal stop with the
biggest on the centre. The mouths are aligned in the central pyramid while they
are bent, with the highest on the sides, in the lateral pyramids; they are in
Roman style shape. The original keyboard is incorporated on the upper
decorative wooden board of the instrument, with suspended machinery connecting
to the 25-notes wind chest; on the right of the keyboard there are the brass
knobs for the stops. The instrument is divided in two units; the lower
containing the bellows and the upper containing the wind chest, the machinery,
the keyboard, and the pipes. This instrument is with suspended mechanical
transmission for the keyboard and mechanical for the activation of the stops.
The wind chest of the keyboard is tracker action type with horizontal pallet
pipes per note. The console can be considered integrated in the
harmonic-decorative part of the instrument and is made of a keyboard with 25
keys (C1 – C3), the diatonic ones made of boxwood and the chromatic ones made
of ebony with real first octave. On the right of the keyboard there is the
registration board with the brass knobs that, pulled outward, activate the
stops. The phonic disposal has three stops on the main wind chest and starting
from the façade it is the following: Twenty-Second (1/2 foot), Twenty-Ninth,
and Thirty-Third (refrain at second G#). The façade pipes are made of a
lead-tin alloy in high percentage, the inner pipes has a good wire drawing of
the metal plate made of lead-tin alloy in lower percentage, they are all flute
pipes and they have a cylindrical shape. The bellows mechanism is arranged on
the bottom and is made of two wedge-shaped bellows activated with ropes
starting from the two side holes. A hole with slot can be seen at the left of
the keyboard on the base of the instrument where there are the bellows and it
was surely used to activate the regulation device for the air flow to the wind
chest to make instrument weaker by means of the opening or the closing of a
specific valve. Colameo’s signature is between the inner part of the keyboard
and the tracker action. The diapason is 417 Hz, typical of Neapolitan
instruments of early 19th century. The reduced dimensions lets think to a
procession organ. There is a single collection of high quality music for
precession organs with a two-octaves range, that is a collection of "Ricercars"
by P.L. da Palestrina recently published edited by Liuwe Tamminga. In the
collection, about half of the pieces are playable with a two-octaves organ.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 20.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Italian portative
harmonium (guida voce) produced by the well-known Dott. Graziano Tubi company
in Lecco during the seventh decade of 19th century and commercialised by
Giovanni D’Avenia Company from Naples, piano makers from 1860, located in Via
S. Sebastiano 40. Graziano Tubi (Milano 1825 – Lecco 1904) was an eclectic
Lombard businessman who founded the harmonium factory with the same name in
1860 in Milan and in 1868 moved it to Lecco. In around 1870, reminding the
creation of this instrument, he wrote: “The study of music and the desire to
own a complete and portable keyboard instrument, brought me to create a
portable harmonium applicable that’s applicable on a piano, and that creation
led me to establish in Italy a harmonium factory I manage by myself, which now
produces a complete instrument a day…”. The instrument is contained is the original
case made of millboard and metal with a side opening to insert the insufflation
pipe, measuring 215 x 265 x 515mm (8.45” x 10.45” x 20.25”). Inside the cover,
there is a paper advertisement of the Tubi company production with, on the top
left, the brand: DITTA / D. G. TUBI / LECCO ITALIA and on the top right the
brand of the zampogna player with three sheep. The range goes from F3 to C6 and
the sound is produced by the air blown in the bellows through a rubber pipe.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 23.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Liebmannista for organ
built in the first decade of the twentieth century. This is a device that fits
on the keyboard of an organ and produces the arrangements pressing the
corresponding keys for to the chord that you want (major, minor, harmonic) by
long levers controlled by buttons located in the upper part of the instrument.
The Liebmann in Gera, most builder of pipe organs in Thuringia, patented a
device (could be embedded or removable) with the name "Liebmannista".
The DRGM (Deutsche Reich Gebrauchs Muster) 283302 released on June 21 1906, the
indicated as: "Harmoniumspielapparat, dessen Griffbrett mit den auf die
Tasten einwerkenden Druckschienen seitlich verschieb-und einstellbar ist."
(Device for playing the organ with a movable keyboard, in buttons and laterally
adjustable). This instrument has 39 buttons arranged in 3 rows to 13
buttons<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>each and 53 levers (from A 2 to
C # 7). Each button marked with the codes 1 ͯ - 13 ͯ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for the first row, 1 - 13 for the second row
and 1° - 13° for the third row. It is marked Liebmannista - DRGM 283302 and
there is a shopkeeper's plate with the inscription: SEIT ÜBER 40 Jahren /
Klavierbauer KORB; Zschopauerstr. / 129 / CHEMNITZ - SÜD; SEIT ÜBER 40 Jahren /
BESTE U. BILLIGSTE BEZUGSQUELLE / FÜR FLÜGEL - PIANOS - HARMPONIUMS / REPARATUR
- KAUF - TAUSCH - MIETE. It has a width of mm. 872, high mm. 60 and deep mm.
333 of which 151 for the part that rests on the keyboard and 182 for that
inserted into armonium.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 36.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Serpent, anonymous,
French, probably made between the end of 18th century and the first decades of
19th century. This is the contrabass instrument of cornetts family, made of two
pieces of carved wood, attached, and covered with leather. This instrument has
not keys and shows three holes at the level of the third angle and three at the
level of the fourth angle. The ring nuts, the staple, and the mouthpiece (not
original) are made of brass.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 89.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Tenor cornett,
presumably Italian, datable to the second half of the sixteenth century. The
instrument consists of a piece of wood cut into two halves, sculpted inside to
create the conical bore, glued and covered with black painted leather. It is
extremely rare for the condition in which it came to us, presenting only a
small loss of wood to the bell and small leaks of skin: it has only six front
holes, for a total length mm. 860 along the curve 904 on the back, the bell has
a diameter of mm. 74 while the diameter of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>the top, without the original mouthpiece, is mm. 25. This instrument,
called Cornetto in Italy, Zink in Germany, Cornet à bouquin in France, Corneta
in Spain, Cornett in the Anglophone countries, developed around the beginning
of the 14th century and remained in common use until the seventeenth century.
Its period of maximum splendor was the XVI and the beginning of the XVII
century, when it was the most appreciated wind instrument.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 15.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kettledrum from Silesia
(Poland on the border with Czech Republic and Germany), made during the first
half of 18th century. French instruments were made of brass while German and
English instruments were made of copper: the kettle is made of copper plates
while the struts and the studs, in shape of fleurs-de-lis, are made of wrought
iron. The leather is tightened by the hoop and the tuning bolts with squared
head made of forged iron. In kettledrums of early 18th century the leather was
tightened by screws (as in this instrument), arranged in regular way along the
whole kettle edge, pressing the hoop around the edge. The bolts were turned with
specific keys to tune the kettledrum, but this procedure turned out to be too
slow, uncomfortable, and noisy, so, during the19th century, the tension bolts
were made in the shape of a T, in order to be turned with the hands.
Dimensions: height 580mm (22.85”), diameter 645mm (25.4”), depth of the kettle
349mm (13.75”), inside of it there is a big bell (schalltrichter) over the air
vent.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 13.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ratchet, Italian folk
instrument, end of 18th century. This rubbed-wood instrument was used in
monasteries and churches, during the Holy Week, in substitution of the bells
sent to Rome to be blessed. The instrument, 210 mm (8.25”) long, is finely made
of walnut with handle of pale wood (poplar?). It is branded with three R
repeated on three sides of the frame supporting the tine, while on the fourth
side there are four R, on two sides there is also a palm tree drawn among the
R’s, this brand could indicate the origin monastery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 14.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Double ratchet,
instrument coming from a Belgian monastery, end of 18th century. This specimen
presents a double tine and two cog-wheels mounted staggered increasing the
sonority. The instrument is made of dark wood while the handle is made of a
different wood that is finely turned. It is branded S C C on the frame holding
the tines.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 15.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ratchet from Chiesa di S.
Michele (Church of St. Michael) in Montemesola (Taranto), first half of 19th
century, made of two tines with a middle cog-wheel. The instrument is made of
soft wood painted black with metal supports at the ends, and it is 425 x 90 mm
(16.73” x 3.55”) long. This instrument was used during the Misteri Procession
for the Good Friday.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 16.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Troccola from Chiesa di
S. Michele (Church of St. Michael) in Montemesola (Taranto), datable to 1791,
made of black-painted wood, with three handle per side. The typical metallic
sound is produced when the troccola player (troccolante) shake the instrument
making the handles beat against metal pins put in correspondence of the points
where the handles hit the board. The instrument, 544 x 32 mm (21.4” x 1.25”)
long, was used during the Misteri Procession for the Good Friday.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 30.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Votive cowbell,
Sardinian, made of pale wood, with two wooden clappers and a leather lace,
datable to the end of 19th century. This instrument was hung to the neck of the
ill animal with, inside, a paper with a prayer and a handful of grass and soil
impeding the sound, to beseech the animal’s healing. The dimensions are
approximately 191 x 133 mm (7.5” x 5.25”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 43.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sardinian Cowbell made of
olive wood, with ovoid shape and a simple decoration on the borders, with two
clappers and a twine, datable to the end of 19th century. This is an instrument
of the folk liturgy used to favour the healing of ill animals. The approximate
dimensions are 302 x 141 x 71 mm (11.9” x 5.55” x 2.8”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 46.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Handled board (troccola)
for children, made in Taranto old town, during the first decades of 20th
century, for the children who took part to Holy Week processions. This
instrument is small: its length is 303mm (11.9”) and the maximum width is 131mm
(5.15”); it has a single handle for every side.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 54.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Terracotta statuettes,
folk make, representing the brethren, called perdoni, who participate to the
celebrations of the Holy Week in Taranto. There are a couple of perdoni, the
trono (with three brethren) and the troccolante (the brother who opens the
procession playing the troccola) from the confraternity of Sorrowful Mother,
with white dress, black mozzetta, and the hat on the back, black shoes with
white ribbons: costume used during the Sorrowful Mother Procession. Then, there
are two children carrying the pesàre, the brother with the banner, the brother
who carries the cross of the mysteries, a couple of perdoni and the troccolante
(these last with the hat on the head) with white dress, cream mozzetta, walking
stick, rigorously barefoot, black hat with blue strip, and pinafore with the
writings decor and carmeli typical of Carmel brethren during the Misteri
Procession.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 59.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ratchets (trozzole or
trictrac), made in province of Bari during the first years of 20th century. The
ratchet, probably invented by Archytas from Taranto, is a friction idiophone,
the sound being produced by a cog wheel that makes a board vibrate. Generally
the board is activated by a crank, but in these specimens, made for the
children fallowing the processions of the Holy Week, it rotates together with
the wheels. The instruments, made of fir, are 970mm (38.2”) and 1119mm (44.05”)
long, they have the structure continuing in the long handle finishing with a
grip to allow the wheels rotate on the ground while the board is one but with
two large teeth, one for every cog wheel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Shofar, Hebrew horn
used for rituals and hunting (Jagdzink) that can play simple melodies. It is a
natural horn with inner mouthpiece that allows to produce a number of harmonics
(often depending of the ability of the player). This instrument dates back to
the end of 19th century and stands out for the high quality, the elegant shape,
the intense black colour, and the rather rare and precious material: gemsbok
horn (a variety of gazelle imported in Europe since 1500) that denote a high
quality piece. The length is 878mm (34.55”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 43.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Liturgical sistrum
(Tsina Tsil o Senasel) used by the priests of Ethiopian Orthodox Tawahedo
Church during the Mascal festivity, while on procession around the church. This
festivity honours the invention of the Cross; it is celebrated on the Maskaram,
17th, that coincides with the end of September or the beginning of October of
the Julian calendar. The legend, in its form narrated in the Church, wants St.
Elena, unsure where the Holy Wood was, let herself to be guided by the smoke of
a bonfire lighted after ardent prayers. In memory of that, a large bonfire is
lighted with wooden crosses (damarà). The instrument, made during the second
half of 20th century, comes from Debre Birhan, small city in Northern Ethiopia,
it is made of iron and nickel, has the handle made of horn; it is 235mm (9.25”)
and 75mm (2.95”) wide. The instrument is made of a metal structure with two
crossbars with three and two discs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 57.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Shofar made out of a
horn of a greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), datable between the end of
19th century and the beginning of 20th century, from Yemen. The shofar is used
to announce the new moon and the solemn feasts as well as to proclaim the
Jubilee year. It is also used in the first day of the seventh month (Tishri) to
proclaim the Rosh Hashana. The horn has iridescent brown colour, it has two
volutes, and is 1112mm (43.75”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 58.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Shofar of Ashkenazim
(Hebrew people with Central European origin), datable between the end of 19th
century and the beginning of 20th century, made out of a ram horn. This is one
of the most ancient wind instruments man knows and it is used even now, with
its symbolic meaning, during sacred ceremonies of Jewish people. This horn,
distinctly curved, is about 552mm (21.8”) long, and produces a strong and
penetrating sound.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">N. 60.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Hokiokio, pair of ritual
instruments from Papua used during courting rites. Nowadays, in the whole
Hawaiian area, they are made out of small pyriform pumpkins (ipu hokiokio) with
some holes for the fingers and an upper embouchure hole, like the xuns, and
they are played by the two lovers with their noses producing a feeble and
delicate sound. This pair of instruments is particularly precious, made of
animal horn, richly decorated with geometrical and floral shapes; it is datable
to the first half of 19th century. The larger end stops with a wooden closing,
while the narrower is thin and constitutes the fipple where the player blows
and it is closed with a wooden stopper sculpted as an anthropomorphic figure.
The instrument with the male figure is 177mm (6.95”) high, 219mm (8.6”) with
the stopper. The instrument with the female figure is 179mm (7.05”) high, 190mm
(7.5”) with the stopper.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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maksimcristanconlaspadahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16367216736336794135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8031407675004305494.post-16511997195747181282016-12-27T08:29:00.005-08:002023-11-15T09:08:17.885-08:00LEGNI D'ORCHESTRA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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made in Germany in about 1770. The instrument, conical, is in D, descending to
D, it is made of four ivory pieces, a ring nut and three squared keys made of
golden silver. One of the keys is mounted on an ivory mounting and it is
original, while the other two, further (ca. 1820), are mounted on silver
mounting. A is at 438 Hz; total length 604mm (23.75”); head joint 230mm (9.05”)
with end pin; ending diameter 23mm (0.9”); upper body 145mm (5.7”); lower body
134mm (5.25”); foot 95mm (3.75”); ending diameter 15mm (0.6”); oval embouchure
hole 10x8mm (0.4”x0.3”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 2. Side-blown flute made
of ivory, conical, in D descending to C. Four pieces branded: CAHUSAC / junior
/ LONDON. Cahusac jr. (Thomas) operated in London from 1781 to 1794 in 4 Great
Newport Street and, with his family, he was the most important flute make of
his time. The instrument presents 6 holes, 6 squared keys and 4 ring nuts made
of finely chiselled silver, original case. Dimensions: total length 667mm
(26.25”), head joint 230mm (9.05) with ending diameter 18mm (0.7”) and oval
hole 12x10mm (0.5” x 0.4”), upper body 159mm (6.25”) with ending diameter 14mm
(0.55”), lower body 121mm (4.75”) with ending diameter 12mm (0.45”), foot 157mm
(6.2”) with ending diameter 11mm (0.45”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">E. 3. Stick-f</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">lute</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,
in D and descending to D, probably a Coselschi make from Siena, made between
the end of 18th century and the first decade of 19th century. The instrument,
conical, is made of two pieces of boxwood carved in bamboo-cane shape, with
foot (not original) and tuning pin made of ebony and bronze. On the body there
are six holes and the hidden D-key. On the head joint, upon the embouchure
hole, there are two more holes for the handle strap. A at 432 Hz; total length
666mm (26.2”); head joint 311mm (12.25”) with end pin; head joint ending
diameter 16,4mm (0.65”); body 328mm (12.9”); foot 27mm (1.05”); foot ending
diameter 15,1mm (0.6”); almost circular embouchure hole 8,2 x 8,0 mm (0.32” x
0.31”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 4. Flute in F made for
the famous flute player Nicholson who operated in London in during first
decades of 19th century. Conical, 3 pieces of boxwood, with the head joint
slightly bended, one brass key.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 5. French Eb soprano
flute, branded: Noblet / Jeune / Fils, Paris 1830 ca. conical, 5 branded
pieces, boxwood, ivory ring nuts, 5 brass keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 6. Eb soprano flute,
anonymous, 1850 ca. conical, 5 pieces of flamed boxwood with 6 brass keys and
horn ring nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 7. Flute in D, conical,
German, made probably during the second half of 18th century by Grenser Carl
Augustin (Dresden, 1720-1807). The instrument is made of four pieces of flamed
boxwood, ivory ring nuts, and 4 brass squared keys. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 8. English flute with
conical bore, six holes and six keys, made by George Goulding between 1798 and
1803 in London. The instrument is made of five boxwood pieces with five ring
nuts and ivory tuning pin. All the pieces but the barrel (not original?) are
branded GOULDING & C°, the keys are made of silver and on one of them there
is the signature of the silversmith G. Lew. The A is 436 Hz but the embouchure
hole, conical, and the first hole has been reduced in their diameter with the
addition of an ivory ring. The total length is 665mm (26.2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 9. German flute, with
conical bore, with two spare bodies, branded C. G. HEROLDT, made of boxwood
with 5 horn ring nuts and a brass keys. The instrument is made of a head joint
measuring 224mm (8.8”), three upper bodies measuring respectively 147mm (5.8”),
156mm (6.15”), and 164 (6.45”), a 135mm (5.3”) lower body, and a 99mm (3.9”)
foot. Conrad Gustav Herold was a flute maker who operated in Klingenthal during
the first decades of 19th century. The flute is tuned at 440 Hz with the first
body, at 434 Hz with the second and at 428 Hz with the third. Original case
made of cardboard.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 10. English flute, conical,
made in around 1815 by William Henry Potter. The instrument, in D, descending
to C, is made of 5 ebony pieces with 5 ring nuts and the end pin made of ivory.
The embouchure is almost circular and there are 6 silver keys. The brand
impressed on the instrument is: POTTER / LONDON / PATENT.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 11. Flute in D, descending
to D, English, second half of 18th century, anonymous, conical, made of
boxwood, 4 pieces with ivory ring nuts, one squared brass key; it presents
signs of the addition of three keys, probably added in 19th century and later
removed. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 12. Side-blown Flute made
of rosewood, maybe French, first half of 19th century, four pieces with conical
bore, system between 1832 Böehm and Briccialdi. Ring nuts, 14 keys, and six
rings made of silver. Monogram A C on the instrument and on the case.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 13. English flute made of
rosewood with end pin, foot, four ring nuts, and keys made of brass. The
instrument is branded DOUGLAS & C° / LONDON: this maker operated in London
during the second decade of 20th century in 7 South St. EC. The flute, with
conical bore, descends at D; it presents 6 open holes and 6 brass keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 14. Side-blown flute made
of ebony, datable to the end of 19th century, with conical bore and inner metal
sleeve; it is made of four pieces, descending to B with a double D#. The
instrument presents six holes, fourteen keys (two for D# and Bb, the last
missing) and five nickel silver ring nuts. This instrument is anonymous but the
machinery recalls the instruments made by A. Rampone. The total length is 692mm
(27.25”) even if the barrel seems reduced.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 15. Italian flute in D,
conical, second half of 19th century, ebony. Five pieces with brand: circle
with stylised face / oval without caption; 5 keys and ring nuts made of
antimony.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 16. Side-blown flute, five
ebony pieces, B-extension, ring nuts and 11 keys made of nickel silver, conical
bore, regulation slide, screw end pin. Branded on every piece [reversed
five-pointed star] / BUFFET / A PARIS / [reversed five-pointed star]. Most
presumably made by Jean Louis Buffet, Paris, 1830-1844 (as also suggested by
the label of the time, attached to the instrument).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 17. Side-blown flute, five
ebony pieces, C-extension, ring nuts and ten keys made of silver, conical bore.
Branded on every pieces: lyre / BUFFET / Crampon e Cie. / A PARIS, monogram BC.
The instrument dates back to mid 19th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 18. Austrian flute made of
three pieces, made by Johann Baptist Ziegler and datable between 1858 and 1878,
branded: <double-headed eagle> / I. ZIEGLER / WIEN. / diapason. This
flute, descending to B, shows an extra key for Eb to be activated with the left
thumb. The instrument has conical bore, with thirteen keys hinged on metal
supports and six holes. The head joint is made of silvered brass with ivory lip
plate, while the body is made of rosewood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 19. German flute, conical,
anonymous, probably made during the second half of 19th century. The
instrument, in C, descending to B, is made of four ebony pieces with 10 keys,
end pin and 4 ring nuts made of nickel silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">E. 20. Conical flute,
anonymous, in C descending to D. The instrument is made of 4 ebony pieces with
6 keys and 5 ring nuts of silver. Made probably in Germany at the end of 19th
century.</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The flute belonged to flutist Antonio
Matacchieri (Altamura 12/6/1915, Taranto 2/9/2015) and was donated to the museum
by his son Bruno.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 21. German flute, type
Schwedler, in C descending to B, made between the end of 19th century and the
first decades of 20th century. The Schwedler flute takes its name from the
flute player Maximilian Schwedler (1853-1940) who designed it in 1885. These
instruments were made, at first, by Kruspe taking the name of Schwedler-Kruspe
and later, with some modifications, they took the name of reform flutes. This
instrument, in C descending to B, conical, is made of three ebony pieces and the
head joint is made of nickel silver with the embouchure of ebonite. It presents
12 keys, two rings, and three ring nuts made of nickel silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 22. Flute in C#, conical,
Meyer system, branded Corona, made in Markneukirchen in Bohemia by Schuster
& Co. in around 1860, ivory head joint and 3 ebony pieces with 9 nickel
keys. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 23. German flutes with
ivory head joint, datable to the end of 19th century. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">Flute, in C descending to B, it is made of three ebony pieces and an
ivory head joint with metal core with a total length of 730mm (28.75”). The
instrument presents 13 metal keys six holes with Meyer machinery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">Piccolo in C made of an ivory head joint and two ebony pieces with a
total length of 318mm (12.5”). The instrument, descending to D, presents the
machinery with 6 metal keys. The brand is BAUNGÄRTEL / MÜLHUASEN, this
woodwinds maker operated in Mülhuasen in Vogtland until 1903.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">Piccolo in C# made of an ivory head joint and two ebony pieces with a
total length of 302mm (11.9”). The instrument, descending to D, presents the
machinery with 6 metal keys. The brand is BAUNGÄRTEL / MÜLHUASEN.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 24. German flute, conical,
made at the end of 19th century by Oscar Adler & Co. in Markneukirchen. The
instrument is made of 4 ebony pieces with 8 keys, 4 ring nuts, and an end pin
made of silvered metal. The brand is made of two ovals, in the first there is
the writing ADLER & Co. / MARKNEUKIRCHEN, in the second the writing LOUIS
de LEEUW / ZWOLLE.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 25. Flute in D, conical,
Czechoslovakian, type Reform machinery, first decades of 20th century. The
brand, in oval, has the writing: WYNEK KOHLERT / KRASLICE 1058 / REP. ČESKOSL.
The flute, in C descending to B, is made of 4 ebony pieces with ring nuts, 13
keys, and 3 rings made of nickel-plated metal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 26. Flute in C descending
to B, conical, German. Instrument made of 4 ebony pieces with 4 ring nuts and
12 keys made of nickel silver. The impressed brand has the caption WÜNNENBERG /
CÖLN.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 27. Flute, cylindrical,
machinery with Böehm system, Germany, second half of 19th century, branded:
[crown between two stars] / OTTO MONNING / LEIPZIG. / [lyre] / Orthoton /
[eight-pointed star]. The flute, in C descending to B, is made of three ebony
pieces and 16 keys with closed plugging made of silver. The embouchure is oval
and narrow.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 28. Flute in E, conical
bore. German instrument of the end of 19th century, branded D. ANSINGH & /
ZWOLLE, made of 4 ebony pieces, 9 keys and 4 ring nuts of nickel silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 29. Conical flute,
anonymous, probably made during the second half of 19th century in Italy, but
with Meyer machinery. The instrument, in C, that can be turned B-tuned
descending to Bb thanks to a bone spacer between the head joint and the barrel,
is made of four ebony pieces with 13 keys and 4 ring nuts of nickel silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 30. Side-blown flute,
Italian, first decade of 20th century. The brand presents: lyre (in oval) /
BATTISTA / CAZZANI & Co / MILANO / monogram BC. The flute, in his original
case, is made of four ebony pieces, there are 12 nickel keys and it is
descending to B.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 31. Concert flute, in C
descending to B, made by Egidio Rampone, son of Agostino, during the last years
of 19th century, brand: <diapason> / RAMPONE / MILANO / BREVETTATO /
monogram ER; four ebony pieces, ring nuts, borders of the holes and 15 keys
made of nickel silver, tuning pin made of metal and enamel, original case with
the brand A. Rampone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 32. Concert flute, in C
with cylindrical bore descending to B, model "rudal-carte", n° of
order 342, Böehm system with closed plugging, 4 pieces of silvered metal
(stamped 900). Milan, third decade of 20th century, branded on the head joint:
in oval RAMPONE / DITTE RIUNITE / CAZZANI and on the barrel: five-pointed star,
BREVETTATO / A. RAMPONE / 4735 MILANO.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 33. Italian flute made
during the first quarter of 20th century, with the brand L. VANOTTI / MILANO /
BREVETTATO. Böehm machinery with closed plugging; made of silvered nickel
silver. Luigi Vanotti operated during the first quarter of 20th century
together with Abelardo Albisi, creator of albisiphon bass flute.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 34. Concert flute,
cylindrical, German, made of solid silver (stamped 900), Böehm system with
closed plugging, three pieces. The brand impressed on the barrel has the
writing SINFONIA / MAISTER / Paul Krebs / Erlbach / V. / (in oval) CONSERVATORU
BUCURESTI / 13151. The instrument, in his original case, is datable to mid 20th
century. Paul Krebs (1915-1989), apprentice of Gustav Reinhold Übel, and his
worker, founded his own firm in 1961, "PGH Sinfonia", in 1972 it
became "VEB Sinfonia", and since 1984 "VEB B&S".<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 36. Cylindrical flute,
anonymous, Fernand Chapelain à La-Couture-Boussey model, France, datable to the
first decade of 20th century. The flute is made of nickel-plated brass, it is
made of two pieces, it has a simplified Böehm machinery, and shows five keys
and six holes, it is descending to D.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 37. Glass flute covered
with leather, accurate copy (for its dimensions and the distance between the holes)
of a wooden flute preserved in Accademia Filarmonica in Verona and attributed
to Rafi. The instrument might be considered in C with a low diapason at 415 Hz.
The instrument is made of a cylindrical glass tube with six holes covered with
black leather, with embouchure (circular) and ring nuts, at the extremities,
made of rosewood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">E. 38. Stick-p</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">iccolo
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">in A, English, first decades of 20th century. Knob made of solid ivory,
head joint and body of rosewood with five nickel silver keys, body of the staff
screwed to the foot of the instrument. Brand: Boosey & Hawkes Ltd. /
LONDON, brass end.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 39. Piccolo in D, with
conical bore, anonymous. 3 ebony pieces, four ring nuts and five keys of metal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 40. Piccolo in C, Germany,
second half of 19th century, 3 ebony pieces, 6 keys and ring nuts made of
nickel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">E. 41. Piccolo in C, branded C. MAHILLON /
BRUXELLES. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The instrument maker Victor Charles Mahillon, famous
for the reconstruction of the oboe d’amore, operated around 1870. Two ebony
pieces and five silver nickel keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 42. Piccolo in C, with
cylindrical bore, Böehm system with closed plugging. Milan, first half of 20th
century. On the head joint is reported the brand: RAMOPNE / Ditte Riunite /
CAZZANI, while on the body the brand is A. RAMPONE / MILANO. Two silvered metal
pieces with lip plate and hand rester with floral decoration made of burin. The
n° of order in 1926 catalogue is 512.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 43. English Flute made of
ebony, in B flat, anonymous, made during the second half of 19th century. The
instrument presents a cylindrical bore, in three pieces with fourteen metal
keys and two plates. The machinery is an evolution of the old mechanized system
(Pratten's Perfected) with the addition of keys and plates for the six open
holes of the Ziegler machinery, and Böehm machinery on the foot. The dimensions
are: head joint 238mm (9.35”), oval embouchure hole 15 x 11 mm (0.6” x 0.45”),
body 292mm (11.5”), foot 137mm (5.4”), inner diameter 18mm (0.7”), outer
diameter 26mm (1”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 44. Italian flute, made
during the last decades of 19th century, conical bore with inner metal sleeve,
four ebony pieces. There are six holes, five metal ring nuts and fifteen keys
(two for D# and Bb) made of nickel silver. The instrument is branded on every
piece: royal coat of arms / (in oval) MAINO E ORSI / MILANO / monogram MO /
five-pointed star. The instrument has a double D#, identified with the number
52 in 1898 catalogue; it is descending to Bb and is 715mm (28.15”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 45. Italian piccolo, in
three ebony pieces, conical bore with inner metal sleeve, made during the last
decades of 19th century. This instrument is anonymous but the machinery recalls
the instruments made by Maino & Orsi. The total length is 322mm (12.65”)
even if the barrel seems extended and the end pin is missing; there are six
holes, three ring nuts and seven keys made of nickel silver (the Bb key is
missing).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">E. 46. English </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">stick-flute</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,
anonymous, made during the second half of 19th century. The instrument is made
of an ebony flute in three pieces, head joint 196mm (7.7”), upper body 140mm
(5.5”), lower body 159mm (6.25”), conical bore, with five nickel silver keys
descending to D, and with a knob (40mm - 1.55”) and a tip (435mm - 17.1”)
giving the total length of 970mm (38.2”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 47. Flute in C descending
to B, branded in every piece: lyre / BORGANI / ORFEO / MACERATA / brevettato /
monogram OB, dating back to 1920s. The instrument, 718mm (28.25”) long, is made
of four pieces of ebony with conical bore, six holes, twelve nickel silver
keys, and four ring nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 48. Flute in D# descending
to C, branded: lyre / (in oval) BUFFET / A PARIS / (in oval) A. GARDELLI /
BARI / five-pointed star, made during
the first quarter of 20th century and commercialized in Bari by Alfredo
Gardelli who sold instruments (Buffet, Conn, Rampone) with his own brand. The
instrument, made of ebony, in three pieces, has conical bore, six holes, eight
keys and three metal ring nuts and it is 573mm (22.55”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 49. Piccolo in C branded G.
PELITTI, Italian, made during the first quarter of 20th century, of ebony with
conical bore and metal sleeve in the head joint and in the barrel. The
instrument is made of three pieces with a total length 307mm (12.1”) with six
keys, six holes and three metal ring nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 50. Flute in F descending
to D, branded: TITO BELATI / PERUGIA, dating back to the third decade of 20th
century. The instrument, with conical bore, is made of three ebony pieces with
six holes and six keys (only two are present) and four metal ring nuts (one
missing) and it is 476mm (18.75”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 51. Piccolo in C, branded:
five-pointed star / P. Pupeschi / Firenze / five-pointed star, probably made in
1901. The instrument is made of ebony with conical bore and metal sleeve in the
head joint and in the barrel. The instrument is made of three pieces of the
total length of 321mm (12.65”) with six keys, six holes and four metal ring
nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">E. 52. Flute in C, Italian, branded: SISTEMA
BRICCIALDI / BREVETTATO / I. GERINI / FABBRICANTE / FIRENZE. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Ippolito
Gerini made flutes with Briccialdi system until the third decade of 20th
century. This system was a synthesis of Böehm system and Ziegler system,
created by the famous flute player from Terni Briccialdi, in 1849, consisting
in a metal flute with cylindrical bore and a system with fifteen keys and one
ring. This instrument, datable to the second decade of 20th century is 657mm
(25.85”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 53. Flute with conical
chamber, descendant to B, branded: lyre / CORTELLINI / A TURIN / five-pointed
star. The instrument, in its original case, is made of boxwood and has six
holes. The ten pewter keys with movable plate and the five ferrules are in
silver. The flute is in four pieces for a total length of mm. 709. Giacomo
Cortellini (Turin 1793 - 1860) was a fine maker of boxwood, especially
clarinets and flutes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 54. English flute
descending to B, datable to the second decade of 19th century, with conical
bore, made of five boxwood pieces with five ring nuts and ivory end pin, eight
keys with pewter pins and with movable silver plate hinged on mountings made of
embossed wood. On every piece there is the brand GOULDING & Cº, while on
the barrel there is the brand: 6 / Prince of Wales badge / GOULDING / D’ALMAINE
/ POTTER & Cº / SOHO-SQUARE / LONDON. The embouchure hole is almost
circular 11 x 10 mm (0.43” x 0.39”), the diapason is at 436 Hz, the total
length is 660mm (26”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 55. Flute made of boxwood
with conical bore, descending to B. The instrument was made by Johann Baptist
Junior Ziegler (Vienna 1824 – 1879) during the sixth decade of 19th century
and, on every piece, has the brand: double-headed eagle / I. ZIEGLER / WIEN.
The instrument has its original case, it is made of four pieces with six holes,
ring nuts, eleven keys (the last with movable plate) and two levers made of
nickel silver. The diapason is 440 Hz; it has an oval embouchure hole and is
712mm (28.05”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 56. Flute made of ebony
with conical bore, descending to B. The instrument was made by Johann Baptist
Junior Ziegler (Vienna 1824 – 1879) during the third quarter of 19th century
and on every piece has the brand: double-headed eagle / I. ZIEGLER / WIEN. The
instrument has its original case, it is made of four pieces with six holes,
ring nuts, eleven keys (the last ones with movable plates) and a lever made of
nickel silver. The diapason is 440 Hz; the flute has the end tip and the foot
decorated with fine enamels, it has an oval embouchure hole and is 711mm (28”)
long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 57. Flute descending to B,
in four ebony pieces with pale fiddleback, oval ivory lip plate, conical bore,
six holes, ten keys and five ring nuts made of nickel silver, branded: A.
MINISINI / TORINO / 2 brevetti. The instrument, with similar design of Buffet
flutes, is 712mm (28.05”) long. The diapason is 440 Hz.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 58. Flute in four ebony
pieces, conical bore, descending to C with eight keys and six holes, branded:
ABBATE / ALFONSO / B. The maker operated in Naples between 1840 and 1881 and he
was the inventor of many instruments. This instrument, datable to the third
quarter of 19th century, is 689mm (27.1”) long. The diapason is 440 Hz.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 59. Flute in E descending
to D, anonymous, datable to the end of 19th century, in four ebony pieces, with
conical bore, six keys and five metal ring nuts and six holes. The instrument
is 518mm (204”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 60. Cylindrical flute, made
of silvered brass, Böehm machinery with closed plugging, bent E, not aligned G,
in three pieces, branded by burin on the barrel: CARLO ROSSINI / wrung leaf.
There is not information about this maker, so it is probably an Orsi flute
branded with Rossini’s name.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 61. Piccolo in C branded: C
/ 870, probably made during the first decades of 20th century. The instrument
is made of ebony with pale fiddleback, with conical bore and metal sleeve in
the head joint and in the barrel. The instrument is made of two pieces with the
total length of 308mm (12.1”), six keys, six holes and three metal ring nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 62. Piccolo in C with
‘double chamber’, entirely of silvered metal and made of two tubes having the
outside reproducing a wooden flute and the inside having conical bore. The
instruments with double chamber were patented by Agostino Rampone (1843 - 1897)
in 1879 to go along with the necessity of Italian flute players who used to
play wooden flutes and were reluctant to play little metal flutes: in 1884 the
Giornale Militare Ufficiale published new rules for military bands to adopt
flutes and clarinets with double sides produced by Rampone. It is a solid
instrument, but heavy and difficult to be repaired, it has the Ziegler
machinery with six holes and seven keys, it is made of two pieces, 298mm
(11.75”) long, it is branded in oval: A. RAMPONE / coat of arms of Savoy /
MILANO / SISTEMA CON PRIVILEGIO / 519. The instrument is datable to around
1885.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 63. Piccolo in C branded:
lyre / F. ROTH / MILAN / flower with six petals. It is datable to the third
quarter of 19th century; it is made of ebony with conical bore and metal sleeve
in the head joint and in the barrel. The instrument is in three pieces with the
total length of 304mm (11.95”) with four ring nuts and six silvered keys, six
holes and a later ring nut.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 64. Flute made of ebony
with conical bore, descending to B. The instrument has the brand: lyre /
VINATIERI / A TORINO / sun. The instrument has its original case with the
monogram N G, it is made of ebony, in four pieces with six holes, ring nuts,
and ten keys (but the long F lever is missing and the hole is plugged) made of
silver. During the second Triennale Pubblica Esposizione in Turin, in 1832,
Fortunato Vinatieri, operating in Piazza Vittorio Emanuele next to 20, received
an honourable mention for the exhibition of an oboe and a flute (totally
identical to this one) made of ebony, with silver guerniture. The diapason is
438 Hz; it has an oval embouchure hole and is 706mm (27.8”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 65. Flute with conical
bore, Ziegler system, made of ebony between 1902 and 1918, during those years
this brand was used: lyre / MAINO & ORSI / MILANO / monogram MO. This is a
flute in C descending to B with eleven keys, two levers, an additional key for
the left ring finger, to close better the third hole of the upper body (G), and
five holes. The instrument is in four pieces with the foot joined to lower
body, its length is 724mm (28.5”) and the keys are made of nickel silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 66. Flute with conical
bore, made of boxwood, descending to B. The instrument was made by Johann
Joseph Ziegler (operating in Vienna from 1821 to 1850) and on every piece has
the brand: double-headed eagle / I: ZIEGLER / WIEN. The instrument has its
original case, it is in four pieces, and it has six holes, metal ring nuts (one
missing), ten keys (the last three with movable plates) and a lever made of
nickel silver. The diapason is 438 Hz; it has an oval embouchure hole and is
704mm (27.7”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 67. Flute in C, descending
to B, with conical bore, made of granadilla between 1902 and 1918, during those
years this brand was used: lyre / (in oval) BATTISTA / CAZZANI & Co /
MILANO / monogram BC. Giovan Battista Cazzani (1846 -1920) made musical
instruments in Milan starting from 1890, in 1912 affiliated with Rampone
brothers (Egidio married his daughter in 1926) giving birth to Cazzani & Co
until 1920. This is a flute with twelve keys and six holes. The instrument is made
of four pieces with the foot joined to lower body, it has the length of 718mm
(28.25”), the keys and the ring nuts, the last missing, are made of nickel
silver.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">E. 68. Zuffolo made of nickel silver branded on
the barrel: ZUFFOLO / A SCALA CROMATICA / BREVETTO / ABELARDO ALBISI / CORSO
CONCORDIA 4 / MILANO. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">On the oval plate on the pipes there
is the carving: ABELARDO ALBISI / BREVETTO / MILANO / CORSO CONCORDIA 4. The
instrument shows 13 pipes with closed end tuned from A5 to B6 and the opening
is activated by some keys on the right of the instrument imitating the
arrangement of piano keys. On the barrel a little headjoint is inserted, with
the side hole connected, through a plastic tube, to a metal mouthpiece. The
"zuffolo" was proposed to Dayton Miller by Glauco Meriggioli on
behalf of Albisi himself together with other instruments, in 1937. It is said
it was wanted by the composer Antonio Smareglia for the opera “Abisso”. It
seems it was never patented, even if several makers, among them Vanotti who
made instruments for Albisi, wrote this caption to give more importance to the
instruments. Another specimen, but in the two-octave version, made by Vanotti,
is at Orsi Factory collection, in Tradate.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">E. 69. Grenadilla ebony
conical flute, </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">descending to </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">G2
(panaulon). These flutes were built from 1815 onwards by Trexler and Koch at 16
keys and then by Ziegler until 1835. In 1823 Bayr publishes in Vienna a method,
Practische Flöten-Schule, in which there is the fingering method for a flute
descending to G2 of Koch at right foot (some of these flutes had their foot
bent back). The instrument was built by Johann Joseph Ziegler (active in Vienna
from 1821 to 1850) around 1830 and bearing the mark: I: ZIEGLER / WIEN. The
instrument has its original case on which it is engraved: D. C. (probably the
monogram of the owner). It is in four pieces, it has six holes, four ring
guards (the last missing) and seventeen silver keys (the last seven with
floating cloak). The diapason is 438 Hz, has the oval hole and is long mm. 889
while the sole foot is long mm. 467.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 70. Giorgi flute, straight
flute with transverse mouthpiece, datable to 1894, hallmarked: JOSEPH WALLIS
& SON LTD / GIORGI PATENT / LONDON. It is in ebonite with two rings in
nickel-silver for a total length of mm. 528. The instrument is in two parts:
the head, which holds only the lip plate, which is engraved with: Wallis PATENT
and C. T. Giorgi and the body, consisting of a cylindrical vertical tube, on
which there are eleven holes, two of which are posterior. It was patented by
Carlo Tommaso Giorgi (1856-1953), Florentine inventor, musician and acoustic
physicist, in 1888 and produced first by Maino and Orsi and later by Joseph
Wallis & Son Ltd. in London. It was designed as a chromatic instrument,
with the eleven holes positioned to produce the twelve semitones of the octave.
To close this number of holes it is necessary to use the thumbs, all the tips
of the fingers and the left index side which makes the fingering very complex.
The instrument is held vertically rather than horizontally and, to simplify its
execution, were subsequently added by one to four keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 71. Double head flute,
vertical and horizontal, and double barrel for intonation in C and D-flat. The
vertical head, with the U-shaped curve of 180 degrees followed by the
right-angle curve (patent 49789), ends in a tenon that fits into a cylindrical
metal barrel and then onto the upper body of the flute. Patented and built in
Cologne in 1889 by Everhard Anton Wünnenberg based on a design by Peter Joseph
Tonger, it is marked on the curve of the head: WÜNNENBERG'S D.R.P. No. 49789 /
P. J. TONGER / KÖLN A / RHEIN. Wünnenberg was born in Cologne in 1844,
succeeded his father in managing the factory and obtained various patents for
flute titles and mechanics. He died in Cologne on March 8, 1938. Peter Joseph
Tonger was born in Cologne in 1845, he was a builder, musician and editor. From
1890 he built his own vertical flutes with Wünnenberg mechanics. He died in
Cologne on March 25, 1917. The instrument, descending from the B, presents
fifteen metal keys and a ring. The body, in ebony, is in two pieces, the
horizontal head is in bone with its ebony barrels while the vertical one is
metal with a bone sleeve for the insufflation hole and the two metal barrels.
Total length mm. 712 with barrel in D-flat while mm. 730 with C barrel, conical
bore and closed-hole mechanics patented by Wünnenberg himself.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 72. Flute in C, descending
to D, branded: musical lyre / (in oval) BUFFET / Crampon & C.ie / A PARIS /
monogram BC / BREVETÉS / S.G.D.G. the instrument is in five ebony pieces, with
conical bore, six holes and six metal keys. The total length is mm. 603 (the
intonation cap is missing). Jean Louis Buffet, a manufacturer of musical
instruments as early as 1840, in 1871, together with Leon Crampon, formed the
Buffet & Crampon. The instrument has its original case on which the words
BUFFET CRAMPON & C.ie and the initials of the owner B. de AL. are printed
in gold letters and can be dated to the seventh decade of the nineteenth
century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 73. Flute in C descending
to B, marked: C. Ziegler / Wien. Christoph Ziegler was active in Vienna in the
Alservorstadt district since 1827. The flute can be dated to the middle of the
19th century, it is in ebony with horn reinforcements at the barrel and at the
joint between the bodies. Eleven keys, two of which are missing, the last three
of which are flat-plate sliding rolls between C flat - C. Strange cap that
completely closes the hole of the foot with a wooden wedge screwed to a cap.
Four pieces for a total length mm. 713 (178 + 64 + 174+ 297) to which the final
cap of mm. 15 must be added.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 74. Cylindrical flute in C,
built in Brussels, Belgium, before 1878 and marked on the body: 5-pointed star
/ C. MAHILLON & CỌ / LONDON / 5-pointed star. The head is marked: crown /
RUDAL / CARTE & Co / LONDON. The header is in ebony while the body is in
rosewood. The mechanics, in nickel silver, is of the Böehm hybrid type,
consisting of sixteen keys, G in line and long key of the C# to the left little
finger. In 1836 the company was founded by Charles Borromee Mahillon
(1813-1887) in Brussels who, in 1844, opened a store in London at 42 Leicester
Square. In 1865 he was joined by his son Victor Charles Mahillon (1841-1924)
who later founded the Museum of Musical Instruments in Brussels. The British
company Rudall Carte was among the most famous and appreciated in the music
industry of the 19th and 20th century. Founded as Rudall & Rose in 1822,
Richard Carte (father of Richard D'Oyly Carte) became part of the company
around 1850, changing its name to Rudall, Rose, Carte & Co and becoming
Rudall, Carte and Company in 1874. He produced high quality flutes in a wide
range of materials: mainly coconut wood, ebony, but also silver, ebonite and
gold. The total length is mm. 660 of which 234 of head, 296 of body and 130 of
foot: the diameter at the foot is mm. 26.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 75. Flute, four pieces in
ebony, extension to B, ferrules and twelve keys in nickel silver, conical
camber, adjusting slide, screw cap, hallmarked: musical lyre / (in oval) BUFFET
/ A PARIS / (in oval) A. GARDELLI / BARI / 5-pointed star, made in the last quarter
of the 19th century and marketed in Bari by Alfredo Gardelli who sold
instruments (Buffet, Conn, Rampone) under his own trademark. The instrument is
716 mm long overall; head 163, barrel 74, upper piece 181, lower piece 298. The
flute belonged to the flutist Antonio Matacchieri (Altamura 12/6/1915, Taranto
2/9/2015) and was donated to the museum by his son Bruno.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 76. Piccolo in C, in
silver-plated brass, cylindrical chamber, "finto Böehm" system with
closed plug marked A. RAMPONE / MILANO / -5033-. The instrument has thirteen
keys and can be dated to the last quarter of the 19th century. Egidio Forni and
Francesco Rampone, both originally from Quarna Sotto, moved to Milan, where
they learned to use lathes and make wind instruments (mainly woodwinds) in a
workshop. In 1847, Egidio Forni and Francesco Rampone thus became the sole
owners of the business that had been established in 1818, as it appears in the
old catalogues and price lists of the Agostino Rampone company. In the years to
come, Teodoro Rampone and later his son Agostino Rampone (1843-1897; active in
Milan from 1871) succeeded one another in running the company. The piccolo
belonged to flautist Antonio Matacchieri (Altamura 12/6/1915, Taranto 2/9/2015)
and was donated to the museum by his son Bruno.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 77. Rosewood flute
descending to B, old system, built by Maldura in Milan in the last quarter of
the 19th century. The flute has six holes, eleven keys and five nickel silver
ferrules. It is in four pieces for a total length of mm. 698. Alessandro
Maldura, whose mother M. Teresa was the sister of the famous builder Giuseppe
Pelitti, was born in 1830 and began his business in Milan in 1850 and, in 1858,
took over the business of Pietro Piana. He specialized in the construction of
"clarines, horns, piccolos, thirds, flutes, oboes, English horns and
bassoons" and for this he obtained numerous awards. He dies in 1914.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">E. 78. Boxwood flute, conical
chamber, hallmarked: three five-pointed stars / M E. The instrument is
descended from the D. Dated mid-19th century, consisting of five boxwood pieces
with ferrules and six metal keys with a total length of 625 mm; head 165,
barrel 70, upper body 178, lower body 124, foot 88.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 9. Side-blown flute in G
(Schwegel), Austria, mid 20th century, made in Carinthia by Hausa Schmidl
(1905-1999), the brand is carved on the head joint: HAUSA SCHMIDL / KÄRNTEN /
G. Two pieces of blackthorn wood with brass ring, conical bore with 7 holes,
the fifth a double hole and the seventh for the little finger (G#). Length
460mm (18.1”) and circular embouchure.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 10. Piffaro from Germany or
Netherlands, 18th century, made of boxwood. The instrument is branded “S” with
a crown on the top, it has six holes and it was probably one of those flutes
played accompanied with a drum.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 11. Piffaro from Alps,
anonymous, the second half of 18th century. The flute, made of boxwood, finely
turned both on the head joint and on the foot, is 326mm (12.85”) long and shows
6 front holes and a circular embouchure.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 12. English piffaro,
anonymous, first half of 19th century. The instrument, in two pieces, is made
of rosewood with two brass ring nuts on the head and on the foot; it is 353mm
(13.9”) long and shows a circular embouchure and six front holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 13. Piffero made of ebony in
A, used in military bands, England, 2 pieces, branded: Improved / London / B, 6
holes and a nickel silver key.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 14. Flauto traversino with
6 front holes and a brass key, having a recorder-like embouchure. Alps,
beginning of 19th century, 2 pieces of brown ebony.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 15. Fipple flute, early
19th century, made of rosewood with six front holes, popular during the last
century in Flanders, Netherlands, and Northern France. Fingering like Irish
whistle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 16. Recorder, France 1890,
granadilla and ebony, 7 single holes + 1 back hole, thin shape, length 325mm
(12.8”). Brand: Couesnon / & CIE / a Paris.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 17. Sopilka, recorder made
in Ukraine during the first decades of 20th century, by an anonymous maker, in
three pieces of dark ebonite with 8 front holes and two back holes. Conical
bore and thin shape, 3 brass ring nuts, length 327mm (12.85”). This instrument
is the most common Ukrainian folk flute and has a number of holes from six to
ten.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 18. Recorder with keys,
made by Lucien (Garenne-sur-eure, 1930), last descendant of Lot family, famous
dynasty of instrument makers. Brand: LN LOT / France / Brevetè S.G.D.G. Two
pieces of dark wood with bone beak, 6 keys of silver and 6 + 1 holes. Thin
shape, 332mm (13.05”). <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 19. Alto recorder, German,
anonymous. The peculiar head joint, with slander swellings, and the cylindrical
foot allowed to the greatest German flute expert of 19th century, Peter
Tailheimer, to attribute it to Franz Otto (Markneukirchen 1860 – 1905). The
instrument is 474mm (194 + 187 + 93 mm) (18.65” = 7.65” + 7.35” + 3.65”) long.
It has inverted conical bore, is in F (A 453 Hz) and it is made of rosewood
with embouchure and foot covered with ebony, 1 back hole and 7 front holes, the
last two are double holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 20. Tenor recorder, German,
in C, made by Thomas von Mollenhauer for the fine series “Solist”, during the
first half of 20th century. The instrument, of rosewood, is made of three
pieces and it is long 660mm (26”). It
presents a German fingering with seven front holes, the penultimate a double
hole, one back hole and it has a brass key for C.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 21. Bassett recorder,
German, made by Thomas von Mollenhauer for the fine series “Solist”, during the
first half of 20th century. The instrument, of rosewood, is made of three
pieces and it is 981mm (38.6”) long. It presents the German fingering with
eight front holes (two for F-F# and the penultimate a double hole) and a back
hole. The ring nut on the foot, two keys (the F-key has two holes, one is
open), and the bocal are made of brass while the embouchure is made of wood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 22. Recorders, three with
side embouchure and one with beak. North-American make, end of 19th century.
These instruments, made of stained wood and brass ring nuts, shows six front
holes without tone hole. The end-blown flute is 316mm (12.45”) long with
fipple-foot length of 286mm (11.25”) and is in Bb. The side-blown flutes
present a fine upper turning and a little wooden cylinder that allows the air
blow. Two of them are made of two pieces, and are 385mm (15.15”) and 384mm
(15.1”) long, the fipple-foot lengths are 276mm (10.85”) and 273mm (10.75”) and
they are respectively in B and in C. The last is made of a single piece with
the length of 337mm (13.25”) with fipple-foot length 242mm (9.5”) and it is in
D.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 37. Side-blown flute in C
(Schwegel), mid 20th century, branded: 440 on the embouchure hole, than under:
HAUSA SCHMIDL / KÄRNTEN / GREIFENBURG ÖSTERR. / d. Single piece of blackthorn
wood (?), conical bore with 6 holes, the fifth and the sixth are double. Length
315mm (12.4”), circular embouchure and spherical turning on the head and on the
foot. Hausa Schmidl, (1905-1999), was the most famous Austrian folk flute maker.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 38. Fife, English, in B,
branded: fleur-de-lis / D'ALMAINE & Co / LATE / GOULDING & D'ALMAINE /
104 / NEW BOND STREET / LONDON / G. The instrument has been made between 1858
and 1866; it is made of wood and is 369mm (14.5”) long. It shows two brass ring
nuts at the ends, a barely oval embouchure hole, and six front holes without
tone hole. It was probably used for military music.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 44. English piffero in Ab,
for military band, datable to the beginning of 20th century. The instrument is
branded: MADE FOR / BOOSEY & HAWKES / LONDON and it is made of two pieces
of ebony with total length of 395mm (15.55”). It shows six front holes, one
key, and three brass ring nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 45. Small anonymous flute,
stained wood, six front holes and with a small slit at the side of the lip of
the box. The profile wave (Wellenprofil) specifically recalls the tools of the
school of Nuremberg late 600 / early 700. The instrument is high mm. 118.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 46. Wood Cornett covered in
red morocco leather with signs of repairs to the leather cover. The tool
presents the mouthpiece (internal) and the final, zoomorphic head, in dark horn
and an opening on the convex side. The section is rectangular with rounded
corners. There are two metal brackets for the suspension strap (missing) and is
long mm. 380. Italian and probably dating from the second half of the '700 and
early 800.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 47. Crumhorn soprano in C,
stained wood (maple?) with seven holes plus two front holes resonance on the
bell and a brass ring. It is visible a repair shield-shaped in front of the
body under the ring and on the first hole (probably been lost or removed a coat
of arms). The Crumhorn is a renaissance instrument, whit cylindrical bore,
double-reed encapsulated, whose name comes from the German Krummhörn (curved
horn) for the umbrella-handle characteristic shape. These tools were very
popular in France, Germany and the Netherlands, they had a very limited
extension, just over one octave, so were played in consort from soprano to bass
to broaden the extension. This is an ancient reconstruction dating from the
late nineteenth and early twentieth century, attributable to instrument makers
of the French area (Auguste Tolbecque, Victor-Charles Mahillon) and is long mm.
370.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">F. 48. Soprano Recorder,
anonymous, in two parts, in pear stained wood, built in the manner of Thomas
Stanesby Jr. (1692-1754), with signs of wear and a crown-shaped mark on the
front of the block . The instrument was restored by master builder and restorer
Friedrich von Huene, in Boston, between 1970 and 1971, as reported in the
attached manuscript paper, so it is difficult to date it accurately. It could
be an instrument dating from the eighteenth century or copy later built. The
instrument has a back hole and, in front, seven holes of which the last two
doubles and is long mm. 317.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">G. 2. Chromatic harp without
pedals, with on every side of the neck (entirely made of golden metal) the
caption Pleyel, Lyon & C.ie Paris / 789 / Harpe. syste G.ve Lyon (brevetè).
The Pleyel chromatic harp was born for the necessity to have all the tonal
possibilities of a double action pedal harp in an instrument without pedals.
Gustave Lyon, director of Pleyel manufacturer, made this harp, recalled by an
1843 old project by Jean-Hanry Pape, with order of Alphonse Hasselmans, to
solve the problems during virtuous passages while using pedal harps. So he
produced a harp known as chromatic, that thanks to the idea of using a double
row of strings it reaches the wanted purpose. In this harp, the strings,
diatonically tuned, are attached on the right side (the back) of the neck (the
harmonic curve that connect the soundbox with the column), while on the left
side (the front) the chromatic strings are attached; crossing each others, for
convenience, close to the halfway, the two rows of strings ends at the opposite
sides of the soundboard. This instrument presents 78 strings (from D0 to G6) in
two courses: 46 diatonic strings in C major attached on the right of the neck
and on the left side of the soundboard, and 32 chromatic strings from the left
side of the neck to the right side of the soundboard. The harp, made during the
last decade of 19th century, has to bear a huge tension (1200 Kg.), for this
reason it presents a metal column veneered with ash root wood. The soundbox,
also veneered with ash wood, is very wide, made of maple, with numerous
supports made of solid wood and metal, and on the back it shows 6 openings, 4
vertically and the last two horizontally separated by a metal decoration. On
the soundbox there are the two strips (and the inner counter-strips) made of
beechwood with ivory pins. On the head there are metal decorations in the shape
of feminine figures. The foot shows four feet made of golden metal, the front
feet are in the shape of lion’s paws (containing wooden wheels) and the back
feet in the shape of coils. Notwithstanding in Conservatories of Paris and
Brussels some chromatic harp schools were established, the Pleyel chromatic
harp was never very popular. This harp presented other drawbacks (difficulty
for glissandos) in respect to pedal harp, so during the first decade of 20th
century there was a heated debate between supporters of Pleyel chromatic harp
and supporters of Erard diatonic harp so much that Debussy (Danses sacre et
profane 1904) and Ravel (Introduction et allegro 1905) wrote pieces dedicated
to the two different instruments.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">G. 15. French harp; on the neck
there is the engraving: DOMÉNY / Facteur de Harpes et de Pianos. Rue du Faub.ᵍ
S.ᵗ Martin127 N° 257 / 1.ERE MEDAILLE d’Argent aux Exposition de l’Industrie de
1827.1834.1839.1844 / MEDAILLE D’OR 1849. MEDAILLE 1.ERE CLASSE EXPOSITION
UNIVERSELLE / da 1855. The instrument is datable to 1857 and made by Louis
Joseph Domeny (operating from 1814 to 1861) who refined the system with forks
reducing the length of the string; it has 44 with fork machinery and 8
double-action pedals. As regards the structure, the sound box has a
semicircular section and shows some support chains inside; the neck is made of
stratified wood and it is more reinforced thanks to brass plates that contain
the double-action machinery. The semicircular soundbox shows on the back 5
holes enclosed in a trapezoidal frame. As for the decoration, this instrument
belongs to the neo-archaeological type; the capital has caryatids holding the
crown, the base of the column presents a decoration with palm leaves and, on
the base, two angels, and the pedestal is supported by four lion’s paws,
everything made of golden wood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 11. French desk piano for
ladies, datable to the third decade of 19th century in Charles X style, made of
rosewood lacquered yellow with Indian ink floral drawings. The instrument,
closed, measures 340 x 540 x 760 mm (13.4” x 21.25” x 29.9”), inside there is a
mercury mirror and a lot of compartments for sewing and writing tools. The
little extractable keyboard has 22 ivory keys and 15 ebony keys (from F3 to
F6), there are metal strings: single strings for the 18 lower notes, while
double strings for the other 19.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 15. English piano-cabinet,
entirely veneered with maple with golden plaster decorations, it is signed:
PATENT REPEATER / COLLARD & COLLARD / LATE / CLEMENTI, COLLARD &
COLLARD / LONDON. This type of piano, in fact resembling a cabinet, was made
for the first time in England during the first half of 19th century. The pins
and the wrest plank are on the top, while the strings start near the floor.
This arrangement was invented in the same time by the English John Isaac
Hawkins (1772-1855) and by the Viennese Matthias Müller (1770 ca.-1844) and has
a bayonet English sticker action machinery. The illustrious Collard &
Collard Piano Company was initially founded as "Longman &
Broderip" in 1767 that, in addiction to make pianos, it was a publishing
house that published Muzio Clementi’s compositions. He took over the
manufacturer giving the brand Clementi & Company; in 1815, he retired and
the manufacturer was managed by Collard brothers. At Clementi’s death, in 1832,
the manufacturer took the name Collard & Collard late Clementi. The
keyboard, made of ivory and ebony, has six octaves and five notes (C1 – G7).
The instrument is entirely made of sycamore maple with decorations made of
plaster gilt with bronzing powder, it presents two octagonal legs tapered
downwards, has two wooden pedals and, upon the keyboard, the accommodation for
the strings decorated with two columns with capitals and a cymatium. Inside
there is the serial number 936 that makes it to date back to 1820 and a title
block with this caption: DIRECTION / 1. - The action is taken out in the
usually manner, after first removing the dampers; but care must be taken to lay
the action-frame down on its side, to prevent any injury to damper-stickers. /
2. - Three screws will be observed in each upright rail of the action-frame by
removing till the check-rail and damper-stickers, may at once he taken away and
any hammer set to the stungs with the greatest eake. / 3. - To regulate the
jacks, take a piece of strong wire (band to a right angle at one end) and pass
it between the damper-sticker into the eye of the .... / 4. - the ...ller of
this invention will be readily discovered by the one of an intelligent
mechanic, as well as by the finger of an a complished performer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">H. 19. Organ pipes coming from
an Italian instrument probably made in 18th century. They are a group of
twenty-nine little pipes made of lead and tin that emit the following notes: A,
A#(broken), C, C, C#, C#, C#, D, D#, D#, F, F, F#, G, C#, A#, A#, F, C#, D, D#,
E, F#, G, G#, G#, A#, C, C#. The dimensions are from 220mm (8.65”) to 320mm
(12.6”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 3. French oboe made of
boxwood in three pieces, made by Thibouville-Cabart in 1870 ca. The brand on
every piece is: galleon / Thibouville / Cabart / à Paris / b # ≠.
The instrument has three ring nuts and ten keys made of brass, but the C key
and the rod for B are missing; the bell is cracked in some points.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 6. Cor anglais in F,
straight, made in around 1920. Three pieces made of Indian walnut, branded
<coat of arms of Savoy > / PROF. ROMEO ORSI MILAN (in oval) / TRADE
<two bears> MARK / ESPORT. MONDIAL, and on the back of the upper piece
the number 50680. The instrument, in F2 starting from E2, presents a Böehm
machinery with 19 keys and a ring made of silver alloy. The total length is 873mm
(34.35”), staple 73mm (2.85”), upper body 331mm (13.05”), lower body 319mm
(12.55”), bell 150mm (5.9”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 7. Cor anglais in F,
straight shape, German, made in 1960s, Uebel system with a single tone hole and
flared bell like the bells of clarinets. The instrument, in grenadilla, is
branded in oval: original / G.Rudolf / Uebel, under the oval there is the
caption: Wohlhausen / (Vogtland). The instrument is made of three pieces (upper
body, lower body, and bell) with total length of 865mm (34.05”) without staple,
and it presents 24 keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 8. English bassoon,
second half of 19th century, ebony, German (Heckel) machinery, branded “Boosey
& co. / makers / 295 Regent Street / London / 1588”, 16 nickel keys and 7
holes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 16. E-flat piccolo
clarinet, French, five boxwood pieces, six ivory ring nuts, nine keys and
thumbrest made of brass. Mouthpiece made of ebony. All the pieces are branded:
lyre surrounded by rays / B T, while on the bell there is the brand: lyre
surrounded by rays / B T / BUTHOD & THIBOUVILLE / BREVETES S.G.D.G. / A
PARIS. These makers operated in Paris from 1857 to 1867.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 17. E-flat piccolo clarinet
branded G. KRYWALSKI / TESCHEN, in four boxwood pieces and mouthpiece made of
ebony. The instrument was made during the second half of 19th century by Georg
Krywalski who operated in Teschen till 1897. The instrument has A at 440 Hz; it
has seven holes while the four ring nuts, the eight keys, and the reed ligature
are made of brass. The thumbrest and the C-hole are obtained from the embossed
wood body.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 18. C-sharp piccolo
clarinet, anonymous, second half of 19th century, made in Germany or Bohemia,
four yellow boxwood pieces and mouthpiece made of ebony. Seven keys and four
ring nuts made of brass with the hole for the right little finger in relief.
Total length 488mm (19.21”) without the mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 19. Clarinet in A, France,
made between 1848 and 1852, “Martin Fes à Paris” make. Five pieces made of
boxwood and mouthpiece made of ebony, ivory ring nuts, reed ligature with wire,
8 brass keys.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 20. Clarinet in A made by
Johann Joseph Ziegler (Vienna 1821 – 1850), on every piece there is the brand:
double-headed eagle / I:ZIEGLER / WIEN. / A. Ebony mouthpiece and 4 pieces made
of boxwood with thumbrest in relief, 5 ivory ring nuts, 13 keys made of brass
hinged on metal mountings. Mouthpiece with table covered with silver alloy and
metal lining inside the barrel. Dimensions: mouthpiece 71mm (2.8”), barrel 74mm
(2.9”), upper piece 200mm (7.85”), lower piece 237mm (9.35), bell 100mm
(3.95”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 21. Clarinet in C, English.
The instrument is made of five boxwood pieces and the mouthpiece, with six ring
nuts of ivory (two restored) and five squared keys made of brass. The brand, on
every piece, has the caption ASTOR & Co. / LONDON / [unicorn]. This manufacturer
operated in 79 Cornhill Street and 27 Tottenham Street, Fitzroy Square from
1798 to 1800, and it was made by the brothers George and John Astor.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 22. Clarinet in C, French,
made of boxwood with five ivory ring nuts and 13 keys made of brass. The
instrument is made of four pieces, all branded NOBLET / JEUNE / FILS, brand
used by Noblet family during the first decades of 19th century. The mouthpiece,
made of rosewood in around 1845, is branded J. LEUKHARDT / BOSTON (this
instrument maker, born in Russia in 1819 and moved to Boston, after the 1847
associated with Schauffler creating the famous manufacturer Schauffler &
Leukhardt).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 23. Bassett horn, alto
clarinet in F, mouthpiece made of ebony and 4 pieces made of boxwood with
thumbrest in relief, ivory ring nuts, 13 brass keys hinged on wooden mountings
in relief. The barrel is bent. The instrument was made by Johann Joseph Ziegler
(operating in Vienna from 1821 to 1850) and on every piece there is the brand:
double-headed eagle / I:ZIEGLER / WIEN / F.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 39. Clarinet in Bb,
English, datable between 1798 and 1803, made of five boxwood pieces and the
ebony mouthpiece, six ivory ring nuts and six brass keys. The instrument is
branded on every piece: GOULDING & Cº, while on the bell there is also the
symbol of Prince of Wales and the writing LONDON. The total length is 529mm
(20.8”) without the mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 40. Tenor cornett made by
the Berliner Günter Körber (1922-1990), whose instruments are kept in museums
and collections. The instrument, with lightly conical shape, made of rosewood,
is 532mm (20.95”) long without the mouthpiece; it presents seven front holes
and two metal ring nuts, the lower one with fish and birds incisions. The
mouthpiece is made of ivory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 53. English bassoon, in four
rosewood pieces, six keys and three ring nuts made of brass, and original
bocal. There is the brand: unicorn / C. GEROCK / 79 / CORNHILL / LONDON.
Christopher Gerock, operating in London from 1804 to 1837, had his offices in
Cornhill between 1808 and 1823; he was a fine maker of flutes, clarinets, but
mainly bassoons. The instrument has length of 1240mm (48.8”); the diameter of
the bell is 50mm (1.95”), total length of the wing 530mm (20.85”).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 56. Clarinet in Bb,
Italian, on every piece it has the brand: flower / VINATIERI / A TORINO / sun /
SI b, datable to the third decade of 19th century. Vinatieri Fortunato
[1807-1859], Guglielmo’s son, operated from 1829 to 1859, but from 1838
associated with Vincenzo Castellazzo with the brand Vinatieri and Castlas,
while from 1858 appeared together with his son Camillo as Vinatieri &
figlio. This instrument is made of five boxwood pieces with five horn ring nuts
(one missing) and the mouthpiece made of ebony. The upper body has three holes
and four rounded and flat keys made of brass, two of them hinged on brass
joints and two directly on relief mouldings of the wood. The central body has
three holes and a key on a brass joint while the lower body has a hole and
three keys directly hinged on the wood. It has cylindrical bore and, without
mouthpiece, is 573mm (22.55”) long.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 57. Straight cor anglais in
F, branded: lyre / (in oval) BUFFET / Crampon & C. / A PARIS / monogram BC
/ BREVETE / S.G.D.G. serial number 472 that dates it back to 1886. Jean Louis
Buffet was already an instrument maker since 1840: in 1871, together with Leon
Crampon, founded the Buffet & Crampon. The instrument, in its original
case, 793mm (31.2”) long, is in three pieces made of Honduras rosewood:
staples, 13 keys, and three rings are made of silver nickel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">J. 78. Contrabassoon of “Premiata Fabbrica
Italiana Istrumenti Musicali Edoardo Sioli Milano” lyre / E. SIOLI / MILANO /
five-pointed star. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The instrument is datable to the third decade of
20th century and it was played in RAI Orchestra in Milan by Prof. Freschi
Mario. The instrument is made of red maple, it is descending to C so it has the
wooden bell upwards, moreover it presents twenty metal keys, three curves, and
a long bocal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 80. Italian bassoon
branded: E. SIOLI / MILANO / five-petaled flower, datable to second decade of
20th century. The instrument is made of varnished maple; it shows French
machinery with five holes and twenty one metal keys some of which are blocked
by cork pieces. The dimensions are: 433mm (17.05”) for the boot, 529mm (20.8”)
for the longest piece, 469mm (18.45”) for the wing, and 362mm (14.25”) for the
bell. Edoardo Sioli was the most important Italian bassoon and contrabassoon
make during the early 20th century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 92. Clarinet in A, built in
the third quarter of the 18th century. in five parts in boxwood plus the
mouthpiece. It has five bone ferrules, five square brass keys and eight holes,
seven of which are front and one back. Marked on the barrel: 3 / BIGLIONI / IN
ROMA. On the upper and middle bodies: I / BIGLIONI / IN ROMA / A. on the lower
body and on the bell there is the inscription: 5-pointed star / BIGLIONI / IN
ROMA / I. The dimensions are: barrel mm. 69, upper body mm. 225, medium body
mm. 98, lower body mm. 137 and bell mm. 114 for a total of mm. 717 including
the mouthpiece. The factory, founded by Iacobus Biglioni (member of the Accademia
di Santa Cecilia), was active in Rome since 1721. Later other members of the
family are documented as makers and musicians such as Baldassarre (1719 - 1793)
known as turner and successor of his father Gaspare. Two sons of Baldassarre,
Domenico (1757 - 25 December 1828) was classified in 1827 as "fabbricatore
d'istromenti"; Giovanni (1762 - 29 September 1838), Luigi (1797 - 1851)
and Luigi, son of Domenico, were oboe players at the Accademia di Santa Cecilia
while Giovanni played trombone with "the musicians of Campidoglio"
from 1781 to 1793. From 1781 to 1827 the workshop was in via dei Banchi Vecchi
55.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">J. 95. Rosewood bassoon,
marked: five-pointed star / C. MAHILLON & CỌ / LONDON / L. P while the wing
is branded: five-pointed star / C. MAHILLON & CỌ / LONDON / MADE AT THEIR /
BRUSSELS / WORKS / five-pointed star / L. P. The instrument, which can be dated
around 1875, is made of rosewood with nickel silver keys and ebony hole
contour. The mechanics are French with 17 keys, including the spiked one on the
"S". Charles Borromee Mahillon (1813-1887) founded his musical
instrument factory in Brussels in 1836. In 1844 he opened a store in London, at
42 Leicester Square, where he sold instruments made in Brussels: in 1887 the
store moved to 141 Oxford St. In 1865 he was joined by his son Victor Charles
Mahillon (1841-1924) who later founded the Museum of Musical Instruments in
Brussels. The dimensions are mm. 492 for the wing, 453 for the breech, 556 for
the long piece and 312 for the bell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">K. 21. Victorian bell for
hotels. This elegant bell is made up of a marble base, mm. 80 in diameter, on
which a metal frame of mm. 96 in height, inside which there is a brass bell
that is struck by a spring clapper. The structure is adorned with three large
pieces of mother of pearl, high mm. 80; the metal structure shows ring in the
lower part, two bunches of grapes and, on the side of the clapper, a flower
while on the clapper there is a crescent.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: white;">M. 22. Hunting cornett, English,
in a single piece entirely made of silver. The slander and elegant instrument
is 304mm (11.95”) long, including the small and finely turned mouthpiece</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="color: white;">.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
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